Ent-kaurenic Acid and Its Related Compounds from Glandular Trichome Exudate and Leaf Extracts ofPolymnia sonchifolia

1992 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1562-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Kakuta ◽  
Takuhiko Seki ◽  
Yasuyuki Hashidoko ◽  
Junya Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Trichome Exudate

Dodecylα-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside Derivatives from the Glandular Trichome Exudate ofErodium pelargoniflorum

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1108
Author(s):  
Takaomi Sakai ◽  
Yuhei Tanemura ◽  
Satsuki Itoh ◽  
Yoshinori Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Trichome Exudate

scholarly journals n-Octyl α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside Derivatives from the Glandular Trichome Exudate of Geranium carolinianum

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teigo Asai ◽  
Takaomi Sakai ◽  
Kiyoshi Ohyama ◽  
Yoshinori Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Trichome Exudate

scholarly journals Distribution of Anacardic Acids Associated with Small Pest Resistance among Cultivars of Pelargonium ×hortorum

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Grazzini ◽  
David Hesk ◽  
Ellen Yerger ◽  
Diana Cox-Foster ◽  
June Medford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Composition ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Sticky Trap ◽  
Anacardic Acid ◽  
Anacardic Acids ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Diploid Cultivar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Trichome Exudate

Composition of anacardic acids (phenolic acids known to be associated with small pest resistance in Pelargonium ×hortorum) was examined in 13 diploid and 25 tetraploid cultivars by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The presence of an unusual desaturation (omega (ω)-5) in the alkyl tail of anacardic acids present only in glandular trichome exudate of pest-resistant diploid inbred lines had previously been associated with a sticky-trap pest-resistance phenomenon. In this study, we examine Pelargonium cultivars for variability in anacardic acid composition to assess the distribution of ω5 desaturation among commercial cultivars, to determine possible interactions between ω5 desaturation and other plant desaturation mechanisms, and to examine the possible impact of ploidy on ω5 desaturation. An unsaturation index (UI) is derived to compare exudates differing widely in composition yet which may provide a similarly effective sticky-trap pest-resistance mechanism based on exudate viscosity. ω-5 Anacardic acids were observed in the glandular trichome exudate of all 38 commercial cultivars examined. No diploid cultivar produced ω5- and ω9- anacardic acids, although the simultaneous production of ω5 and ω9- anacardic acids was observed in three tetraploid cultivars. Total ω5- anacardic acids comprised from 42.4% (tetraploid cultivar Perlenkette-syn. Snowhite, Weiss) to 86.8% (tetraploid cultivar Amanda). Commercial P. ×domesticum cultivars had no ω5 anacardic acids. UIs ranged from 60.9 (tetraploid cultivar Dixieland) to 103.4 (diploid cultivar Pinto White). In contrast, anacardic acids collected from a pest-susceptible inbred line contained no ω5- anacardic acids and had a UI of 38.7. No significant differences among ploidy levels were observed for UIs or for most specific anacardic acid components, with the exception of 24:1 ω5- anacardic acid, in which the mean diploid value (32.1%) was significantly higher than that of the mean tetraploid value (27.6%). We conclude that ω5- anacardic acid production occurs in all Pelargonium cultivars observed and that these cultivars are predicted to exhibit resistance to small arthropod pests. Significant genetic variability in specific anacardic acid composition appears to exist among Pelargonium cultivars, suggesting that breeding for pest resistance can be readily monitored by HPLC of anacardic acids.

scholarly journals Additive Effects of Alcohols and Polyols on Thermostability of Pepper Leaf Extracts

2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Water Partition Coefficient ◽  
Related Compounds

Chemical chaperones (CC) are plant stress-related compounds that can stabilize protein structure in adverse environments. Modes of action are thought to involve hydrogen bonding, primarily with the solvent, and hydrophobic stabilization of the protein core. The objective of this study was to determine structure–function relationships between CC (and structurally related compounds) and thermal stability of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) leaf proteins. Both polarity [based on log Kow (the oil–water partition coefficient)] and capacity for hydrogen bonding (based on the number of OH groups) contributed to whether low-molecular-weight alcohols and polyols stabilized or destabilized proteins at elevated temperatures. Thermal stability increased with increasing number of OH groups at a fixed number of carbon atoms per molecule. Conversely, thermal stability decreased with increasing number of carbon atoms with a fixed number of OH groups. When CC solution concentrations were adjusted to the same concentration of OH groups (1.51 × 1022 OH groups per milliliter), protein thermal stability increased with increasing CC polarity. Mixtures of different CC had additive effects on increasing protein thermostability, but mixtures of stabilizing (mannitol) and destabilizing (methanol) compounds negated each other. As a strategy for increasing plant thermotolerance, identification and removal of destabilizing compounds should be equally effective as increasing levels of stabilizers in protecting protein conformation at elevated temperatures.

Constituents of the Glandular Trichome Exudate on the Leaves of Laggera pterodonta

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Liu ◽  
Ji-chun Wu ◽  
Hao-liang Li ◽  
Yan-Fang Ma ◽  
Yan-Ping Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Trichome Exudate
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