Improvement of Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Sugarcane Bagasse by Soaking in Aqueous Ammonia and Methanolic Ammonia

2013 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 1379-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolghasem HEDAYATKHAH ◽  
Hossein MOTAMEDI ◽  
Hossein NAJAFZADEH VARZI ◽  
Gholamreza GHEZELBASH ◽  
Mostafa AMOPOUR BAHNAMIRY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Methanolic Ammonia ◽  
Soaking In Aqueous Ammonia

An economic and environmental evaluation for bamboo-derived bioethanol

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (56) ◽  
pp. 29604-29611 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wang ◽  
J. Littlewood ◽  
R. J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Liquid Hot Water ◽  
Soaking In Aqueous Ammonia

The potential to obtain bioethanol from bamboo using three different pretreatment technologies (liquid hot water (LHW), dilute acid (DA) and soaking in aqueous ammonia (SAA)) is assessed via techno-economic and environmental analyses.

Synthetic use of the ribosyl derivatives of 2,4- and 2,5-thiazolidinediones

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1475-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Hřebabecký ◽  
Zdeněk Točík ◽  
Jiří Beránek
Keyword(s):  
Hydrazine Hydrate ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Sodium Methoxide ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Acetyl Derivative ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Methanolic Ammonia

On ribosidation of 2,4-thiazolidinedione (2,5-thiazolidinedione, respectively), the 3-β-D-ribofuranosyl derivative is formed in high yield, either the benzoyl derivative Ia (IIa) or the acetyl derivative Ib (IIb). The unsubstituted ribosyl derivative Ic is formed from the acetyl derivative Ib by methanolic hydrogen chloride. The benzoylated ribosyl-2,4-thiazolidinedione Ia affords the benzoylated ribosylurea III on reaction with aqueous ammonia, the hydroxyethylurea derivative IVa with 2-aminoethanol, the semicarbazide derivative Va with hydrazine hydrate, the ribosylhydroxyurea derivative VIa on reaction with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and triethylamine, the benzoyl derivative of ribosylbiuret VII with O-methylisourea hydrochloride and triethylamine, and (analogously) ribosylisothiobiuret VIII with S-methylisothiourea. Methanolysis of the benzoyl derivative of hydroxyethylurea IVa with sodium methoxide affords the unprotected riboside IVb. Ribosylhydroxyurea VIb is formed on debenzoylation of compound VIa with methanolic ammonia. Acetylation of compound VIb furnishes the pentaacetyl derivative VIc.

Pre-treatment of sugarcane bagasse with aqueous ammonia–glycerol mixtures to enhance enzymatic saccharification and recovery of ammonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 121628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Shi ◽  
Jianghai Lin ◽  
Jiasheng Li ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Cuifeng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Pre Treatment

AMMONOLYSIS OF 1,2-EPOXYCYCLOHEXANE AND TRANS-2-BROMOCYCLOHEXANOL

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Hawkins ◽  
R. A. B. Bannard
Keyword(s):  
Primary Amine ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Fold Excess ◽  
Methanolic Ammonia

Optimum conditions for the preparation of trans-2-aminocyclohexanol by ammonolysis of 1,2-epoxycyclohexane or trans-2-bromocyclohexanol are realized by use of a 20-fold excess of aqueous alcoholic ammonia at 100°. Under these conditions formation of secondary amines is minimized. Lower ammonia–reactant ratios, or the use of absolute methanolic ammonia or aqueous ammonia, lead to lower yields of primary amine and higher yields of secondary amines. 1,2-Epoxycyclohexane has been isolated from the interaction of trans-2-bromocyclohexanol with aqueous ammonia. The oxide reacts more rapidly with aqueous alcoholic ammonia than the bromohydrin and the rate of conversion of the latter to amine is thus controlled by the rate of conversion of bromohydrin to oxide.

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