scholarly journals Identification of osmotic stress-responsive genes from Leymus mollis, a wild relative of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elsadig Eltayeb Habora ◽  
Amin Elsadig Eltayeb ◽  
Hisashi Tsujimoto ◽  
Kiyoshi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wild Relative ◽  
Stress Responsive Genes ◽  
Leymus Mollis

scholarly journals Response of growth and antioxidant enzymes to osmotic stress in two different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars seedlings

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 534-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.Q. Wu ◽  
L.N. Zhang ◽  
Y.Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Drought Tolerant

 To investigate the responses of growth and antioxidant enzymes to osmotic stress in two different wheat cultivars, one drought tolerant (Heshangtou, HST) and the other drought sensitive (Longchun 15, LC15), 15-day-old wheat seedlings were exposed to osmotic stress of –0.25, –0.50, and –0.75 MPa for 2 days. It is found that osmotic stress decreased shoot length in both wheat cultivars, whereas to a lesser degree in HST than in LC15. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) of shoot in both wheat cultivars were increased by osmotic stress. It is clear that MDA contents increased less in the more drought tolerant cultivar HST than in drought sensitive one LC15. On the contrary, POD and CAT activities increased more in HST than LC15 under osmotic stress. As the activity of SOD, however, no significant differences were found between HST and LC15. These results suggest that wheat cultivar HST has higher activities of antioxidant enzymes such as POD and CAT to cope with oxidative damage caused by osmotic stress compared to sensitive LC15.  

Salicylic acid and nitric oxide alleviate osmotic stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mehdi Naser Alavi ◽  
Mohammad Javad Arvin ◽  
Khosrow Manoochehri Kalantari
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L

Development of a set of compensating Triticum aestivum – Dasypyrum villosum Robertsonian translocation lines

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 836-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Lili Qi ◽  
Wenxuan Liu ◽  
Wanchun Zhao ◽  
Jamie Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wild Relative ◽  
Dasypyrum Villosum ◽  
Robertsonian Translocations ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Hundred Kernel Weight

Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy, a wild relative of bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), is the source of many agronomically important genes for wheat improvement. Production of compensating Robertsonian translocations (cRobTs), consisting of D. villosum chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms, is one of the initial steps in exploiting this variation. The cRobTs for D. villosum chromosomes 1V, 4V, and 6V have been reported previously. Here we report attempted cRobTs for wheat – D. villosum chromosome combinations 2D/2V, 3D/3V, 5D/5V, and 7D/7V. The cRobTs for all D. villosum chromosomes were recovered except for the 2VS and 5VL arms. As was the case with the 6D/6V combination, no cRobTs involving 2D/2V chromosomes were recovered; instead, cRobT T2BS·2VL involving a nontargeted chromosome was recovered. All cRobTs are fertile, although the level of spike fertility and hundred kernel weight (HKW) varied among the lines. The set of cRobTs involving 12 of the 14 D. villosum chromosomes will be useful in wheat improvement programs. In fact, among the already reported cRobTs, T6AL·6VS carrying the Pm21 gene is deployed in agriculture and many useful genes have been reported on other cRobTs including resistance to stem rust race UG99 on T6AS·6VL.

Multiple branching stems in a hybrid between bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and lymegrass Leymus mollis

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1504-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. D. Koebner ◽  
P. K. Martin ◽  
K. Anamthawat-Jónsson
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Key Words Wheat ◽  
Epigenetic Effect ◽  
Aerial Roots ◽  
Leymus Mollis

Hybrids have been produced between bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) and lymegrass (Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilger), and these are vegetatively highly vigorous but sexually sterile. The plants are unusual for Triticeae in having both extensive intravaginal branching along the length of the stem and the ability to spontaneously develop aerial roots from the stem nodes. These morphological changes are probably genetically determined, since the phenotype was expressed in a number of independent hybrids grown in widely differing environments. It may, however, be an epigenetic effect, arising from the tissue culture period necessary for embryo rescue. As the hybrids are self-sterile, the character is useful as it allows for ready vegetative reproduction. Key words: wheat, Leymus, wide hybrid, branching stem, aerial roots.

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