scholarly journals Identification of two loci causing F1 pollen sterility in inter- and intraspecific crosses of rice

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khin Thanda Win ◽  
Takahiko Kubo ◽  
Yuta Miyazaki ◽  
Kazuyuki Doi ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yamagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Sterility

Study on floral traits and seed setting in parental lines of hybrid rice during early ahu and kharif seasons

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aradhana Phukan ◽  
P. K. Barua ◽  
D. Sarma ◽  
S. D. Deka
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Floral Traits ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Parental Lines

Two CMS lines, IR 58025A and IR 68888A along with their maintainers and two fertility restorers, LuitR and IR 36R, were evaluated for flower and plant characters during early ahu (February-June) and kharif (July-November) seasons. IR 58025A showed longer stigmata and styles, and higher spikelet Length/Breadth (L/B) ratio while IR 68888A showed broader stigmata and wider glume opening angle in both the seasons. IR 68888A also exhibited higher pollen sterility during early ahu. IR 36R was characterized with broad anthers. LuitR showed longer and broader anthers with more pollen than others. Plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width and area were higher in IR 36R. Panicle exsertion was complete in pollen parents whereas it was 78-80% in CMS lines. The widest flag leaf angle was found in IR 58025B during early Ahu and in IR 36R during kharif. Kharif season was more favourable for growth of the plants with higher seed set percentage while floral traits of the CMS lines were better expressed in early Ahu. Manipulation of the seeding sequence of the parental lines in early Ahu is warranted for better seed set provided the seed crop escapes heavy premonsoon showers during reproductive stage. IR 68888A/LuitR was a good combination for pollen dispersal and seed setting.

Meiotic chromosome behavior of Haworthia limifolia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 4902
Author(s):  
Afrin Nazli ◽  
Kamini Kumar*
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Meiotic Abnormalities ◽  
Chromosome Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Fruit Formation ◽  
Meiosis I ◽  
Chromosomal Behaviour

Haworthia limifolia is a xerophytic plant belonging to the family Liliaceae and is indigenous to Africa. It is use extensively for its medicinal properties like antibacterial, antifungal properties and used for the treatment of sores, superficial burns, as a blood purifier and to promote pregnancy in women and cattles. In present investigation chromosomal behaviour of H. limifolia in meiosis was studied. In diplotene stage chiasmata was observed showing the possibilities of genetic recombination. Chromosome clumps were observed in diakinesis indicating sticky nature of chromosomes. Meiotic abnormalities like stickiness, precocious movement, formation of bridges and laggards were also reported in both meiosis I and II. A fairly high percentage of pollen sterility that is 73.41% was recorded resulting in failure of fruit formation. This plant could be designated as facultative apomict (Swanson, 1957) as the only means of reproduction found was asexual or vegetative.

Hybrid Zones and the Genetic Architecture of a Barrier to Gene Flow Between Two Sunflower Species

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 713-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren H Rieseberg ◽  
Jeannette Whitton ◽  
Keith Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Study ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Reproductive Barriers ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Generation Times ◽  
Helianthus Petiolaris

Abstract Genetic analyses of reproductive barriers represent one of the few methods by which theories of speciation can be tested. However, genetic study is often restricted to model organisms that have short generation times and are easily propagated in the laboratory. Replicate hybrid zones with a diversity of recombinant genotypes of varying age offer increased resolution for genetic mapping experiments and expand the pool of organisms amenable to genetic study. Using 88 markers distributed across 17 chromosomes, we analyze the introgression of chromosomal segments of Helianthus petiolaris into H. annuus in three natural hybrid zones. Introgression was significantly reduced relative to neutral expectations for 26 chromosomal segments, suggesting that each segment contains one or more factors that contribute to isolation. Pollen sterility is significantly associated with 16 of these 26 segments, providing a straightforward explanation of why this subset of blocks is disadvantageous in hybrids. In addition, comparison of rates of introgression across colinear vs. rearranged chromosomes indicates that close to 50% of the barrier to introgression is due to chromosomal rearrangements. These results demonstrate the utility of hybrid zones for identifying factors contributing to isolation and verify the prediction of increased resolution relative to controlled crosses.

scholarly journals Meiotic Aberrations Underlying Pollen Sterility in Cultivated Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
Tanuja Buckseth ◽  
Manjit Inder Singh Saggoo
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
Meiotic Aberrations

scholarly journals The radish Ogura fertility restorer impedes translation elongation along its cognate CMS-causing mRNA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuande Wang ◽  
Lina Lezhneva ◽  
Nadège Arnal ◽  
Martine Quadrado ◽  
Hakim Mireau
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Translation ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
Gene Control ◽  
Specific Inhibition ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Restorer Of Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restorers

AbstractThe control of mRNA translation has been increasingly recognized as a key regulatory step for gene control but clear examples in eukaryotes are still scarce. Nucleo-cytoplasmic male sterilities (CMS) represent ideal genetic models to dissect genetic interactions between the mitochondria and the nucleus in plants. This trait is determined by specific mitochondrial genes and is associated with a pollen sterility phenotype that can be suppressed by nuclear genes known as restorer-of-fertility (Rf) genes. In the study, we focused on the Ogura CMS system in rapeseed and showed that the suppression to male sterility by the PPR-B fertility restorer (also called Rfo) occurs through a specific inhibition of the translation of the mitochondria-encoded CMS-causing mRNA orf138. We also demonstrate that PPR-B binds within the coding sequence of orf138 and acts as a ribosome blocker to specifically impede translation elongation along the orf138 mRNA. Rfo is the first recognized fertility restorer shown to act this way. These observations will certainly facilitate the development of synthetic fertility restorers for CMS systems in which efficient natural Rfs are lacking.

scholarly journals ПАЛІНОІНДИКАЦІЯ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ПОВІТРЯ М. ЧЕРНІВЦІ

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
I. O. Sytnikova ◽  
T. V. Fylypchuk
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Anthropogenic Loading ◽  
Satisfactory State ◽  
Sterile Pollen ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

The monitoring evaluation of anthropogenic transformation level of the environment was made according to viability of pollen Malus domestica Borkh. and Prunus cerasus L. The research was conducted in 2015-2017. The monitoring areas were located on the territories of preschool- and general educational institutions of Chernivtsi city. The pollen of the plants, which grow in locations of the background territory (landscape wildlife preserve Tsetsyno), was used as a control. As the result of the research, it was found out that the increase of anthropogenic loading level caused the productivity rise of sterile pollen grain. It was also discovered that M. domestica has a higher sensitivity than P. cerasus due to its capacity to produce fertile pollen with mean concentration of starch as a response to the atmospheric pollution. The mentioned feature of M. domestica expands the opportunities of its use as a bioindicator and also can indicate the anthropogenic transformation of environment. According to the integral conditional index of bioindicator’s damage, it was assessed that a satisfactory state of environment is on the Nebesnoi Sotni 18-A st., F. Poletaeva3 st., Saltykova-Shedrina29 st., Ruska178 st. and Nebesnoi Sotni 10-B st., when an ecological situation in other monitoring areas corresponds to the standards of cleanness. The main reason for the increase of pollen sterility of the bioindicators on the above-listed streets is a close proximity to the highways with an active traffic and traffic congestion.

Identifying neutral allele Sb at pollen-sterility loci in cultivated rice with Oryza rufipogon origin

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (20) ◽  
pp. 3813-3821 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeiGang Shi ◽  
XiangDong Liu ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
XingJuan Zhao ◽  
Lan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Cultivated Rice

Study of the possibilities of using sunflower lines with different colours of seeds to create poultry feed

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Vedmedeva ◽  
Tatiana Machova
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Seed Colour

Abstract Sunflower is used for the production of oil, confectionery and animal feed. Birds are very fond of sunflowers and can be pests of sunflower crops, and are consumers of seeds. Sunflower poultry feed is an emerging market that determines the direction of breeding. Its development is based on the determination of bird preferences and the available variety of sunflower lines. This is what our research is devoted to. Experimental feeding of chickens with a mixture of sunflower seeds of different colours was carried out. Chickens have been found to prefer contrasting striped seeds with white and dark stripes more than others. The white colour of the seeds was eaten less than others. Studies of the genetics of sunflower colour allow us to distinguish two groups of lines by seed colour. The first has white seeds with the EwEwPP genotype, suitable for use in human confectionery and more protected from being eaten by wild birds in the fields. The second is striped seeds with the EstrEstrPP genotype, which can be fed whole seeds to birds. Donors of seed colour traits and other traits important for hybrid breeding were selected from the evaluated collection of sunflower lines. InK1039 line is a donor of small striped seeds and pollen fertility restoration. InK1587 line is a sterility fixer and donor of striped and early maturing seeds. To create hybrids with white seeds for human consumption and thus more resistant to ingestion by wild birds, white seed donors were isolated with KG9 to restore pollen fertility and I2K2218 in a pollen sterility fixer.

scholarly journals Genetic effects of F1 pollen sterility genes S-b, S-d and S-e in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Mingsong Jiang ◽  
Jiandi Xu ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Wenyin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Japonica Variety ◽  
Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Sterility Genes

An experimental population commonly used in genetic analyses of gene or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in rice is chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs). In the present study, with the typical indica variety Guangluai 4 as a donor and japonica variety Taichung 65 as a recipient, seven CSSLs carrying F<sub>1 </sub>pollen sterility genes S-b, S-d, S-e, S-b/S-d, S-b/S-e, S-d/S-e, and S-b/S-d/S-e were obtained by specific selection for the target genes, non-specific selection for the genome of the recurrent parents in four backcross populations (BC<sub>1</sub>F<sub>2</sub>, BC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub>, BC<sub>3</sub>F<sub>2</sub> and BC<sub>3</sub>F<sub>3</sub>). We evaluated the genetic effect of the F<sub>1</sub> pollen sterility genes using 35 F<sub>1 </sub>hybrid individuals in crosses derived from CSSLs and Taichung 65. Pollen fertility of F<sub>1</sub> hybrid plants was observed and the results indicated that the single genes S-b, S-d and S-e can cause 67.7%, 14.6% and 53.2% of pollen sterility, respectively. Multiple genes S-b/S-d, S-b/S-e, S-d/S-e, and S-b/S-d/S-e can cause 76.6%, 85%, 68.7%, and 93% of pollen sterility, respectively.  

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