scholarly journals Application of AFLP Technique That Uses Non-radioactive Fluorescent Primers to the Detection of Genetic Diversity in Japanese Rice Cultivars and Cloning of DNA Sequences Derived from an Indica Genome.

1999 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
lkuo Ashikawa ◽  
Yoshimichi Fukuta ◽  
Katsunori Tamura ◽  
Tadashi Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Fluorescent Primers ◽  
Aflp Technique

Genetic Diversity and Performance of Masuli and its Substitute Rice Cultivars

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Sharma ◽  
N.K. Chaudhary ◽  
B.R. Ojha ◽  
B.K. Joshi ◽  
M.P. Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Molecular and Physiological Responses of Rice and Weedy Rice to Heat and Drought Stress

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Leonard Bonilha Piveta ◽  
Nilda Roma-Burgos ◽  
José Alberto Noldin ◽  
Vívian Ebeling Viana ◽  
Claudia de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
World Population ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars

Rice is the staple food for about half of the world population. Rice grain yield and quality are affected by climatic changes. Arguably, rice cultivars’ genetic diversity is diminished from decades of breeding using narrow germplasm, requiring introgressions from other Oryza species, weedy or wild. Weedy rice has high genetic diversity, which is an essential resource for rice crop improvement. Here, we analyzed the phenotypic, physiological, and molecular profiles of two rice cultivars (IRGA 424 and SCS119 Rubi) and five weedy rice (WR), from five different Brazilian regions, in response to heat and drought stress. Drought and heat stress affected the phenotype and photosynthetic parameters in different ways in rice and WR genotypes. A WR from Northern Brazil yielded better under heat stress than the non-stressed check. Drought stress upregulated HSF7A while heat stress upregulated HSF2a. HSP74.8, HSP80.2, and HSP24.1 were upregulated in both conditions. Based on all evaluated traits, we hypothesized that in drought conditions increasing HSFA7 expression is related to tiller number and that increase WUE (water use efficiency) and HSFA2a expression are associated with yield. In heat conditions, Gs (stomatal conductance) and E’s increases may be related to plant height; tiller number is inversely associated with HSPs expression, and chlorophyll content and Ci (intercellular CO2 concentration) may be related to yield. Based on morphology, physiology, and gene regulation in heat and drought stress, we can discriminate genotypes that perform well under these stress conditions and utilize such genotypes as a source of genetic diversity for rice breeding.

scholarly journals Genetic variation in native and farmed populations of Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in the Brazilian Amazon: regional discrepancies in farming systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1439-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Aguiar ◽  
Horacio Schneider ◽  
Fatima Gomes ◽  
Jeferson Carneiro ◽  
Simoni Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
The West ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
History Of

The tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, is the most popular fish species used for aquaculture in Brazil but there is no study comparing genetic variation among native and farmed populations of this species. In the present study, we analyzed DNA sequences of the mitochondrial DNA to evaluate the genetic diversity among two wild populations, a fry-producing breeding stock, and a sample of fish farm stocks, all from the region of Santarém, in the west of the Brazilian state of Pará. Similar levels of genetic diversity were found in all the samples and surprisingly the breeding stock showed expressive representation of the genetic diversity registered on wild populations. These results contrast considerably with those of the previous study of farmed stocks in the states of Amapá, Pará, Piauí, and Rondônia, which recorded only two haplotypes, indicating a long history of endogamy in the breeding stocks used to produce fry. The results of the two studies show two distinct scenarios of tambaqui farming in the Amazon basin, which must be better evaluated in order to guarantee the successful expansion of this activity in the region, and the rest of Brazil, given that the tambaqui and its hybrids are now farmed throughout the country.

scholarly journals Population structure and genetic diversity analysis in Sali (Oryza sativa) rice germplasm of Assam using microsatellite markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Sandhani Saikia ◽  
Pratap Jyoti Handique ◽  
Mahendra K Modi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Improvement Programs

Genetic diversity is the source of novel allelic combinations that can be efficiently utilized in any crop improvement program. To facilitate future crop improvement programs in rice, a study was designed to identify the underlying genetic variations in the Sali rice germplasms of Assam using SSR markers. The 129 SSR markers that were used in the study amplified a total of 765 fragments with an average of 5.93 alleles per locus. The Shannon's Information Index was found to be in the range from 0.533 to 1.786. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) fell into the range from 0.304 to 0.691 with a mean value of 0.55. The overall FST value was found to be 0.519 that indicated the presence of genetic differentiation amongst the genotypes used in the study. The Sali population was divided into two clusters. The information obtained from the present study will facilitate the genetic improvement of Sali rice cultivars.

scholarly journals DNA BARCODING USING COI GENE SEQUENCES OF WILD BETTA FIGHTING FISH FROM INDONESIA: PHYLOGENY, STATUS AND DIVERSITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Melta R. Fahmi ◽  
Eni Kusrini ◽  
Erma P. Hayuningtiyas ◽  
Shofihar Sinansari ◽  
Rudhy Gustiano
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Tree Construction ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Blast Program

The wild betta fish is a potential ornamental fish export commodity normally caught by traders or hobbyists in the wild. However, the population of wild betta in nature has declined and become a threat for their sustainability. This research was conducted to analyze the genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and molecular identification through DNA COI gene sequence of Indonesian wild betta fish. A total of 92 wild betta fish specimens were collected in this study. Amplification of COI genes was carried out using Fish F1, Fish R1, Fish F2, and Fish R2 primers. The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed using MEGA version 5 software program. Species identification of the specimen was conducted using BLAST program with 98-100% similarity value of the DNA sequences to indicate the same species. Phylogenetic tree construction showed seven monophyletic clades and showed that Betta smaragdina was the ancestral species of genus Betta in Indonesian waters. Genetic distance among species ranged from 0.02 to 0.30, whereas intra-species genetic distance ranged from 0 to 6.54.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Myanmar Rice Cultivars Detected by DNA markers

10.5109/9227 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Ohm Mar Saw ◽  
Kazuyuki Doi ◽  
Aye Khin ◽  
Kenji Irie ◽  
Atsushi Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rice Cultivars

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians, the Causal Agent of Bacterial Leafspot of Lettuce

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeri D. Barak ◽  
Robert L. Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Dna Probe ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Geographical Regions

Bacterial leafspot of lettuce (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas campes-tris pv. vitians, has become more prevalent in many lettuce-growing areas of the world over the past decade. To gain insight into the nature of these outbreaks, the genetic variation in X. campestris pv. vitians strains from different geographical locations was examined. All strains were first tested for pathogenicity on lettuce plants, and then genetic diversity was assessed using (i) gas-chromatographic analysis of bacterial fatty acids, (ii) polymerase chain reaction analysis of repetitive DNA sequences (rep-PCR), (iii) DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS1) of the ribosomal RNA, (iv) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of total genomic DNA with a repetitive DNA probe, and (v) detection and partial characterization of plasmid DNA. Fatty acid analysis identified all pathogenic strains as X. campestris, but did not consistently identify all the strains as X. campestris pv. vitians. The rep-PCR fingerprints and ITS1 sequences of all pathogenic X. campestris pv. vitians strains examined were identical, and distinct from those of the other X. campestris pathovars. Thus, these characteristics did not reveal genetic diversity among X. campestris pv. vitians strains, but did allow for differentiation of X. campestris pathovars. Genetic diversity among X. campestris pv. vitians strains was revealed by RFLP analysis with a repetitive DNA probe and by characterization of plasmid DNA. This diversity was greatest among strains from different geographical regions, although diversity among strains from the same location also was detected. The results of this study suggest that these X. campestris pv. vitians strains are not clonal, but comprise a relatively homogeneous group.

Genealogical relationship inference to identify areas of intensive poaching of the Orange-fronted Parakeet (Eupsittula canicularis)

BMC Zoology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Padilla-Jacobo ◽  
Tiberio C. Monterrubio-Rico ◽  
Horacio Cano-Camacho ◽  
María Guadalupe Zavala-Páramo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Central American ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genealogical Relationship ◽  
Genetic Pool

Abstract Background The Orange-fronted Parakeet (Eupsittula canicularis) is the Mexican psittacine that is most captured for the illegal pet trade. However, as for most wildlife exploited by illegal trade, the genetic diversity that is extracted from species and areas of intensive poaching is unknown. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 80 E. canicularis parakeets confiscated from the illegal trade and estimated the level of extraction of genetic diversity by poaching using the mitochondrial DNA sequences of cytochrome b (Cytb). In addition, we analyzed the genealogical and haplotypic relationships of the poached parakeets and sampled wild populations in Mexico, as a strategy for identifying the places of origin of poached parakeets. Results Poached parakeets showed high haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.842) and low nucleotide diversity (Pi = 0.00182). Among 22 haplotypes identified, 18 were found exclusively in 37 individuals, while four were detected in the remaining 43 individuals and shared with the wild populations. A rarefaction and extrapolation curve revealed that 240 poached individuals can include up to 47 haplotypes and suggested that the actual haplotype richness of poached parakeets is higher than our analyses indicate. The geographic locations of the four haplotypes shared between poached and wild parakeets ranged from Michoacan to Sinaloa, Mexico. However, the rare haplotypes detected in poached parakeets were derived from a recent genetic expansion of the species that has occurred between the northwest of Michoacan and the coastal region of Colima, Jalisco and southern Nayarit, Mexico. Conclusions Poached parakeets showed high genetic diversity, suggesting high extraction of the genetic pool of the species in central Mexico. Rarefaction and extrapolation analyses suggest that the actual haplotype richness in poached parakeets is higher than reflected by our analyses. The poached parakeets belong mainly to a very diverse genetic group of the species, and their most likely origin is between northern Michoacan and southern Nayarit, Mexico. We found no evidence that poachers included individuals from Central American international trafficking with individuals from Mexico in the sample.

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