scholarly journals A wheat-Aegilops umbellulata addition line improves wheat agronomic traits and processing quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuye Du ◽  
Zhenzhen Jia ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Bingjie Che ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Aegilops Umbellulata

scholarly journals Chromosomal Localization of Genes Conferring Desirable Agronomic Traits from Wheat-Agropyron cristatum Disomic Addition Line 5113

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e0165957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Li ◽  
Yuqing Lu ◽  
Cuili Pan ◽  
Miaomiao Yao ◽  
Jinpeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Localization ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Disomic Addition Line

Incorporation of restoring gene of Aegilops umbellulata into wheat

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Qiang Ma ◽  
Yin-Hai Zhao ◽  
Da-Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Aegilops Umbellulata ◽  
Alien Gene ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Type Chromosome ◽  
Heterozygous Translocation

Six 'Chinese Spring' – Aegilops umbellulata Zhuk. addition lines (UAD, UBD, UCD, UDD, UED, and UFM) were assayed for their effects on the fertility of timopheevi cytoplasm male sterile lines (T-type). Chromosome 6U of disomic addition line UAD was found to be able to restore the fertility of T-type male sterility and 'Chinese Spring' was verified to lack restoring genes, indicating that 6U carries at least one fertility restoration gene. From about 200 plants with 42 somatic chromosomes derived from the progeny of crosses Qu Xian Early A × UAD and Sumai No. 3 A × UAD, eight self-fertile plants were selected. Their self-fertility in timopheevi cytoplasm implies that they carry the restoring gene(s) from 6U. Cytological analysis was conducted on the hybrid F1 of the selected fertile plants (040-5, 060-1, and 061-4) as female parents crossed with 'Chinese Spring'. The self-fertility segregation and the chromosome pairing of pollen mother cells of F1 fertile plants from 040-5, 060-1, and 061-4 × 'Chinese Spring' during meiosis suggested that they were heterozygous translocation lines with restoring gene(s) from 6U.Key words: Aegilops umbellulata Zhuk., restoring genes, alien gene transfer, timopheevi cytoplasmic male sterile fertility, Triticum aestivum L.

Isolation and characterization of a wheat – Psathyrostachys huashanica ‘Keng’ 3Ns disomic addition line with resistance to stripe rust

Genome ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanli Du ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yuhui Pang ◽  
Liangming Wang ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Psathyrostachys Huashanica ◽  
Disomic Addition Line ◽  
Multiple Loci ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Alien Chromatin

We isolated a wheat germplasm line, 22-2, which was derived from common wheat (Triticum aestivum ‘7182’) and Psathyrostachys huashanica ‘Keng’ (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs). Genomic composition and homoeologous relationships of 22-2 was analyzed using cytology, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), EST–SSR, and EST–STS to characterize the alien chromatin in the transfer line. The cytological investigations showed that the chromosome number and configuration were 2n = 44 = 22 II. Mitotic and meiotic GISH using P. huashanica genomic DNA as the probe indicated that 22-2 contained a pair of P. huashanica chromosomes. The genomic affinities of the introduced P. huashanica chromosomes were determined by EST–SSR and EST–STS using multiple-loci markers from seven wheat homoeologous groups between the parents and addition line. One EST–SSR and 17 EST–STS markers, which were located on the homoeologous group 3 chromosomes of wheat, amplified polymorphic bands in 22-2 that were unique to P. huashanica. Thus, these markers suggested that the introduced Ns chromosome pair belonged to homoeologous group 3, so we designated 22-2 as a 3Ns disomic addition line. Based on disease reaction to mixed races (CYR31, CYR32, and Shuiyuan14) of stripe rust in the adult stages, 22-2 was found to have high resistance to stripe rust, which was possibly derived from its P. huashanica parent. Consequently, the new disomic addition line 22-2 could be a valuable donor source for wheat improvement depending on the excellent agronomic traits, especially, the introduction of novel disease resistance genes into wheat during breeding programs.

De novo balanced complex chromosome rearrangements involving chromosomes 1B and 3B of wheat and 1R of rye

Genome ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 1076-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianheng Ren ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Benju Yan ◽  
Feiquan Tan ◽  
Zongxiang Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Chromosome Rearrangements ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
Complex Chromosome

Complex chromosome rearrangements (CCRs) are defined as structural abnormalities involving more than two chromosome breaks, coupled with exchanges of chromosomal segments. Information on CCRs in plants is limited. In the present study, a plant (26-4) harboring translocation chromosomes 1RS.1BL and 4RS.4DL was selected from a double monosomic (1R and 4R) addition line, which was derived from the hybrid between wheat cultivar MY11 and a Chinese local rye variety. The genome of the plant with double alien translocation chromosomes in the monosomic form showed more instability than that harboring a single translocation. The CCRs involving chromosomes 1RS.1BL and 3B, which were generated de novo in this plant, showed double monosomic translocation chromosomes. A new CCR line with balanced reciprocal translocations 1RS.3BL and 3BS.1BL was developed, which presented normal morphological traits of wheat and underwent rapid growth in the field. A new 1RS.1BL translocation line was also selected from the progeny of plant 26-4. The CCRs and simple 1RS.1BL translocation lines showed significant improvement in grain yield, number of spikes per square meter, kernel number per spike, and resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew. The CCR line exhibited better agronomic traits and adult plant resistance in the field than its sister line, which harbored a simple 1RS.1BL translocation. The CCRs are remarkable genetic resources for crop improvement.

scholarly journals Development and Molecular Cytogenetic Identification of a New Wheat–Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng Translocation Line Resistant to Powdery Mildew

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxiu Liu ◽  
Shuhua Huang ◽  
Jing Han ◽  
Chenchen Hou ◽  
Dasheng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Psathyrostachys Huashanica ◽  
Distant Hybridization

Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng, a wild relative of common wheat with many desirable traits, is an invaluable source of genetic material for wheat improvement. Few wheat–P. huashanica translocation lines resistant to powdery mildew have been reported. In this study, a wheat–P. huashanica line, E24-3-1-6-2-1, was generated via distant hybridization, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis, and backcross breeding. A chromosome karyotype of 2n = 44 was observed at the mitotic stage in E24-3-1-6-2-1. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis revealed four translocated chromosomes in E24-3-1-6-2-1, and P. huashanica chromosome-specific marker analysis showed that the alien chromosome fragment was from the P. huashanica 4Ns chromosome. Moreover, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis demonstrated that reciprocal translocation had occurred between the P. huashanica 4Ns chromosome and the wheat 3D chromosome; thus, E24-3-1-6-2-1 carried two translocations: T3DS·3DL-4NsL and T3DL-4NsS. Translocation also occurred between wheat chromosomes 2A and 4A. At the adult stage, E24-3-1-6-2-1 was highly resistant to powdery mildew, caused by prevalent pathotypes in China. Further, the spike length, numbers of fertile spikelets, kernels per spike, thousand-kernel weight, and grain yield of E24-3-1-6-2-1 were significantly higher than those of its wheat parent 7182 and addition line 24-6-3-1. Thus, this translocation line that is highly resistant to powdery mildew and has excellent agronomic traits can be used as a novel promising germplasm for breeding resistant and high-yielding cultivars.

Relation of grain protein content and some agronomic traits in European cultivars of winter wheat

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mladenov ◽  
B. Banjac ◽  
A. Krishna ◽  
M. Milošević
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein

Relationships between HMW-GS GluA1, GluB1 alleles and agronomic traits

Biologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Žilvinas Liatukas ◽  
Vytautas Ruzgas ◽  
Vanda Paplauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits

Agronomic performance of autumn- and winter-cropped Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in response to varying levels of nitrogen fertiliser

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Bent Al-Hoda Asghari ◽  
Mohsen Yousefi ◽  
Katarzyna Możdżeń ◽  
Joanna Puła ◽  
Peiman Zandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern) cultivation is suggested for regions with short seasons and low rainfall. Although there have been many studies conducted on agronomic production of mustard in Iran, the information regarding the interactive impact of cropping seasons and nitrogen fertiliser on growth characteristics and yield quality of mustard plant is still insufficient and requires further investigation. This study focused on the possible implications of different cropping seasons and different nitrogen levels on selected agronomic traits in mustard. In this experiment, five different doses of nitrogen and two sowing periods were used to assess for their combined effects on the growth parameters, seed yield and agronomic characteristics of mustard in the semi-arid climatic conditions of Takestan. The results revealed that cultivation seasons and nitrogen rates had a significant effect on plant height, biomass yield, number of siliques per plant, seed oil content and seed yield.

Yield performance with heritability measurements of half sib families obtained from maize variety Azam

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Faizan Mahmood, Hidayat- Ur-Rahman, Nazir Ahmad ◽  
Fahim-ul- Haq ◽  
Samrin Gul, Quaid Hussain ◽  
Ammara Khalid ◽  
Touheed Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Sib Families

This study evaluated the performance of 64 half sib families (HSF) derived from “Azam” variety of maize using partially balanced lattice square design with two replications. Data were recorded on grain yield and other agronomic traits. Observations showed difference in half-sib families for studied traits. Among the 64 half-sib families, minimum days to 50% tasseling (51 days) were observed for HS-49 while maximum (57 days) for HS-63. Minimum days to 50% silking (56 days) were counted for HS-6 while maximum (63 days) for HS-23. Minimum days to 50% anthesis (55 days) were counted for HS-1 and HS-6 while maximum (62 days) for HS-23. Similarly, minimum ASI (-2 days) were observed in HS-1, HS-15, HS-16, HS-28 and HS-63 while maximum (2 days) in HS-48. Minimum (60 cm) ear height was recorded for HS-11 and maximum (93.5 cm) for HS-28. Minimum fresh ear weight (1.3 kg) was weighted for HS-17 while maximum (3.2 kg) for HS-21. Grain moisture was recorded minimum (19.35 %) for HS-19 and maximum (31.25%) for HS-2. HS-42 showed minimum (28 g) 100 kernel weight while HS-5 showed maximum (47 g). Grain yield was minimum (2323 kg ha-1) for HS-17 and maximum (5742 kg ha-1) for HS-21. Maximum heritability estimate (0.92) was recorded for fresh ear weight, while minimum (0.41) was observed for ear height.

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