scholarly journals Semiosis and pragmatism: Toward a dynamic concept of meaning

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-65
Author(s):  
João Queiroz ◽  
Floyd Merrell
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
The World ◽  
Extended Dynamic ◽  
Pragmatic Philosophy

Philosophers and social scientists of diverse orientations have suggested that the pragmatics of semiosis is germane to a dynamic account of meaning as process. Semiosis, the central focus of C. S. Peirce’s pragmatic philosophy, may hold a key to perennial problems regarding meaning. Indeed, Peirce’s thought should be deemed seminal when placed within the cognitive sciences, especially with respect to his concept of the sign. According to Peirce’s pragmatic model, semiosis is a triadic, time-bound, context-sensitive, interpreter-dependent, materially extended dynamic process. Semiosis involves inter-relatedness and inter-action between signs, their objects, acts and events in the world, and the semiotic agents who are in the process of making and taking them.

Realism and Poetry

2019 ◽  
pp. 485-505
Author(s):  
Jonathan N. Barron
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
American Poetry ◽  
Robert Frost ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
New Science ◽  
The World ◽  
Poetic Realism ◽  
American Cities ◽  
Sara Teasdale ◽  
Pragmatic Philosophy

American poetic realism still remains a largely unknown and untold story. Although it came to American poetry relatively late by comparison with fiction, the typical American realist poem has a distinctive nexus combining theme, diction, and style. Chief among the first American realists are Robert Frost, Edgar Lee Masters, Carl Sandburg, and Sara Teasdale. Specifically, realist poetry expresses a pragmatic philosophy rejecting the individual’s location in the world as something knowable, fixed, and stable. Realist poets reject as amoral and quietist the commitment to beauty for the sake of beauty and tend toward virtues associated with masculinity. Their poetry rejects generic nouns in favor of particulars and depicts recognizable contemporary landscapes and, above all, contemporary American cities such as Chicago, Boston, or New York. It emphasizes the interior space of the self as revealed by the new science of psychology. It also focuses on the living idiom of talk and speech rather than a “literary” language.

Constructive realism: In defense of the objective reality of perspectives

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Madzia
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Constructive Realism ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Epistemological Position ◽  
Epistemological Realism

AbstractThe paper proposes an outline of a reconciliatory approach to the perennial controversy between epistemological realism and anti-realism (constructionism). My main conceptual source in explaining this view is the philosophy of pragmatism, more specifically, the epistemological theories of George H. Mead, John Dewey, and also William James’ radical empiricism. First, the paper analyzes the pragmatic treatment of the goal-directedness of action, especially with regard to Mead’s notion of attitudes, and relates it to certain contemporary epistemological theories provided by the cognitive sciences (Maturana, Rizzolatti, Clark). Against this background, the paper presents a philosophical as well as empirical justification of why we should interpret the environment and its objects in terms of possibilities for action. In Mead’s view, the objects and events of our world emerge within stable patterns of organism-environment interactions, which he called “perspectives”. According to pragmatism as well as the aforementioned cognitive scientists, perception and other cognitive processes include not only neural processes in our heads but also the world itself. Elaborating on Mead’s concept of perspectives, the paper argues in favor of the epistemological position called “constructive realism.”

scholarly journals Reclaiming the Commons: Law, Rhetoric, and C.S. Peirce’s Pragmatic Philosophy

2020 ◽  
pp. 174387212093593
Author(s):  
Sarah Hakimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
The World ◽  
Legal Legitimacy ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Pragmatic Philosophy

This article returns to C.S. Peirce’s pragmatic philosophy and Roberta Kevelson’s law and semiotics framework in order to propose a theory of justice that is rooted in rhetoric and the community’s evolving sense of legal legitimacy. It argues that this community is best conceptualized as part of the commons, the basis for a governance paradigm that is newly emerging from the world of activism. After providing an overview of the theory, it describes two promising litigation efforts designed to reclaim the commons from privatization.

Psychology Within and Without the State

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Clark Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychological Similarity

Psychological research in small-scale societies is crucial for what it stands to tell us about human psychological diversity. However, people in these communities, typically Indigenous communities in the global South, have been underrepresented and sometimes misrepresented in psychological research. Here I discuss the promises and pitfalls of psychological research in these communities, reviewing why they have been of interest to social scientists and how cross-cultural comparisons have been used to test psychological hypotheses. I consider factors that may be undertheorized in our research, such as political and economic marginalization, and how these might influence our data and conclusions. I argue that more just and accurate representation of people from small-scale communities around the world will provide us with a fuller picture of human psychological similarity and diversity, and it will help us to better understand how this diversity is shaped by historical and social processes. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Social Assessment and Resettlement Policies and Practice in China: Contributions by Michael M Cernea to Development in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-344
Author(s):  
Guoqing Shi ◽  
Fangmei Yu ◽  
Chaogang Wang
Keyword(s):  
International Symposium ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Assessment ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Academic Conferences

AbstractWe are very pleased to contribute to this volume to express our appreciation for the collaboration with the community of social scientists, sociologists and anthropologists, working at the World Bank. Chinese social scientists joined forces with them on essential activities: development projects, research programs, academic conferences, training courses, and joint books. One of us, Guoqing Shi, has participated in the international symposium in Bieberstein, Germany, where this volume has originated.

scholarly journals Halfway up the highway: Can Nepal meet its Health Millennium Development Goals?

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (173) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Vaidya ◽  
N Jha
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Trap ◽  
World Community ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Key Words Development ◽  
Development Goals

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are international objectives on poverty reduction adopted by the world community and provide the broad context for this revolution in thinking and practice. The MDGs place a central focus on public health, in recognition of the fact that improvements in public health are vital not only in their own right but also to break the poverty trap of the world's poorest economies. Nepal has been committed to achieving the MDGs since it endorsed the Millennium Declaration. As we have at present just passed the midway through the 15 years to MDGs deadline of 2015, this article reviews the status of Nepal in achieving the MDGs, the challenges it faces and whether it can achieve the MDGs by 2015.Key words: development, goals, health, millennium, Nepal

scholarly journals Conservation of Plants and Trees in the Light of Prophetic Teachings

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-84
Author(s):  
Sumaira Nawaz ◽  
Dr. Shah Moeen ud Din Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
The World ◽  
Ecological Problems

Article endeavors to analyze the prophetic guiding principles regarding human behaviors related to plants and trees being an important component of our environment. The discussion mainly deals with the key environmental issues emphasizing plantation and its significance for balancing the equilibrium of the environment. Additionally, it thrashes out that humans are urged to seedling the plantation even the world is to be ended in Islam. The present study is delimited to the present ecological crises faced by society and a great challenge to the globe. The current ecological problems i.e global warming and climate change are interpreted just to analyze the environmental behaviors in Hadith literature. However, a profundity descriptive study has been conducted in the most influential way to examine the prophetic rules for human behaviors related to trees and plants being environment friendly. Furthermore, the existing practices of humans related to such an environmental sphere also been aptly figure out to highlight all possible ways in the light of prophetic guidance to deal with prevailing environmental issues. Inconsistency between religious teachings and human behaviors need the keen interest of religious scholars and social scientists to carefully harmonize both for maintaining the ecological balance in nature.

Why social scientists still need phenomenology

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 072551362110643
Author(s):  
Christopher Houston
Keyword(s):  
Social Scientist ◽  
Pierre Bourdieu ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Natural Attitude ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Suspension Of Disbelief ◽  
Do So ◽  
Critical Science

Pierre Bourdieu famously dismissed phenomenology as offering anything useful to a critical science of society – even as he drew heavily upon its themes in his own work. This paper makes a case for why Bourdieu’s judgement should not be the last word on phenomenology. To do so it first reanimates phenomenology’s evocative language and concepts to illustrate their continuing centrality to social scientists’ ambitions to apprehend human engagement with the world. Part II shows how two crucial insights of phenomenology, its discovery of both the natural attitude and of the phenomenological epoche, allow an account of perception properly responsive to its intertwined personal and collective aspects. Contra Bourdieu, the paper’s third section asserts that phenomenology’s substantive socio-cultural analysis simultaneously entails methodological consequences for the social scientist, reversing their suspension of disbelief vis-à-vis the life-worlds of interlocutors and inaugurating the suspension of belief vis-à-vis their own natural attitudes.

Sound Quality

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Mads Walther-Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Language Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Source Of Information

The chapter takes a closer look at sonic concepts and the relevant major strands of research in the cognitive sciences. The chapter explores the ways in which the cognitive processing of sound is a multimodal task that extends into the world via language, technology, and actions. The main source of information in this study consists of cognitive metaphors reflected in written accounts, but the chapter also outlines nonlinguistic realizations of sound quality such as visual metaphors (e.g., graphical user interfaces) and enacted metaphors (e.g., bodily actions). The transition from analog mixing boards to digital ones that maintain the actions and look of the first-generation models is explored in the context of the SIGNAL FLOW metaphor. Finally, the schematic function of force metaphors in sound production is covered.

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