scholarly journals UV Effect on Germ Cell Determinant and a Proposed Scheme for Germ Cell Formation Process in Embryos of Xenopus laevis

1976 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEN-ICHI IJIRI
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Germ Cell Formation

Stage-sensitivity and dose—response curve of u.v. effect on germ cell formation in embryos of Xenopus laevis

Development ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-623
Author(s):  
Ken-Ichi Ijiri
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Dose Response Curve ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Germ Cell Formation

Ultraviolet light (u.v.) irradiation of the vegetal hemisphere of Xenopus laevis eggs resulted in the elimination of primordial germ cells in tadpoles. Quantitative studies were performed on this phenomenon. The stage sensitivity to u.v. in activation of germ cell formation was obtained for the early developmental stages ranging from immediately after fertilization to small cell blastula. It was found that u.v. irradiation at the stage immediately after fertilization was more injurious than irradiation at the beginning of the first cleavage. After deciding optimal conditions for this u.v. irradiation experiment, a dose-response curve of the phenomenon was obtained. It showed a good agreement with the theoretical expectation, which the authors had previously presented.

scholarly journals Human germ cell formation in xenotransplants of induced pluripotent stem cells carrying X chromosome aneuploidies

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia A. Dominguez ◽  
H. Rosaria Chiang ◽  
Meena Sukhwani ◽  
Kyle E. Orwig ◽  
Renee A. Reijo Pera
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Germ Cell Formation

OVARIAN TERATOMAS AND GENETICS OF GERM-CELL FORMATION

The Lancet ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 309 (8007) ◽  
pp. 362-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Riley ◽  
P.M. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Germ Cell Formation ◽  
Ovarian Teratomas

scholarly journals Germ Cell-less Promotes Centrosome Segregation to Induce Germ Cell Formation

Cell Reports ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy A. Lerit ◽  
Conrad W. Shebelut ◽  
Kristen J. Lawlor ◽  
Nasser M. Rusan ◽  
Elizabeth R. Gavis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Germ Cell Formation

207 ESTABILSHMENT OF CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY EMBRYONIC STEM CELL LINES AND CONFIRMATION OF THE POSSIBILITY FOR GERMINAL COMPETENCY

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
T. Teramura ◽  
N. Kawata ◽  
N. Fujinami ◽  
M. Takenoshita ◽  
N. Sagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkey ◽  
Primordial Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Alp Activity ◽  
Weak Expression ◽  
Germ Cell Formation

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) of nonhuman primate are important tools for human gametogenesis research. Generally, ESCs, embryos, and fetuses of nonhuman primates are similar to these of human. Recently, germ cell formation of mouse ESCs in vitro has been reported. In this study, we established new cynomolgus monkey ES (cyES) lines and determined germinal competency by assessing expression of mRNA markers. CyES lines were established using blastocysts produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). For inducing super-ovulation, females were treated with 25 IU/kg pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) once a day for 9 days, followed by 400 IU/kg hCG. Oocytes were collected 40 h after injection of hCG. After sperm injection, embryos were cultured in mCMRL medium to the blastocyst stage. For ES line establishment, inner cell masses (ICMs) were isolated by immunosurgery. ESC colonies emerged at about 10 days after ICM plating; three cyES cell lines were successfully obtained (3/11; 27.3%). We characterized these lines by immunocytochemistry for Oct-3/4, SSEA-3, and SSEA-4, which are diagnostic markers for primate ESCs, and by assay for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. All cell lines expressed Oct-3/4, SSEA-4 and ALP activity. The previously reported SSEA-3 weak expression in cyES cells was not observed. These lines differentiated spontaneously when they were replaced in non-adherent culture (embryoid body: EB) or injected into SCID mice subcutaneously. To assess germ cell competency in vitro, we analyzed for the presence of vasa mRNA which shows a restricted expression pattern to germ cell formation, and DMC1 and SYCP1 which show specific existence on synaptonema complex in meiosis. Detection of these germ cell markers was performed by RT-PCR with total cDNA from ESCs and EBs. Nanog mRNA was detected only in ESCs. Oct-4 was detected in gonadal tissue of both sexes, ESCs, and EBs. Vasa was expressed in testis, but not in ESCs or somatic cells. Interestingly, we recognized weak expression of Vasa in Day 12-16 EBs. DMC1 and SYCP1 as meiosis markers were not detected. Because Oct-4 and Vasa mRNA are transcribed simultaneously, similar to that in the early part of gametogenesis such as the latter period of primordial germ cell (PGC) migration, PGC formation in cynomolgus EBs could occurr as in some cases of mouse or human EBs previously reported. Although detailed properties such as the functions of these Vasa-positive cells have not been confirmed, these results demonstrate that cyES cells obtained in the current study might contribute to putative germ cells in vitro by differentiating to EBs. This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for the 21st Century COE Program of the Japan Mext and by a grant for the Wakayama Prefecture Collaboration of Regional Entities for the Advancement of Technology Excellence of the JST.

Germ cell regeneration-mediated, enhanced mutagenesis in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis reveals flexible germ cell formation from different somatic cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 423 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keita Yoshida ◽  
Akiko Hozumi ◽  
Nicholas Treen ◽  
Tetsushi Sakuma ◽  
Takashi Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Ciona Intestinalis ◽  
Cell Regeneration ◽  
Germ Cell Formation
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