scholarly journals The nematode assemblage as a tool for the assessment of marine ecological quality status: a case-study in the Central Adriatic Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. SEMPRUCCI ◽  
M. MORENO ◽  
S. SBROCCA ◽  
M. ROCCHI ◽  
G. ALBERTELLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
Nematode Assemblage ◽  
The Impact

Free-living nematodes are efficiently used as bio-indicators of anthropogenic disturbance in marine ecosystems. Among various criteria, functional traits may represent useful tools for monitoring environmental impact in coastal areas. A study of nematode assemblages was carried out in three locations of the Central Adriatic Sea (Italy), one at the mouth of the Foglia River (Baia Flaminia) and two enclosed in the Monte San Bartolo Natural Park (Monte Brisighella and Fiorenzuola di Focara). Taxonomic composition and the functional traits of the nematode assemblage revealed a possible influence of the organic load of the Foglia River. Biotic data, as well as environmental parameters, suggested a particularly negative impact of the river on the assemblage at Baia Flaminia. Here, the increasing impact of the river led to a rise in the relative abundance of r-strategist genera like Chromadora, Sabatieria and Viscosia. Poor ecological conditions were also present at Brisighella, where the river might exert its influence due to the presence of long shore currents. In contrast, the results revealed that the best ecological quality was at Fiorenzuola di Focara, where the impact of anthropogenic activities was generally irrelevant. This study documents how nematodes can be used as an early warning indicator with which to monitor the health quality of vulnerable littoral areas.

scholarly journals Effects of human disturbance on the mongoose lemur Eulemur mongoz in Comoros: implications and potential for the conservation of a Critically Endangered species

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakri Nadhurou ◽  
Roberta Righini ◽  
Marco Gamba ◽  
Paola Laiolo ◽  
Ahmed Ouledi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group Size And Composition

AbstractThe decline of the mongoose lemur Eulemur mongoz has resulted in a change of its conservation status from Vulnerable to Critically Endangered. Assessing the current threats to the species and the attitudes of the people coexisting with it is fundamental to understanding whether and how human impacts may affect populations. A questionnaire-based analysis was used to study the impact of agriculture and other subsistence activities, and local educational initiatives, on lemur abundance, group size and composition in the Comoros. On the islands of Mohéli and Anjouan we recorded 214 lemurs in 63 groups, the size and composition of which depended both on environmental parameters and the magnitude and type of anthropogenic pressure. There was no evidence of an impact of anthropogenic disturbance on abundance. In contrast, group size and composition were sensitive to human impacts. The most important threats were conflicts related to crop raiding, as well as illegal capture and hunting. The promotion of educational activities reduced the negative impact of hunting and illegal activities. These results highlight a need for urgent conservation measures to protect the species.

scholarly journals Wind exposure as a factor influencing the littoral macrozoobenthic community: a methodological approach and preliminary findings

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bielczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Wind Exposure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Macrozoobenthic Community

Abstract The aim of the work was to analyze the influence of wave activity on invertebrate fauna living in the littoral zone. For this purpose, an algorithm was developed to analyze spatial and meteorological data, calculating the values of fetch and wind exposure. The taxonomic composition of the fauna and the values of selected water quality indicators were analyzed against the background of varied wind exposure, trophy, and various habitats. A significant negative impact of wind exposure on the taxonomic variety of the macrozoobenthic community, the number of Coenagrionidae damselflies and Baetidae mayflies was found. It is difficult to separate the impact of waves on the fauna from the impact of other natural and anthropogenic factors, because those factors may also be affected by water movements. The tool produced as part of this work can also be used to further investigate the issue of impact of waves on all the communities living in the littoral zone.

scholarly journals The Role of Temperature on the Impact of Remediated Water towards Marine Organisms

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2148
Author(s):  
Francesca Coppola ◽  
Ana Bessa ◽  
Bruno Henriques ◽  
Tania Russo ◽  
Amadeu M. V. M. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Ruditapes Philippinarum ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
The Impact

Marine organisms are frequently exposed to pollutants, including trace metals, derived from natural and anthropogenic activities. In order to prevent environmental pollution, different approaches have been applied to remove pollutants from waste water and avoid their discharge into aquatic systems. However, organisms in their natural aquatic environments are also exposed to physico-chemical changes derived from climate change-related factors, including temperature increase. According to recent studies, warming has a negative impact on marine wildlife, with known effects on organisms physiological and biochemical performance. Recently, a material based on graphene oxide (GO) functionalized with polyethyleneimine (PEI) proved to be effective in the remediation of mercury (Hg) contaminated water. Nevertheless, no information is available on the toxic impacts of such remediated water towards aquatic systems, neither under actual nor predicted temperature conditions. For this, the present study assessed the toxicity of seawater, previously contaminated with Hg and remediated by GO-PEI, using the clam species Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to actual and a predicted temperature conditions. The results obtained demonstrated that seawater contaminated with Hg and/or Hg+GO-PEI induced higher toxicity in clams exposed to 17 and 22 °C compared to organisms exposed to remediated seawater at the same temperatures. Moreover, similar histological and biochemical results were observed between organisms exposed to control and remediated seawater, independently of the temperatures (17 and 21 °C), highlighting the potential use of GO-PEI to remediate Hg from seawater without significant toxicity issues to the selected marine species.

Temporal changes of the meiofaunal assemblage as a tool for the assessment of the ecological quality status

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Semprucci ◽  
C. Sbrocca ◽  
M. Rocchi ◽  
M. Balsamo
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Ecological Quality Status ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Shallow Basin ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
River Mouths ◽  
Quality Status

The Adriatic Sea, being a semi-closed and shallow basin, is more sensitive to anthropogenic impact than other areas of the Mediterranean Sea. Given the crucial role of meiofauna in the marine ecosystems, temporal series of data on this benthic assemblage are fundamental to give new insights into the health status of this basin. A data set (decade 2002–2012) on the meiofauna of two river mouths (Foglia and Metauro) close to a Natural Park (Monte San Bartolo, Central Adriatic Sea) has been analysed and related to several environmental parameters. In particular, changes in the meiofaunal structure, abundance and diversity have been investigated in order to evaluate possible variations of ecological quality status (EQS), in accordance with the Water Framework Directive. The structure of the meiofaunal assemblage appeared significantly different in the period studied, with a higher abundance of annelids in 2002 and an increase of nematodes in the following sampling campaigns. Among the faunal parameters, the Shannon and Pielou indices suggested a decline of the EQS over time, likely mainly due to the negative effect of chlorophyll-a peaks, which may highlight the influence of eutrophication phenomena and an enhancement of the organic matter supply. The lowering of the EQS of the study area suggests the need to intensify management and conservation efforts in the coastal systems, and supports the use of the meiofaunal assemblage as a useful bioindicator.

Impact of anthracene on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus lipid metabolism

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Calonne ◽  
J. Fontaine ◽  
D. Debiane ◽  
F. Laruelle ◽  
A. Grandmougin-Ferjani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
The Impact

Anthracene, a low-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) originating mainly from anthropogenic activities, represents one of the major persistent organic pollutants frequently detected in polluted soils. A few studies have reported the negative effect of PAH on the main steps of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) life cycle resulting from lipid peroxidation; however, little is known regarding the impact of anthracene on extraradical AMF lipid metabolism. Radiolabelling experiments showed significant decreases of [1-14C]acetate incorporation into the sterol precursors (4,4-dimethylsterols and 4α-methylsterols) and in the total phospholipids (PL) of Rhizophagus irregularis (Blaszk., Wubet, Renker & Buscot) extraradical mycelium when grown in the presence of anthracene. These findings suggested a slowing down of the sterol and total PL biosynthesis pathways in AMF treated with anthracene. The negative impact of the organic pollutant on AMF membrane lipid biosynthesis may explain the growth inhibition of the fungus after PAH exposure. This study increases the understanding of the biochemical mechanisms involved in PAH ecotoxicity on AMF.

scholarly journals Potency of Mangrove Apple (Sonneratia alba) as Mercury Bioindicator

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Reza Cordova ◽  
Fajar Dwi Maulana Eftiah ◽  
Neviaty Putri Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Mercury Accumulation ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
The Impact

The anthropogenic provide a negative impact on the surrounding environment. Mangrove species, such as Sonneratia alba would get the impact of anthropogenic activities, to accumulate the pollution of heavy metals. The aim of this study were to evaluate mercury accumulation in Mangrove Apple (S. alba) and to analyze mangrove apple potency as mercury bioindicator. Samples were taken in April 2016 at Pari Island, Seribu Islands by purposive sampling. The results showed that the highest concentration of Hg in the Northern of Pari Island was found in the leaves and the lowest was in the fruit. The highest concentration of Hg in the Eastern of Pari Island was found in the leaves and lowest was in the fruit. The concentrations of Hg in the Eastern area higher the Northern area (significantly different). The accumulation of Hg mainly collected on the leaves with TF> 1, but the ability of S. alba trees absorb Hg in the environment showed a small value, namely BCF <1. The ability of S. alba in sediments, contaminated with mercury showed a high value of the leaves in the East Pari Island, but the fruit of S. alba both in the North and East of the Pari Island showed a small value.  Mangrove Apple leaves has a potency as mercury bioindicator organ.

scholarly journals Sustainable urban development: the impact of an asphalt plant on the quality of atmospheric air

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 08012
Author(s):  
Olga Mezenina ◽  
Svetlana Maslennikova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Wind Rose ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

The development of industry, the use of various chemicals in technological processes, the large emissions of industrial enterprises, the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in agriculture have caused environmental pollution with harmful substances. Environmental protection is now becoming one of the economic problems and is an extremely urgent task of humanity. The purpose of this article is to present the main results of the study and analysis of atmospheric air pollution by the asphalt plant, which is located almost in the center of Yekaterinburg; to investigate the compliance of the existing hazard class of the enterprise, which increases its production volumes, to correct the size and location of the sanitary protection zone of the plant, taking into account the wind rose, and to try to propose a number of measures to reduce the negative impact of the plants in this industry. In considering the impact of anthropogenic activities on nature, attention should be paid to the concept of sustainable development, which carries principles based on the satisfaction of human needs, with a focus on caring for the well-being of future generations. If we consider the issue from the perspective of this concept, then the asphalt plant, in order to prevent possible environmental damage, should invest material and money to further minimize the amount of pollutants.

Histological Description and Histopathology in Polypedilum sp. (Diptera: Chironomidae): A Potential Biomarker for the Impact of Mining on Tributaries

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-372
Author(s):  
Rosa N Grueso-Gilaberth ◽  
Keiner S Jaramillo-Timarán ◽  
Erika M Ospina-Pérez ◽  
Vinicius S Richardi ◽  
Paula A Ossa-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Mining Pollution ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Neotropical region has a wide aquatic biodiversity, which is affected by anthropogenic activities. Mining has caused a negative impact on these ecosystems, directly affecting benthic communities. Aquatic macroinvertebrates are effective bioindicators of water quality, especially Chironomidae larvae, since these show high species richness, abundance, and sensitivity to human activities. The genus Polypedilum is among the most representative of the family Chironomidae. Research on these species is focused on their abundance and dominance in water bodies. In addition, several studies have addressed alterations in the external morphology of some Chironomidae due to mining pollution (heavy metals). However, little is known about the effects of mining on the internal morphology of these species. This study provides the first histological description of different systems and organs of Polypedilum sp. larvae. Furthermore, we report histopathological alterations in larvae collected from two tributaries affected by mining, namely Toldafría and La Elvira streams located in the municipalities of Villamaría and Manizales (Caldas – Colombia). Our findings show target organs of mining pollution in a species of Polypedilum, which represent potential early-warning histopathological biomarkers with relevant implications for water quality monitoring.

scholarly journals Change in ecological water quality of West Dvina River under the impact of urban waste water

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
V. M. Baitchorov ◽  
Y. G. Giginyak ◽  
M. D. Moroz ◽  
I. J. Giginyak ◽  
E. V. Korzun
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
River Ecosystems ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Purity

In determining the quality of surface waters and, first of all, rivers, along with physical and chemical pollution, the analysis of the hydrobiological component of river ecosystems is becoming increasingly important. The aim of the work was to assess the ecological quality of the river ecosystems from the impact of wastewater discharge from the cities of Vitebsk, Polotsk and Novopolotsk on the Western Dvina River based on the macrozoobenthos community. The studied river sections are inhabited by rare for Belarus and protected in Europe species of aquatic organisms. A relatively high abundance (from 30 to 80 %) of the group of rheophilic species Plecoptera, Ephemeroptera, and Trichoptera was noted, which represent the three highest priority indicator groups of aquatic organisms. Biotic indices and the water purity class of the r. Western Dvina were determined. In accordance with the EU Water Framework Directive, the water purity class at the studied stations has a good and high value. It is concluded that the negative impact of wastewater from the cities of Vitebsk, Polotsk and Novopolotsk has a very local significance and weakly affects the biota and the ecological quality of the water of the Western Dvina River already at a distance of 18 km. below the discharge of water from the treatment facilities of the Novopolotsk refinery.

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