scholarly journals Population structure and conservation status of the white gorgonian Eunicella singularis (Esper, 1791) in Tunisian waters (Central Mediterranean)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAOUIA GHANEM ◽  
JAMILA BEN SOUISSI ◽  
JEAN-BAPTISTE LEDOUX ◽  
CRISTINA LINARES ◽  
JOAQUIM GARRABOU
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Tunisian Population ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
Hard Bottom Communities ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
High Level

The white gorgonian, Eunicella singularis, is thriving in Mediterranean hard-bottom communities; however, data regarding its distribution and ecology remain absent and insufficient, particularly in the southern Mediterranean Sea.In this study, the population structure and disturbance levels of the most common gorgonian in Tunisia were assessed for the first time. During two years (2015-2016), a total of 818 colonies of E. singularis was surveyed in five coastal sites, by scuba diving, between 7 to 40 m depth. Collected data included density, colony height, and extent of injury. Mean population density was 11.91 ± 7.42 colonies per m2 (mean ± SD). Mean and maximum colony heights were 16.49 ± 5.59 cm and 51 cm, respectively. Among populations, mean extent of tissue injury differed considerably, ranging from 12.47% to 58.88% and most affected colonies showed old necrosis. These data regarding the demographic structure and level of injuries are needed to provide insights into the conservation status of the Tunisian population of E. singularis. Indeed, data on the amount of necrosis could highlight the strength of the colonies’ exposure to mechanical impacts and are consequently crucial to study changes in their demographic structure over time. In fact, the size, structures, and the high level of tissue necrosis of the colonies suggest a low conservation status of the studied Tunisian populations.

Boswellia socotrana: One or Two Taxa?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Lvončík ◽  
Radomír Řepka
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Socotra Island ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
Morphological Differences

There are seven endemic species of Boswellia Roxb. ex Colebr. on Socotra Island, Yemen. Boswellia socotrana Balf. f. is a culturally, economically, and ecologically important species on the island. The name Odina aspleniifolia Balf. f. has been considered as a synonym, but there are morphological differences between the two taxa sufficient to justify their distinction at subspecific rank. Therefore, O. aspleniifolia is transferred to Boswellia as B. socotrana subsp. aspleniifolia (Balf. f.) Lvončik. A lectotype is designated for O. aspleniifolia. The distribution and ecology of both subspecies are discussed, as is their conservation status.

scholarly journals Deep-Water Cartilaginous Fishes in the Central Mediterranean Sea: Comparison between Geographic Areas with Two Low Impact Tools for Sampling

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 686
Author(s):  
Angela Carluccio ◽  
Francesca Capezzuto ◽  
Porzia Maiorano ◽  
Letizia Sion ◽  
Gianfranco D’Onghia
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Cartilaginous Fish ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

Baited lander represents a low impact technique, an alternative to the traditional trawl sampling for collecting data on fish diversity and abundance, especially for threatened species such as Chondrichthyes living in sensitive habitats. In this study, distribution and abundance of cartilaginous fish were compared between two geographic areas, the southern Adriatic Sea and the north-western Ionian Sea, with two low impact sampling gears, an experimental bottom longline and a baited lander. Species diversity was evaluated by applying ecological indices and difference in mean abundances were tested using multivariate analysis. A total of 13 species of cartilaginous fish were collected. Significant differences in the assemblage recorded in the same area using different sampling tools were detected and no significant differences were detected among different areas explored with the same method. Using longline, the most abundant species collected in both areas was Galeus melastomus, while using lander, the most observed species were Dalatias licha in the southern Adriatic Sea and Hexanchus griseus in the north-western Ionian Sea. According to IUCN classification, of the 13 species collected, 2 are near threatened and 5 are threatened. A better governance of sensitive habitats coinciding with the essential fish habitat for these species would ensure them a better conservation status.

Mechanisms of Soft Tissue Injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oneida A. Arosarena ◽  
Issam N. Eid
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Soft Tissue Injury ◽  
Soft Tissue Injuries ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Tissue Injuries ◽  
Free Closure ◽  
High Level

AbstractSoft tissue trauma to the face is challenging to manage due to functional and aesthetic concerns. Management requires careful regional considerations to maintain function such as visual fields and oral competence in periorbital and perioral injuries, respectively. Basic wound management principles apply to facial soft tissue injuries including copious irrigation and tension-free closure. There is no consensus and high-level evidence for antibiotic prophylaxis especially in various bite injuries. Ballistic injuries and other mechanisms are briefly reviewed. Scar revision for soft tissue injuries can require multiple procedures and interventions. Surgery as well as office procedures such as resurfacing with lasers can be employed and will be reviewed.

scholarly journals Microsatellite genotyping from faeces of Lontra longicaudis from southern Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura I. Weber ◽  
Cintia G. Hildebrand ◽  
Anderson Ferreira ◽  
Gustavo Pedarassi ◽  
José A. Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
High Level ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
Lontra Longicaudis

A genetic study of the neotropical river otter Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818), which has an unknown conservation status, was carried out at the Taim Ecological Station and the margins of the Vargas stream, Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Faecal samples were collected, and DNA was extracted using a silica-guanidine method. Five microsatellite loci were amplified using PCR with heterologous primers previously described for Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758). Sixteen faecal samples out of 29 from Taim and 11 out of 14 from Vargas stream margins contained enough DNA for genetic analysis. A total of 49 different alleles were found at both localities, from which 18 were exclusively found in individuals from Taim and 17 were exclusives from Vargas individuals. The most common allele was the same at both locations for three loci (Lut715, Lut733, and Lut818). A high level of genetic diversity was found at both sites (NeTaim=4.1, HoTaim=0.299, HeTaim=0.681; NeVargas=4.9, HoVargas=0.355, HeVargas=0.724), being higher at the Vargas stream site. A high and significant level of heterozygote deficiency was observed at most loci according to the χ2 test. The homogeneity χ2 test (P<0.001) showed that there were significant differences in the allele frequencies between the two locations. Genotyping for more than one locus was possible in 81.5% of samples, from which only 37% were possible to genotype for more than three loci. A low degree of relatedness was found among individuals from Taim (R=0.055±0.310), but an even lower value of relatedness was found at the Vargas site (R= -0.285±0.440). The significant degree of differentiation (I=0.890; F ST=0.059) found between Taim and Vargas individuals suggests that there is more than one population of otters in the southern extreme of Brazil, which probably are associated with the water body systems found in this region, the Mirim and the Caiuvá/Flores/Mangueira Lagoons. The high genetic diversity and low relatedness found at the Vargas stream, lead us to believe that the Vargas stream may be acting as a corridor between these water bodies for otter dispersion.

scholarly journals First photographic evidence of Fishing Cat Prionailurus viverrinus Bennett, 1833 and Clouded Leopard Neofelis nebulosa Griffith, 1821 (Carnivora: Felidae) in Parsa National Park, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 13497-13501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank Poudel ◽  
Babu Ram Lamichhane ◽  
Santosh Bhattarai ◽  
Dipendra Adhikari ◽  
Chiranjibi Prasad Pokheral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Clouded Leopard ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Photographic Evidence ◽  
Neofelis Nebulosa ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
Wild Cats

Twelve cat species were recorded in Nepal including the largest, Tiger Panthera tigris, and the smallest, Rusty-spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus.  There is more research on the Panthera species than on small wild cats; consequently, the conservation status, distribution, and ecology of small cat species are poorly known.  In this article, we report on the first photographic evidence of Clouded Leopard Neofelis nebulosa and Fishing Cat Prionailurus viverrinus in Parsa National Park in southern central Nepal during a camera trap survey targeted at the tiger between 2014 and 2016.  There were only single detections of each species; this does not give enough information to establish distribution or conservation status of either of the species in Parsa National Park.  Further targeted surveys are needed to establish the significance of this protected area for the conservation of these two species.

scholarly journals Phytocoenology and Population Structure of Species of the Genus Malva L. in the Ganja-Gazakh Region (Azerbaijan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nasirovа
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Integral Characteristic ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Malva Sylvestris ◽  
Malva Parviflora ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of a study of the mallow genus — Malva L. characteristic of the meadow vegetation of the Ganja-Gazakh region of the Republic of Azerbaijan. From 11 species of the genus Malva L. distributed on the territory of Azerbaijan, 4 species (Malva sylvestris L., Malva nicaeensis All., Fl. Pedem, Malva pusilla Sm., Malva parviflora L.) are found in the Ganja-Gazakh region. The species M. parviflora was first identified by us in this territory. The species M. parviflora and M. sylvestris are not widely distributed in this territory. The structure of populations of M. pusilla and M. nicaeensis species was studied. 7 populations in which M. pusilla and M. nicaeensis species are distributed were phytocoenological evaluated. 3 cenopopulations in which the species M. nicaeensis is common were evaluated in different years. All groups of plant ontogenesis are found in the studied populations. It was found that in different years in the populations of these two species of the genus mallow, recovery is weak, and aging is intense. During the analysis of the population structure, reproduction indices — Ib and aging — Iq were determined, which are important population indicators. The integral characteristic of the demographic structure of M. pusilla and M. nicaeensis species is determined, the populations are estimated, the composition, age (height) and the degree of effectiveness of their ontogenesis are studied. The dynamics of changing ontogenesis in the cenopopulations of M. pusilla and M. nicaeensis species in various environmental conditions, depending on the positive or negative influence of its factors on the structure of ontogenesis, is revealed.

scholarly journals Resurrection of the Butterfly-winged Comber, Serranus papilionaceus Valenciennes, 1832 (Teleostei, Serranidae) and its phylogenetic position within genus Serranus

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1017 ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Adriana Vella ◽  
Noel Vella ◽  
Carolina Acosta-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Interspecific Divergence ◽  
Population Conservation ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Level

The family Serranidae is represented by 92 genera and 579 valid species, with the genus Serranus Cuvier, 1816, containing 30 species. In this study, specimens of Butterfly-winged Comber, Serranus papilionaceus Valenciennes, 1832, were collected from the Canary Islands and compared morphologically and genetically to Painted Comber, Serranus scriba (Linnaeus, 1758), from the Mediterranean Sea. Morphological differences, especially in the colour banding pattern, were corroborated by genetic differences in mitochondrial (COI and ND2) and nuclear (Rhod and PTR) markers. The mitochondrial DNA markers revealed a high level of divergence and no shared haplotypes between the two species (interspecific divergence: COI 4.31%; ND2 8.68%), and a phylogenetic analysis showed that these two species are closely related sister species sharing common ancestry. This study is therefore offering to resurrect S. papilionaceus Valenciennes, 1832 as a valid species increasing the number of eastern Atlantic Serranus species to 11. This should direct new species-specific research, including its population conservation status assessment across its distribution.

scholarly journals Population structure of an endemic fish Limia zonata (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliinae) in the Maimón River, Dominican Republic

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Patricia Torres-Pineda ◽  
Carlos M. Rodríguez-Peña ◽  
Óscar M. Lasso-Alcalá ◽  
Arlen Marmolejo
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Relative Condition Factor ◽  
Good State ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
The Relationship

 The population structure of Limia zonata (Nichols, 1915) was studied in four locations in the Maimón River, Monseñor Nouel province, Dominican Republic. The sex and adult-juveniles ratio was calculated for all sampled localities. It was found that the sex ratio of L. zonata was significantly different from 1: 1 and is biased towards females (1.0: 1.6). Juvenile fish were more abundant and frequent than adults (69.3%). More than 800 fish were measured and weighed to analyze the frequency of size classes, morphometry and body condition. Ten size classes were distinguished that vary in frequency according to sex. Total length of the specimens ranged from 6.50 to 65.69 mm, while weight varied between 0.004 and 3.941 g. The morphology varied between sexes and a pronounced sexual dimorphism was found. All the morphometric variables studied showed a high level of association (r). The adjustment of the regression models (r2) of the morphometric relationships was between 85% and 99%. The relationship between the standard length and the total weight was reflected in the rates of growth. The Relative Condition Factor (Kn) demonstrated the good state of health of this fish population, but also variations between the sexes were detected.

scholarly journals Overview on the distribution of gorgonian species in Tunisian marine coastal waters (central Mediterranean)

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raouia Ghanem ◽  
Emna Soufi Kechaou ◽  
Jamila Ben Souissi ◽  
Joaquim Garrabou
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Gorgonian Species ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
And Function

Gorgonian species play an important ecological role in the structure and function of marine communities. Human activities are negatively affecting the conservation status of gorgonian populations in the Mediterranean. Acquiring knowledge of gorgonian distribution is therefore a key step required to promote efficient management and conservation actions. However, information on the distribution of gorgonian species is lacking in many Mediterranean areas. This study aimed to provide an overview of the geographic and bathymetric distributions of gorgonians in the coastal waters of the Tunisian coast (1136 km). The sampling design encompassed three sectors, 27 localities and 87 sites. Information was collected from scuba diving (26 sites) and local ecological knowledge surveys of fishermen and divers (132 interviews), as well as from a literature review. Overall, the occurrence of eight gorgonians was confirmed at 54 out of the 87 sites surveyed in Tunisian coastal waters (7-120 m depth). The species that were found were Eunicella singularis, Eunicella cavolini, Paramuricea clavata, Paramuricea macrospina, Leptogorgia sarmentosa, Eunicella verrucosa, Corallium rubrum and Ellisella paraplexauroides. The highest gorgonian species richness and abundance was recorded in northern, followed by eastern Tunisian waters. In the southern areas only one species was recorded. This pattern was related to the rocky substrate that characterizes the northern and eastern coasts of Tunisia. This study is the first to report the occurrence of E. singularis, E. cavolini, E. verrucosa and Leptogorgia sarmentosa in northern and eastern Tunisian waters. The results are discussed in the hope of guiding future conservation and management actions for gorgonian assemblages in Tunisia.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in the mtDNA control region and population structure of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from selected Nigerian rivers: Implications for conservation and aquaculture

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvanus A. Nwafili ◽  
Tian-Xiang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Recent Population Expansion ◽  
Base Pair Fragment ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
High Level

Abstract The genetic diversity and population structure of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus were evaluated using a 443 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region. Among the eight populations collected comprising 129 individuals, a total of 89 polymorphic sites defined 57 distinct haplotypes. The mean haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the eight populations were 0.966±0.006 and 0.0359±0.004, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance showed significant genetic differentiation among the eight populations (FST =0.34; P < 0.01). The present results revealed that C. nigrodigitatus populations had a high level of genetic diversity and distinct population structures. We report the existence of two monophyletic matrilineal lineages with mean genetic distance of 10.5% between them. Non-significant negative Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs for more than half the populations suggests that the wild populations of C. nigrodigitatus underwent a recent population expansion, although a weak one since the late Pleistocene.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document