scholarly journals Potential effects of elevated temperature on seasonal movements in slipper lobsters, Scyllarides latus (Latreille, 1803), in the eastern Mediterranean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JASON SETH GOLDSTEIN ◽  
EHUD SPANIER
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Seasonal Movements ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thermal Preferences ◽  
Insight Into

Temperature serves a predominant motivator for movement and activity over a wide range of mobile marine ectotherms. Water temperature modulates the movements of many lobster species, which can vary widely over spatial and temporal scales. Providing insight into the thermal preferences (and refuges) that some lobsters seek remains a key tenet to our understanding of the behavioral ecology of these animals. The Mediterranean slipper lobster (Scyllarides latus) shows seasonal movements throughout most of its range and is subject to a changing thermal environment. We examined the seasonal movements of S. latus within a small marine reserve (Rosh Hanikra Marine Reserve, RHR) off the coast of Israel and tested the hypothesis that S. latus engage in increased movements when subjected to temperatures outside their range. We conducted a field survey in the RHR and tagged lobsters (n = 81, carapace length, CLavg= 88.7 ± 4.6) to investigate their activity during their putative summer movement. In the lab, we exposed a separate set of lobsters (n = 10, CLavg= 83.1 ± 6.1) to the same thermal profiles as in the field and assayed their locomotion using activity wheels. Field results revealed that lobsters tagged in shallow waters moved to deeper, cooler waters (~ 30 m) over the course of 2-2.5 months traveling an average distance of 3.4 km (range = 1-5 km). Our lab results showed that S. latus are more active at higher temperatures, but moreover, revealed that warming water temperatures elicited markedly longer movements over a similar timeframe. Combined, these findings suggest that increasing water temperatures in the eastern Mediterranean (Levant) may affect lobster movements and could alter seasonal patterns of distribution as well.

scholarly journals Ukrainian-Romanian Relations at the Background of Russia’s Revisionist Policy

2017 ◽  
pp. 160-185
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Zlatin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
New Phase ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of this article is to analyse relations between Ukraine and Romania in the post-communist period. It provides a deep insight into the evolution of these relations in the context of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine. The study gives a general overview of the bilateral relations between the two neighbouring countries since the collapse of USSR and restoration of Ukraine’s independence in 1991, focusing on a wide range of irritants both great and small. Further, the research highlights turbulent relations between Kyiv and Bucharest from the historical and socio-cultural perspective. Another neuralgic issue analysed in this paper is Russian illegal annexation of the Crimea and its aggression against Ukraine, which not only destabilised the security balance in the Black Sea, Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East by establishing a large anti-access/area-denial exclusion zone but also caused the greatest threat to the national security of Romania. In fact, with Russia being its direct maritime neighbour Romania cannot cope with this threat alone. Furthermore, the study shows that Russian aggression against Ukraine resulted in intensifying rapprochement between Ukraine and Romania since 2014. Subsequently, Romania condemned the Kremlin’s aggression and became one of the Ukraine’s advocates within the international organisations like the EU, NATO, and the UN. Finally, it is also noteworthy that summit meetings between Kyiv and Bucharest reveal the new phase in their bilateral relations based on the “security first” approach.

Fish Movement in a Temperate Marine Reserve: New Insights through Application of Acoustic Tracking

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Parsons ◽  
Daniel Egli
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Reserve Design ◽  
Acoustic Tracking ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Marine Reserve Design ◽  
The Continuum

In this review we present the progression of research that has led to the current level of understanding of snapper (Pagrus auratus: Sparidae) movement and protection effects in NE New Zealand marine reserves. Mark and recapture, florescent elastomer tags, acoustic tracking at varying spatial scales and geolocation tags were applied to examine fish behavior. Results from each method revealed new insight into teleost behavior. This advocates the importance of using the appropriate method depending on the spatial and temporal scales, to avoid making premature conclusions. We propose that the continuum of movement behaviors observed may have resulted partially from a range of factors that change once a marine reserve is established. Examining movement and response to protection in no-take reserves is crucial to provide a scientific basis for efficient future marine reserve design.

Collision of a Field-Driven Polymer with a Post: Implications for Electrophoresis in Microlithographic Arrays

1996 ◽  
Vol 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Sevick ◽  
D.R.M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Large Range ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Collision Time ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hairpin Conformation ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTWe study the simplest model of a polyelectrolyte impinging upon a point, frictionless obstacle in the presence of a field. Using numerical simulation, we show that the wide range of impacts, ranging from direct impact forming a long-lived hairpin conformation, to glancing impacts where the chain slides off of the obstacle in short time, can be described universally. In strong field, the average collision time, 〈tc〉, and average distance traveled during collision, 〈zc〉, depend upon the impact and follow universal curves over a large range of molecular weights and field strengths. This result provides analytic formulas for the chain's mobility in an array of posts and yields insight into the effect of post spacing.

scholarly journals RETRACTED: Potential effects of elevated temperature on seasonal movements in slipper lobsters, Scyllarides latus (Latreille, 1803), in the eastern Mediterranean

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
JASON GOLDSTEIN ◽  
EHUD SPANIER
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Scientific Integrity ◽  
Seasonal Movements ◽  
Special Scientific ◽  
Study Component ◽  
Design Analyses ◽  
Future Date

Retraction of: Mediterranean Marine Science http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.22074, published online 13 July 2020Editor note: The authors are retracting this article.In the article, Potential effects of elevated temperature on seasonal movements in slipper lobsters, Scyllarides latus (Latreille, 1803), in the eastern Mediterranean (Vol. 21, 2020,  https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.22074), authors J. Goldstein and E. Spanier have made an honest error in the inaccurate interpretation of their special scientific permit that afforded them the opportunity to collect wild-caught animals in the field and release them in their study area, in the marine reserve where this work was conducted. More specifically, the study component that refers to the ‘field tagging study’, was carried out without the full scope of permitting guidance unbeknownst to the authors. Dr. R. Yahel and E. Miller, Marine Ecologists of the Israeli National Park Authority (INPA), have pointed this out and have since requested that the article be removed given that the application of the special use permit was misinterpreted and not exercised in an appropriate manner. The authors were also not able to forward the INPA with the field’s raw data that have been lost since this field study was carried out over eight years ago. The authors were not aware of this discrepancy at the time the field study was carried out, but they have agreed to remove the article out of respect and admiration of the INPA and the continued protection and conservation of the Mediterranean slipper lobster in coastal Israeli waters. However, this action of retraction does not change the overall outcome of the paper’s finding including the study design, analyses, scientific integrity, or overall conclusions. The authors will plan on publishing the laboratory-based portion of this study as a stand-alone manuscript at a future date.

Sentence-Based Experience Logging in New Hearing Aid Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3S) ◽  
pp. 631-637
Author(s):  
Katja Lund ◽  
Rodrigo Ordoñez ◽  
Jens Bo Nielsen ◽  
Dorte Hammershøi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Online Tool ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Hearing Rehabilitation ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose The aim of this study was to develop a tool to gain insight into the daily experiences of new hearing aid users and to shed light on aspects of aided performance that may not be unveiled through standard questionnaires. Method The tool is developed based on clinical observations, patient experiences, expert involvement, and existing validated hearing rehabilitation questionnaires. Results An online tool for collecting data related to hearing aid use was developed. The tool is based on 453 prefabricated sentences representing experiences within 13 categories related to hearing aid use. Conclusions The tool has the potential to reflect a wide range of individual experiences with hearing aid use, including auditory and nonauditory aspects. These experiences may hold important knowledge for both the patient and the professional in the hearing rehabilitation process.

scholarly journals Engineering the Interface between Inorganic Nanoparticles and Biological Systems through Ligand Design

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001
Author(s):  
Rui Huang ◽  
David C. Luther ◽  
Xianzhi Zhang ◽  
Aarohi Gupta ◽  
Samantha A. Tufts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Ligand Design ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into

Nanoparticles (NPs) provide multipurpose platforms for a wide range of biological applications. These applications are enabled through molecular design of surface coverages, modulating NP interactions with biosystems. In this review, we highlight approaches to functionalize nanoparticles with ”small” organic ligands (Mw < 1000), providing insight into how organic synthesis can be used to engineer NPs for nanobiology and nanomedicine.

scholarly journals Gas Damping in Capacitive MEMS Transducers in the Free Molecular Flow Regime

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2566
Author(s):  
Boris A. Boom ◽  
Alessandro Bertolini ◽  
Eric Hennes ◽  
Johannes F. J. van den Brand
Keyword(s):  
Flow Regime ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Time ◽  
Molecular Flow ◽  
Free Molecular Flow ◽  
Simple Analytical Model ◽  
Gas Damping ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Capacitive Mems ◽  
Insight Into

We present a novel analysis of gas damping in capacitive MEMS transducers that is based on a simple analytical model, assisted by Monte-Carlo simulations performed in Molflow+ to obtain an estimate for the geometry dependent gas diffusion time. This combination provides results with minimal computational expense and through freely available software, as well as insight into how the gas damping depends on the transducer geometry in the molecular flow regime. The results can be used to predict damping for arbitrary gas mixtures. The analysis was verified by experimental results for both air and helium atmospheres and matches these data to within 15% over a wide range of pressures.

scholarly journals Thermal Preferences of Cowpea Seed Beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus): Effects of Sex and Nuptial Gift Transfers

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Dariusz Krzysztof Małek ◽  
Marcin Czarnoleski
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Nuptial Gift ◽  
Thermal Preference ◽  
Nuptial Gifts ◽  
Insect Performance ◽  
Evaporative Water ◽  
Thermal Preferences ◽  
Seed Beetles

The thermal environment influences insect performance, but the factors affecting insect thermal preferences are rarely studied. We studied Callosobruchus maculatus seed beetles and hypothesized that thermal preferences are influenced by water balance, with individuals with limited water reserves preferring cooler habitats to reduce evaporative water loss. Adult C. maculatus, in their flightless morph, do not consume food or water, but a copulating male provides a female with a nuptial gift of ejaculate containing nutrients and water. We hypothesized that gift recipients would prefer warmer habitats than gift donors and that both sexes would plastically adjust their thermal preferences according to the size of the transferred gift. We measured the thermal preference in each sex in individuals that were mated once or were unmated. In the mated group, we measured the sizes of the nuptial gifts and calculated proportional body mass changes in each mate during copulation. Supporting the role of water balance in thermal preference, females preferred warmer habitats than males. Nevertheless, thermal preferences in either sex were not affected by mating status or gift size. It is likely that high rates of mating and gift transfers in C. maculatus living under natural conditions promoted the evolution of constitutive sex-dependent thermal preferences.

scholarly journals Prediction of Dead Oil Viscosity: Machine Learning vs. Classical Correlations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Hadavimoghaddam ◽  
Mehdi Ostadhassan ◽  
Ehsan Heidaryan ◽  
Mohammad Ali Sadri ◽  
Inna Chapanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Pvt Data ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
Insight Into

Dead oil viscosity is a critical parameter to solve numerous reservoir engineering problems and one of the most unreliable properties to predict with classical black oil correlations. Determination of dead oil viscosity by experiments is expensive and time-consuming, which means developing an accurate and quick prediction model is required. This paper implements six machine learning models: random forest (RF), lightgbm, XGBoost, multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network, stochastic real-valued (SRV) and SuperLearner to predict dead oil viscosity. More than 2000 pressure–volume–temperature (PVT) data were used for developing and testing these models. A huge range of viscosity data were used, from light intermediate to heavy oil. In this study, we give insight into the performance of different functional forms that have been used in the literature to formulate dead oil viscosity. The results show that the functional form f(γAPI,T), has the best performance, and additional correlating parameters might be unnecessary. Furthermore, SuperLearner outperformed other machine learning (ML) algorithms as well as common correlations that are based on the metric analysis. The SuperLearner model can potentially replace the empirical models for viscosity predictions on a wide range of viscosities (any oil type). Ultimately, the proposed model is capable of simulating the true physical trend of the dead oil viscosity with variations of oil API gravity, temperature and shear rate.

A new species of Sclerocephalus with a fully ossified endocranium gives insight into braincase evolution in temnospondyls

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Rainer R. Schoch ◽  
Gabriela Sobral
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Character Evolution ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Top Predator ◽  
Central European ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The late Paleozoic temnospondyl Sclerocephalus formed an aquatic top predator in various central European lakes of the late Carboniferous and early Permian. Despite hundreds of specimens spanning a wide range of sizes, knowledge of the endocranium (braincase and palatoquadrate) remained very insufficient in Sclerocephalus and other stereospondylomorphs because even large skulls had unossified endocrania. A new specimen from a stratigraphically ancient deposit at St. Wendel in southwestern Germany is recognized as representing a new taxon, S. concordiae new species, and reveals a completely ossified endocranium. The sphenethmoid was completely ossified from the basisphenoid to the anterior ethmoid region, co-ossified with the parasphenoid, and the basipterygoid joint was fully established. The pterygoid bears a slender, S-shaped epipterygoid, which formed a robust pillar lateral to the braincase. The massive stapes was firmly sutured to the parasphenoid. In the temnospondyl endocranium, character evolution involved various changes in the epipterygoid region, which evolved distinct morphologies in each of the major clades. UUID: http://zoobank.org/5e6d2078-eacf-4467-84cf-a12efcae7c0b

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