scholarly journals Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in layer and broiler farms in Palestine in 2018, with special emphasis on Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 2723
Author(s):  
S ABUSEIR ◽  
M ABED AL-DAYM ◽  
G ADWAN ◽  
N KHRAIM
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin

Salmonella spp. are one of a major public health concerns worldwide, as well as it is the most frequently isolated foodborne pathogen. Human illness with Salmonella spp. is often due to the consumption of contaminated food of animal origin such as eggs or their products and poultry meat. The prevalence of this pathogen in egg-laying poultry farms and in broiler farms is an important public health risk factor. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis has been the major cause of foodborne salmonellosis in humans. Data on the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in the Palestinian territories’ poultry flocks is lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in local layer and broiler flocks, and to find out the rate of S. Enteritidis among the isolated samples. A total of 1180 cloacal swabs were collected from several layer and broiler farms from different locations in the West Bank, Palestine. Identification of Salmonella spp. was carried out using conventional and serological methods. Molecular methods using Polymerase Chain Reaction was used for confirmation of Salmonella spp., and to detect the presence of S. Enteritidis among the isolated Salmonella spp. Results of the current study showed that, the rate of Salmonella spp. in the sample tested from layer and broiler farms was 10.7% (65/608) and 4.7% (27/572), respectively. In addition, the prevalence rate of S. Enteritidis among other Salmonella spp. was 0.0% and 14.8% for layer and broiler farms, respectively. It is highly recommended that further studies should be conducted, including high number of samples with serotyping and molecular characterization of the positive samples.

scholarly journals Citrobacter braakii Yield False-Positive Identification as Salmonella, a Note of Caution

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2177
Author(s):  
Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak ◽  
Karolina Wódz ◽  
Magdalena Kizerwetter-Świda ◽  
Tomasz Nowak ◽  
Janusz Bogdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
False Positive Identification ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Meat Samples

Background: Globally, Salmonella enterica is one of the leading causes of foodborne illness in humans. Food of animal origin is obligatorily tested for the presence of this pathogen. Unfortunately, in meat and meat products, this is often hampered by the presence of background microbiota, which may present as false-positive Salmonella. Methods: For the identification of Salmonella spp. from meat samples of beef, pork, and poultry, the authorized detection method is PN-EN ISO 6579-1:2017-04 with the White–Kauffmann–Le Minor scheme, two biochemical tests: API 20E and VITEK II, and a real-time PCR-based technique. Results: Out of 42 presumptive strains of Salmonella, 83.3% Salmonella enterica spp. enterica, 14.3% Citrobacter braakii, and 12.4% Proteus mirabilis were detected from 180 meat samples. Conclusions: Presumptive strains of Salmonella should be identified based on genotypic properties such as DNA-based methods. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. from miscellaneous meat sorts: beef, pork, and poultry.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilm Formation Capacity of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Strains Isolated from Poultry and Humans in Poland

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Ćwiek ◽  
Kamila Korzekwa ◽  
Aleksandra Tabiś ◽  
Jacek Bania ◽  
Gabriela Bugla-Płoskońska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Human Feces ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin

Salmonella enterica ser. Enteritidis (S. enterica ser. Enteritidis) is the most frequently detected serovar in human salmonellosis, and its ability to produce a biofilm and the risk of transmission from animals and food of animal origin to humans are significant. The main aim of the present work was to compare S. enterica ser. Enteritidis strains isolated from poultry and human feces in terms of resistance profiles, prevalence of selected resistance genes, and their potential for biofilm formation, by assessing their biofilm growth intensity, the prevalence and expression of selected genes associated with this phenomenon, and the correlation between increased antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation ability of the two tested groups of S. enterica ser. Enteritidis. This study showed a difference in antimicrobial resistance (minimal inhibitory concentration value) between S. enterica ser. Enteritidis groups; however, the majority of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were isolated from poultry (environmental samples from chicken broilers, turkey broilers, and laying hens). Differences in the prevalence of resistance genes were observed; the most common gene among poultry strains was floR, and that among strains from humans was blaTEM. S. enterica ser. Enteritidis strains isolated from poultry under the tested incubation conditions exhibited better biofilm growth than strains isolated from humans. A higher level of gene expression associated with the production of cellulose was only detected in the S48 strain isolated from poultry. On the other hand, increased expression of genes associated with quorum sensing was observed in two strains isolated from poultry farms and one strain isolated from human feces.

scholarly journals Systematic analyses of factors required for adhesion of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to corn salad (Valerianella locusta)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Elpers ◽  
Juliane Kretzschmar ◽  
Sean-Paul Nuccio ◽  
Andreas J. Bäumler ◽  
Michael Hensel
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium

AbstractSalmonella enterica is a foodborne pathogen leading to gastroenteritis and is commonly acquired by consumption of contaminated food of animal origin. However, numbers of outbreaks linked to the consumption of fresh or minimally processed food of non-animal origin are increasing. New infection routes of S. enterica by vegetables, fruits, nuts and herbs have to be considered. This leads to special interest in S. enterica interactions with leafy products, e.g. salads, that are consumed unprocessed. The attachment of S. enterica to salad is a crucial step in contamination, but little is known about the bacterial factors required and mechanisms of adhesion. S. enterica possesses a complex set of adhesive structures whose functions are only partly understood. Potentially, S. enterica may deploy multiple adhesive strategies for adhering to various salad species, and other vegetables. Here, we systematically analyzed the contribution of the complete adhesiome, of LPS, and of flagella-mediated motility of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium (STM) in adhesion to corn salad. We deployed a reductionist, synthetic approach to identify factors involved in the surface binding of STM to leaves of corn salad with particular regard to the expression of all known adhesive structures using the Tet-on system. This work reveals the contribution of Saf fimbriae, type 1 secretion system-secreted BapA, an intact LPS, and flagella-mediated motility of STM in adhesion to corn salad leaves.ImportanceHuman gastrointestinal pathogens are often transmitted by animal products, but recent outbreaks show increasing importance of vegetables as source of infection by pathogenic E. coli or Salmonella enterica. The mechanisms of binding of S. enterica to vegetables such as salad are only poorly understood. We established an experimental model system to systematically investigate the role of adhesive structures of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium in binding to corn salad leaves. The contributions of all members of the complex adhesiome, flagella, and O-antigen were evaluated. We identified that Saf fimbriae, type 1 secretion system-secreted BapA, an intact LPS, and flagella-mediated motility contribute to adhesion of Salmonella to corn salad leaves. These results will enable future investigations on factors contributing to contamination of vegetables under agricultural conditions.

scholarly journals Survival characteristics of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in chicken egg albumen

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 967-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. KANG ◽  
C. LOUI ◽  
R. I. CLAVIJO ◽  
L. W. RILEY ◽  
S. LU
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chicken Egg ◽  
Egg Albumen ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) is a major foodborne pathogen primarily causing human infection through contaminated chicken eggs. To understand how SE survives in chicken egg albumen, we systematically and quantitatively analysed the survival properties of SE in egg albumen and identified factors affecting its survival. Survival assays of SE in egg indicate that egg albumen restricted the growth of SE. A major factor that controlled SE's growth in egg albumen was iron restriction, since egg albumen supplemented with iron allowed SE to grow, and iron acquisition mutants of SE showed decreased survival in egg albumen. In addition, low pH of albumen, high concentrations of bacteria and low incubation temperatures of bacteria with albumen facilitates the survival of SE. Our results suggest that egg albumen uses multiple mechanisms to control SE including iron limitation, surface interaction and possible enzymatic activities.

scholarly journals Acute myopericarditis caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Omar Chehab ◽  
Emma McGuire ◽  
Robert L Serafino Wani ◽  
Roshan Weerackody
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Large Pericardial Effusion ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

Abstract Background Acute myopericarditis can be caused by a myriad of infectious and non-infectious aetiologies, however, it is often considered to be due to self-limiting viral infection. Salmonella spp. myopericarditis is rare and the few cases in the literature suggest significant associated morbidity and mortality. Case summary A 44-year-old man presented with fever, dyspnoea, and chest pain. He was found to have a large pericardial effusion with clinical signs of tamponade and sepsis. Therapeutic pericardiocentesis was performed and ceftriaxone and levofloxacin were administered. Fully sensitive Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) was isolated in his pericardial fluid and he made a full recovery after a 4-week course of ciprofloxacin. A new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus was made on admission. A follow-up cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) scan was suggestive of myocarditis which was unexpected given a normal Troponin T level on presentation. Discussion We report a rare case of S. Enteritidis myopericarditis. Our case is notable as the patient was immunocompetent apart from newly diagnosed diabetes. This case highlights the value of CMR imaging in assessing for myocarditis and ventricular function.

Low Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in Foods from Italy

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1507-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LATORRE ◽  
A. PARISI ◽  
R. FRACCALVIERI ◽  
G. NORMANNO ◽  
M. C. NARDELLA LA PORTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Smoked Salmon ◽  
Hygienic Measures ◽  
Seafood Products ◽  
Common Serotypes ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Low Prevalence

Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen that causes gastrointestinal disorders, and, especially in immunocompromised people, serious extraintestinal diseases, such as septicemia and meningitis, as well as abortion in pregnant women. Many foods, from both plant and animal origin, have been involved in listeriosis outbreaks. This article reports the results of a 12-year survey (1993 through 2004) on the presence of L. monocytogenes in several kinds of food marketed in Italy. Of 5,788 analyzed samples, 121 (2.1%) were contaminated with L. monocytogenes. The highest prevalence was found in smoked salmon (10.6%) and in poultry meat samples (8.5%) and the lowest in red meat (0.3%). L. monocytogenes was not found in 154 samples of fresh seafood products. Fifty-two isolates were also serotyped by the agglutination method. The most common serotypes detected in the 52 strains tested were 1/2a (36.5%), followed by 1/2c (32.8%), 1/2b (13.5%), 4b (11.5%), 3a (3.8%), and 3b (1.9%). The results of the present study showed low levels of L. monocytogenes in the analyzed samples. A total of 61.5% of the 52 L. monocytogenes strains analyzed belonged to serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b, namely the serovars that are most commonly involved in extraintestinal human listeriosis outbreaks. In the ready-to-eat samples, these three serotypes were 40.0% (1/2a), 17.1% (1/2b), and 14.3% (4b). This finding highlights the need to implement strict hygienic measures during the production, distribution, and sale of foods to reduce the risk of foodborne listeriosis in humans to an acceptable level.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Saintpaul Isolated from Animals, Food, and Humans in 12 European Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Wasyl ◽  
Magdalena Zając ◽  
Derek J. Brown ◽  
Henry Kuronen ◽  
Kim Van Der Zwaluw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Pfge Profiles

Abstract The molecular epidemiological relationship among isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar (S.) Saintpaul, which was identified in animals, food, and humans in several EU countries, was investigated. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed a high degree of genetic diversity (82 XbaI PFGE profiles with 42.6% similarity) among 159 S. Saintpaul isolates from animals (n=91), food of animal origin (n=29), and humans (n=36) in 12 European countries during 2005 to 2009. Most frequent profiles (n=12) comprised almost 50% of the tested isolates. Profiles obtained in isolates from a single source within a particular geographical region or particular period of time were indistinguishable or closely related. Turkeys were confirmed as the major reservoir for S. Saintpaul. Indistinguishable PFGE profiles were identified in up to 19 isolates from turkey breeding and fattening flocks and food over the study period. Other animals, including food and pets, may also contribute to S. Saintpaul spread. International trade of animals and food, as well as travelling contributes to the spread of a specific clone to different geographical areas. Although control programmes in breeding turkey flocks, together with improved biosecurity, may interrupt the major transmission routes, it was concluded that S. Saintpaul will continue to represent a potential threat to human health.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Meat Used for Human Consumption in Latvia

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Aleksandrs Jemeļjanovs ◽  
Inese Zītare ◽  
Ināra Helēna Konošonoka ◽  
Vera Krastiņa ◽  
Lîga Proškina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Cattle Herds

Over the last decade in Latvia, the production levels of beef, pork and poultry meat have been dramatically reduced. The yearly meat consumption per capita in Latvia is about 60 kg. Traditionally, pig meat consumption is higher than consumption of bovine meat, which has higher production costs. Lower priced meat from European countries is imported and placed on the market in Latvia. The Research Institute of Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine “Sigra”, Latvia, LUA, performs important research on meat quality and acquisition of safe and healthy food of animal origin. Cattle herds of meat breed are highly varied both from the aspect of animals and the quality of the sold meat produce. In meat of bovine animals, the settling of cholesterol on the blood vessel walls is precluded by 5.4-8.13% ω-3 and 12.97-16.27% ω-6 on average. The meat of the beef breed cattle contains wholesome proportions of proteins, fatty acids in quantities sufficient for humans, a relatively low cholesterol level (about 77 mg%) and good qualities of the culinary flavours and aromas. There are on-going research studies on the quality of meat of different pig breeds and their influencing factors, as well as on acquisition of meet in accordance with the consumer requirements. Extensive research is carried out also on the quality of broiler meat, with the target of acquisition of new quality meat. Assessment of the role of game meat in human consumption and the hygiene aspects of its acquisition are also included. Due to the development of heliculture in Latvia, the assessment of snail meat and its role in human consumption has also been launched.

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