scholarly journals First report of Antigastra catalaunalis on sesame in Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Simoglou ◽  
A. I. Anastasiades ◽  
J. Baixeras ◽  
E. Roditakis
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
First Report ◽  
Regional Unit ◽  
Damage Symptoms ◽  
Significant Economic Loss

In August 2016, severe infestations of sesame crops by the sesame leaf webber and capsule borer, Antigastra catalaunalis (Duponchel) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), were recorded in rural areas of the Regional Unit of Drama, Northern Greece. Larval feeding-damage symptoms were observed on leaves and capsules. Infestations were recorded in all of the inspected sesame fields. The infestation levels were considerable high resulting in significant economic loss. To our knowledge, this is the first report of A. catalaunalis severe infestation on sesame in Greece.

scholarly journals First report of the bordered straw, Heliothis peltigera, οn sunflower in Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
K. B. Simoglou ◽  
A. I. Anastasiades ◽  
J. Baixeras ◽  
E. Roditakis
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
First Report ◽  
Regional Unit ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Heliothis Peltigera ◽  
Damage Symptoms

In June 2015, infestations of sunflower crops by the bordered straw Heliothis peltigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were recorded in rural areas of the Regional Unit of Drama, N. Greece. Larval feeding-damage symptoms were observed on leaves and buds of sunflower plants, mostly at pre-flowering growth stages. Infestations were recorded in approximately 80% of the inspected sunflower fields, the infestation levels, however, were low (<5%) apparently resulting in no economic damage. The presence of H. peltigera has been reported in Southern and Central Europe, Canada, the Middle East and Africa, infesting several hosts. Infestations of sunflower crops have been reported in India, Pakistan and Sudan. To our knowledge, this is the first report of H. peltigera infestations on sunflower crops in Greece and possibly in Europe.

scholarly journals Impact of Nisin and Nisin-Producing Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis on Clostridium tyrobutyricum and Bacterial Ecosystem of Cheese Matrices

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 898
Author(s):  
Hebatoallah Hassan ◽  
Daniel St-Gelais ◽  
Ahmed Gomaa ◽  
Ismail Fliss
Keyword(s):  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Cheddar Cheese ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Clostridium Tyrobutyricum ◽  
Nisin Production ◽  
Genus Clostridium ◽  
Milk Pasteurization ◽  
Cheese Slurry ◽  
Significant Economic Loss

Clostridium tyrobutyricum spores survive milk pasteurization and cause late blowing of cheeses and significant economic loss. The effectiveness of nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis 32 as a protective strain for control the C. tyrobutyricum growth in Cheddar cheese slurry was compared to that of encapsulated nisin-A. The encapsulated nisin was more effective, with 1.0 log10 reductions of viable spores after one week at 30 °C and 4 °C. Spores were not detected for three weeks at 4 °C in cheese slurry made with 1.3% salt, or during week 2 with 2% salt. Gas production was observed after one week at 30 °C only in the control slurry made with 1.3% salt. In slurry made with the protective strain, the reduction in C. tyrobutyricum count was 0.6 log10 in the second week at 4 °C with both salt concentration. At 4 °C, nisin production started in week 2 and reached 97 µg/g after four weeks. Metabarcoding analysis targeting the sequencing of 16S rRNA revealed that the genus Lactococcus dominated for four weeks at 4 °C. In cheese slurry made with 2% salt, the relative abundance of the genus Clostridium decreased significantly in the presence of nisin or the protective strain. The results indicated that both strategies are able to control the growth of Clostridium development in Cheddar cheese slurries.

scholarly journals Rapid Multi-Hybridisation FISH Screening for Balanced Porcine Reciprocal Translocations Suggests a Much Higher Abnormality Rate Than Previously Appreciated

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Rebecca E O’Connor ◽  
Lucas G Kiazim ◽  
Claudia C Rathje ◽  
Rebecca L Jennings ◽  
Darren K Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Chromosome Translocations ◽  
Farrowing Rate ◽  
Significant Economic Loss

With demand rising, pigs are the world’s leading source of meat protein; however significant economic loss and environmental damage can be incurred if boars used for artificial insemination (AI) are hypoprolific (sub-fertile). Growing evidence suggests that semen analysis is an unreliable tool for diagnosing hypoprolificacy, with litter size and farrowing rate being more applicable. Once such data are available, however, any affected boar will have been in service for some time, with significant financial and environmental losses incurred. Reciprocal translocations (RTs) are the leading cause of porcine hypoprolificacy, reportedly present in 0.47% of AI boars. Traditional standard karyotyping, however, relies on animal specific expertise and does not detect more subtle (cryptic) translocations. Previously, we reported development of a multiple hybridisation fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) strategy; here, we report on its use in 1641 AI boars. A total of 15 different RTs were identified in 69 boars, with four further animals XX/XY chimeric. Therefore, 4.5% had a chromosome abnormality (4.2% with an RT), a 0.88% incidence. Revisiting cases with both karyotype and FISH information, we reanalysed captured images, asking whether the translocation was detectable by karyotyping alone. The results suggest that chromosome translocations in boars may be significantly under-reported, thereby highlighting the need for pre-emptive screening by this method before a boar enters a breeding programme.

scholarly journals First Report of Chlamydia abortus in Farmed Fur Animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaocai Li ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Xiaoan Cao ◽  
Zhongzi Lou ◽  
Kinga Zaręba-Marchewka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
First Report ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Fur Animals ◽  
Globally Distributed ◽  
Raccoon Dogs

Chlamydia (C.) abortus, a globally distributed obligate intracellular bacterium, has attracted increasing interest according to its veterinary importance and zoonotic nature. C. abortus can infect a variety of animals and cause foetal loss in livestock resulting in economic loss. In this study, the samples collected from two farms of foxes (n=20), raccoon dogs (n=15) and minks (n=20), were investigated by Chlamydiaceae- and Chlamydia species-specific real-time PCR. The results showed that all the tested foxes (20/20) and raccoon dogs (15/15) harbored Chlamydia spp., while 5% of minks (1/20) were positive for Chlamydia spp. C. abortus was identified in all positive samples as the dominant Chlamydia species, with C. pecorum DNA coexistence in some of the rectal samples (7/20) taken from foxes. Phylogenetic analysis based on specific gene fragments of 16S rRNA, IGS-23S rRNA, and ompA revealed that all sequences obtained in this study were assigned to the Chlamydiaceae family with high similarity to C. abortus S26/3 and B577 previously identified in ruminants. This is the first report confirming that farmed foxes, raccoon dogs, and minks carry C. abortus. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the epidemiology and pathogenicity of this pathogen in farmed fur animals as well as the potential risks to public health.

Optimization of Thin-Film Winding Conditions Considering Viscoelastic Property and Thickness Variation and its Experimental Verification

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Sunami ◽  
Hiromu Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Property ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Condition Optimization ◽  
Wound Rolls ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Significant Economic Loss

Plastic films are produced using roll-to-roll systems, which allow the film to be wound into a roll and stored in a small space. Roll defects, however, can cause significant economic loss, and gage bands remain an open area of research. More recently, plastic films have become thinner, so we must now reconsider wrinkling and slippage, problems which depend on the in-roll stress condition. Therefore, predicting the stress condition is essential to preventing defects occurring in wound rolls. In addition, the in-roll stress will change over time as a result of viscoelastic properties. This study theoretically investigates and experimentally verifies winding condition optimization and in-roll stress in consideration of the viscoelastic property and web thickness profile at a constant rewinding tension. Results show that the predicted values are in agreement with the measured values.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN BLACK BENGAL GOATS IN BANGLADESH

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Rahman ◽  
S. Mithu ◽  
M. T. Islam ◽  
M. J. Uddin ◽  
R. R. Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Significant Economic Loss ◽  
Sera Samples ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Brucellosis is an important bacterial zoonotic disease causing significant economic loss in dairy industries worldwide including Bangladesh. But limited studies are devoted to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in goat in all districts of Bangladesh. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in Black Bengal goats in Nilphamari Sadar and Kishoreganj upazillas of Nilphamari district of Bangladesh using Rose Bengal Test (RBT) as screening test and I-ELISA as confirmatory test. A total of 154 sera samples from Black Bengal goats were collected from Nilphamari district. Epidemiological data on the selected Black Bengal goats were collected using a structured questionnaire. The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis was found to be 2.59% in Black Bengal goats. A significantly (p<0.01) higher prevalence of brucellosis was found in Black Bengal goats with the history of previous abortion (33.33%). An insignificant (p>0.05) but higher prevalence of brucellosis was found in adult Black Bengal goats (>24 months) than young. The prevalence was relatively higher in cross-bred than pure Black Bengal goats, in female than male and in pregnant than non-pregnant Black Bengal goats. The result of the study will provide baseline data for control of brucellosis in goat in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v10i1-2.15646

scholarly journals First Report of Stemphylium botryosum Causing Leaf Blight of Kiwi in the Province Imathia, Northern Greece

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Thomidis ◽  
T. J. Michailides
Keyword(s):  
Apical Cell ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Cell Width ◽  
Koch’S Postulates ◽  
First Report ◽  
Stemphylium Botryosum ◽  
Koch's Postulates

In Greece, kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) is mostly found in the northern part of the country where approximately 440,000 ha are grown. In the summer of 2006, a Stemphylium sp. was frequently isolated from leaves of kiwi (cv. Hayward) grown in the province of Imathia. Symptomatic leaves were covered with irregular, necrotic, brown areas. Lesions had a distinct margin that, in some cases, covered a wide part of the diseased leaves. Intense symptoms were frequently observed and associated with defoliation. This Stemphylium sp. was consistently isolated from diseased leaves onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) after surface sterilization with 0.1% chlorine solution. On the basis of morphological characteristics of mycelia, dimensions (length 20 to 29 μm and width 14 to 21 μm) and mean length/width ratio (1.42 μm) of conidia, and width and apical cell width of condiophores, the fungus was identified as Stemphylium botryosum (Wallr.) (2,3) Koch's postulates were completed in the laboratory by inoculating leaves of kiwi (cv. Hayward) with an isolate of S. botryosum originated from a symptomatic leaf of a Hayward kiwi. Twenty leaves were surface sterilized by dipping them into 0.1% chlorine solution for 2 to 3 min, washing in sterile distilled water, and allowing them to dry in a laminar flow hood. A leaf was then placed into a petri plate containing a wet, sterilized paper towel. Inoculation was made by transferring a 5-mm-diameter mycelial disc from the margins of a 7-day-old culture onto the center of each leaf surface. Petri plates were closed and incubated at 25°C with 12 h of light for 6 days. Koch's postulates were satisfied when the same S. botryosum was reisolated from 100% of inoculated leaves that developed symptoms similar to those observed in the vineyards. Leaves inoculated with a PDA plug alone (with no S. botryosum) did not develop any symptoms. Previously, Alternaria alternata was reported as the causal agent of a leaf spot pathogen of kiwi (1,4). To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of S. botryosum causing leaf blight of kiwi in Greece and worldwide. This pathogen can cause a high level of defoliation in diseased plants. References: (1) L. Corazza et al. Plant Dis. 83:487, 1999. (2) M. B. Ellis. Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Mycology Institute. London, England, 1971. (3) E. G. Simmons. Mycologia 61:1, 1969. (4) C. Tsahouridou and C. C. Thanassoulopoulos. Plant Dis. 84:371, 2000

Urban-Rural Synergy in Shrinking Regions Through Application of e-co Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 335-360
Author(s):  
Tijana M. Vujičić ◽  
Dijana Simonović
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Rural Urbanization ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Shrinking Regions ◽  
Northwest Region

Many regions worldwide are faced with the problem of shrinkage, manifested through demographic decline, economic loss, and perforation of the urban tissue. Starting from the assumption that the shrinking phenomenon is present in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the research deals with the diagnosis of the shrinking condition in urban and rural areas of the northwest region of the country. In the light of the shrinkage problems, the chapter defines a new alternative model—e-co—which should enable the recovery from the crisis and restore the vitality of the region. The chance for recovery is recognized in the processes of rural urbanization and urban ruralization, the integration of rural values and urban advantages, the modern globality, and traditional locality.

scholarly journals Fluxes of Gaseous Elemental Mercury on a Mediterranean Coastal Grassland

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Christiana Polyzou ◽  
Glykeria Loupa ◽  
Aikaterini Trepekli ◽  
Spyridon Rapsomanikis
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Mixing ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Gaseous Elemental Mercury ◽  
Rain Events

Coastal rural areas can be a source of elemental mercury, but the potential influence of their topographic and climatic particularities on gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) fluxes have not been investigated extensively. In this study, gaseous elemental mercury was measured over Mediterranean coastal grassland located in Northern Greece from 2014 to 2015 and GEM fluxes were evaluated utilizing Monin–Obukhov similarity theory. The GEM fluxes ranged from –50.30 to 109.69 ng m−2 h−1 with a mean value equal to 10.50 ± 19.14 ng m−2 h−1. Concerning the peak events, with high positive and low negative GEM fluxes, those were recorded from the morning until the evening. Rain events were a strong contributing factor for enhanced GEM fluxes. The enhanced turbulent mixing under daytime unstable conditions led to greater evasion and positive GEM fluxes, while, during nighttime periods, the GEM evasion is lower, indicating the effect of atmospheric stability on GEM fluxes. The coastal grassland with its specific characteristics influences the GEM fluxes and this area could be characterized as a source of elemental mercury. This study is one of the rare efforts in the research community to estimate GEM fluxes in a coastal natural site based on aerodynamic gradient method.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document