scholarly journals Nathrius brevipennis (Mu1sant 1839) (Col.: Cerambycidae) in Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Santas
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Almond Trees ◽  
Wood Borer ◽  
Almond Orchard

In the spring of 1975, the trees of an almond orchard [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb] in Avliotes Corfu, were found to be severely infested by a wood borer insect in the larval stage. Samples of infested with larvae twigs, preserved in the laboratory, and in the same year in September a number of adults emerged. After identification this insect was found to be Nathrius (Leptidea) brevipennis (Mulsant 1839). This species caused important damage in the almond trees of the Avliotes area of Corfu during the years 1975-1976. In 1977, N. brevipennis was found in Ioannina county on walnut trees (Juglans regia L.) and in 1980, it was found in Metsovo area on almond trees.

Investigation and isolation of peptide based antiglycating agents from various sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice K. Kani ◽  
Ebru K. Kocazorbaz ◽  
Figen Zihnioglu
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Metal Chelation ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Inhibitory Peptides ◽  
Chelating Activity ◽  
Metal Chelating

Abstract Background In this work, peptide based antiglycation agents from various sources against the advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) formation was investigated. Materials and methods As a source of peptides with deglycating activity, Glycine max, Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum, Avena sativa, Prunus dulcis ve Juglans regia were used. The metal chelating activity and antioxidant activity were determined by Cu(II) chelating activity and CUPRAC (Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity) methods. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated through BSA-glucose model. Results Most of the extracts obtained have inhibitory activity against AGE formation. Among all plant peptide isolates soybean was found to be most efficient by means of antiglycating (IC50 1.33 μg/mL), antioxidant (28.2 ± 1.4 μmol AAE/mg) and metal chelation activity (55%). Conclusion As a result, this study can provide preliminary data to literature to support researches those focused on peptide based glycation inhibitors and discovery of potent AGE inhibitory peptides.

Physical mechanisms produced in the development of nursery almond trees (Prunus dulcis Miller) as a response to the plant adaptation to different substrates

Rhizosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Mondragón-Valero ◽  
Isabel Lopéz-Cortés ◽  
Domingo M. Salazar ◽  
Pascual Fernández de Córdova
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Plant Adaptation ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Almond Trees

scholarly journals Influence of Inoculation Date on the Colonization of Xylella fastidiosa and the Persistence of Almond Leaf Scorch Disease Among Almond Cultivars

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiesen Cao ◽  
Joseph H. Connell ◽  
Margot Wilhelm ◽  
Bruce C. Kirkpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Leaf Scorch ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Almond Trees ◽  
Cultivar Susceptibility ◽  
June July ◽  
July August September ◽  
Almond Leaf Scorch

Field grown 2-year-old almond trees (Prunus dulcis cvs. Butte, Carmel, Mission, Ne Plus Ultra, Padre, Peerless, Price, Solano, Sonora, and Thompson) were mechanically inoculated with Xylella fastidiosa in the growing seasons of 2002 and 2003 to study the effect of inoculation date on the movement and colonization of X. fastidiosa and the overwintering persistence of almond leaf scorch disease (ALS) in these cultivars. X. fastidiosa was inoculated into the base of current-season growing shoots in April, May, June, July, August, September, and October. Almond trees inoculated in spring months developed more ALS-symptomatic leaves and more extensive within-plant spread of X. fastidiosa by the end of the current growing season compared with trees inoculated in July, August, September, and October. Trees inoculated in June developed the most severe ALS symptoms during the season in which they were inoculated. Trees inoculated in June and July 2002 had significantly higher disease ratings in 2003 than inoculations made in August and October 2002. Based on disease ratings observed in 2003, 1 year after inoculation, Sonora and Solano were the most ALS susceptible, Mission and Price intermediate, and Carmel, Padre, Ne Plus Ultra, Butte, Peerless, and Thompson were the least susceptible cultivars for allowing X. fastidiosa to overwinter and cause disease the following year. Assessment of all trees in August 2004 indicated that trees inoculated in June and July 2002 had a significantly higher amount of ALS-infected branches than trees inoculated in other months. Butte, Carmel, Padre, and Thompson cultivars had no symptomatic branches, while X. fastidiosa infections persisted or colonized new branches in Sonora, Solano, Peerless, Price, Mission, and Ne Plus Ultra. Based on the 2004 assessment, Sonora was the most susceptible cultivar. Surveys of a diseased orchard in Chico, CA showed large differences in ALS incidence in four almond cultivars. Nonpareil and Peerless had significantly greater incidence of disease than Butte and Carmel over the 2 years surveyed. These data suggest that cultivar susceptibility and the time of X. fastidiosa infection are important factors in determining the persistence of ALS in almond trees.

scholarly journals Commercial Evaluation of Five Almond Cultivars in Northwestern Mexico

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 664f-664
Author(s):  
Raul L. Grijalva-Contreras ◽  
Arturo Lopez-Carvajal ◽  
Manuel J. Valenzuela-Ruiz ◽  
Rogelio A. Juarez-Gonzalez ◽  
Fabian Robles-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Chilling Requirement ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Almond Trees ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
Northwestern Area ◽  
Almond Orchard

The total shell almond production in northwestern area in Mexico is ≈80 tons per year; therefore, almond fruit tree would be a potential fruit crop in this agricultural area. Also, this crop offers some advantages with lower costs than other fruit crop, and the water requirement needs for almond trees is low in support to the limited water availability. Our objective was to test new five almond cultivars of low chilling requirement. Almond cultivars were grafted on Nemaguard rootstock and planted during 1990. The data were collected from the almond orchard using the inshell kernel. The average yield during 1993 and 1994 were 970, 602, 552, 419, and 388 kg·ha–1 for `R-633', `Cavaliera', `Constantini', `Um El Fahm', and `Rane', respectively. `Cavaliera' and `Um El Fahm' showed good inshell percent and kernel weight. `Cavaliera' was harvested early in last week of June compared to the other cultivars that were harvested in mid-July.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PREHARVEST IRRIGATION CUTOFF DURATION AND POSTHARVEST WATER DEPRIVATION IN ALMOND

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1172b-1172
Author(s):  
David Goldhamer ◽  
Mario Viveros ◽  
Ken Shackel
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Predawn Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Almond Trees ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Kernel Yield

Previously well irrigated mature `Nonpareil' almond trees (Prunus dulcis) were subjected to varying periods of water deprivation prior to harvest and then to either full or no postharvest irrigation. Eight preharvest water deprivation (PWD) lengths ranging from 14 to 63 days were evaluated on a sandy loam soil with a rooting depth of about 1.5 m.Development of tree water deficits occurred rapidly following PWD. Predawn leaf water potential decreased to about -1.8 and -3.1 MPa after 10 and 20 days, respectively. Defoliation began about 30 days after PWD and trees subjected to more than 50 days completely defoliated. The rate of hull split was directly related to the PWD duration. With early cutoffs, the size of the hull split-arrested nuts at harvest was large compared with the same nut type in later cutoffs suggesting that as nuts develop, large nuts are preferential sinks for assimilates. Kernel size was only mildly reduced by PWD during the first study year. There was a trend toward lower total kernel yield with longer PWD as a result of smaller kernel girth but yield differences were not significant. The number of nuts remaining in the tree after shaking was not related to PWD. Bark strength increased after PWD with 10 to 14 days required to prevent shaker damage. Postharvest irrigation resulted in late season defoliation but no rebloom. Bloom density reductions in 1990 were related more to the lack of 1989 postharvest irrigation than to early PWD.

scholarly journals Regulation of Nitrogen Uptake at the Whole-plant Level: A Study in Almond Trees

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farbod Youssefi ◽  
Patrick H. Brown ◽  
Steve A. Weinbaum
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Phloem Sap ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Soil N Uptake ◽  
Almond Trees ◽  
Plant Level

It has been proposed that a pool of amino N, whose size is determined by aboveground N demand, cycles in the plant and regulates soil N uptake by exerting an inhibitory effect at the root level. Several experiments were carried out to study this hypothesis in almond trees [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb]. Based on the evidence found, there is an association, at the whole tree level, between sap N content and soil N uptake. The data are consistent with the possibility that increased phloem sap amino acids result in decreased uptake of soil N.

scholarly journals Naturalization of almond trees (Prunus dulcis) in semi-arid regions of the Western Mediterranean

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Homet-Gutiérrez ◽  
Eugene W. Schupp ◽  
José M. Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Almond Trees ◽  
Semi Arid

Eutypa armeniacae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Carter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Abscission Layer ◽  
Water Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Eutypa armeniacae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: As a pathogen on apricot (Prunus armeniaca) and Ceanothus spp. As a saprophyte on apricot (Prunus armeniaca), almond (Prunus amygdalus[Prunus dulcis]), apple (Malus sylvestris, walnut (Juglans regia), grapevine (Vitis vinifera), tamarisk (Tamarix sp.), Ceanothus spp. and Berberis darwinii. DISEASE: 'Gummosis' or 'dieback' of apricots in Australia (Adam et al., 1952). 'Cytosporina dieback' of apricots in California (42, 474). A contributing factor to the syndrome known as 'apricot apoplexy' in various European countries (Carter, private communications). Dieback of Ceanothus spp. in Australia and California (Moller et al., 1971). The dieback disease of apricots is also known to be associated with this pathogen in New Zealand (40, 88) and South Africa (Price, 1973). On apricot, the classical symptoms occur on trees of all ages: cankering, sometimes associated with exudation of gum, in the vicinity of wounds which expose the sapwood, most commonly those made by pruning instruments. Ultimately the leaves on the part of the branch distal to the canker wither and die, usually in mid- to late summer, typically remaining attached for many months because no abscission layer has formed. Internally, the sapwood is discoloured light brown to dark brown, with a dffluse margin. Pycnidia may appear, usually in winter, on wood and bark nearby advanced infections. The pycnidiospores have never been seen to germinate and appear to have no role in transmission of the pathogen. Perithecia are immersed in a stroma which may develop two or more years after death of a branch. The stroma may remain productive for at least six years, producing one generation of perithecia annually, maturing in early spring. In California and in South Africa, external canker symptoms were for many years confused with those caused by bacteria or the genus Pseudomonas, but the internal symptoms are usually quite distinctive and the presence of E. armeniacae has been confirmed by culturing and by serology. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, New Zealand, North America (California), Europe (France, Spain, Switzerland), South Africa. Absent from Chile in a disease survey conducted by English et al. (1967). Absence of records from the Asian continent are attributed to lack of information. TRANSMISSION: Entirely by air-borne ascospores; secondary dispersal from the tree surfaces is by water-splash and run during rainfall, carrying ascospores to the vessels exposed at wounds (45, 511).

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