scholarly journals Κινητική της αμμωνίας εις το περιτοναϊκόν υγρόν

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Αναστάσιος Εμμανουήλ
Keyword(s):  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Blood Ammonia ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Fixed Times ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Cirrhotic Group ◽  
Group 1

The kinetics of ammonia between blood and peritoneal fluid on 18 patiens was studied. Ten grams of ammonium citrate were given by mouth; the concentrations of ammonia in the blood and in the peritoneal fluid were comprared after determining the values at fixed times. The cases were divided in two groups: group 1, included eight patients with cirrhosis of the liver, group 2, included patients with ascites of other than liver cirrhosis aetiology, five of whom had carcinoma of the liver and'or of the peritoneal, two patients with lymphosarcoma, one with kidneysarcoma (Bour neville Syndrome) and two cases with congestive heart failure. The following conclusions have drawn : 1. The ammonia concentrations in the ascitic fluid of the cirrhotic group (group 1) before ammonium citrate loading was found to be higher than in the blood. 2. The highest concentration of the ammonia in the ascitic fluid was found two hours after loading and fell to the pre-loading level three hours later. 3. The curve formed by the ammonia values and ascitic fluid is similar to that of the blood. 4. The values of blood —and ascitic fluid—ammonia and the respective ourves in cases of cardiac failure resembled those found in cirrhotics. 5. In cases of neoplasms the fluctuations of ammonia concentrations in the blood and in the peritoneal fluid are minimal and the curves are flat. 6. In lymphosarcoma and kidneysarcoma the pre-loading values of blood ammonia are higher than in the peritoneal fluid.7. High concentration of blood and peritoneal fluid ammonia without appreciable fluctuations might suggest liver cancer on cirrhotic substrate.

scholarly journals Effect of mannitol on the pharmacokinetics of amikacin in wistar rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-839
Author(s):  
Hugo Juárez Olguín ◽  
Miriam Carrasco Portugal ◽  
Janett Flores Pérez ◽  
Angélica Camacho Vieyra ◽  
Carmen Flores Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Fixed Times ◽  
Group 1

The study analyzed the effect of mannitol on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of amikacin. Adult Wistar rats were treated as follows: Group 1 (G1) received mannitol for three days, Group 2 (G2) received mannitol plus 10 mg/kg of amikacin simultaneously, and Group 3 only amikacin. The PK study was conducted on the 4th day. For which, blood samples were drawn at fixed times during 24 h and immunoenzymatically analyzed. Results revealed significant differences (p<0.05) between the groups, e.g. Cmax were 62.26 ± 15.75 µg/ml for G1, 72.63 ± 24.80 µg/ml for G2 and 68.61 ± 27.40 µg/ml for G3. The AUC also differed in the three groups, being largest for G2, 222.52 ± 47.30 µg/ml/h, and smallest for G1, 135.59 ± 39.00 µg/ml/h. Alteration of the PK parameters observed between the groups must be considered when both drugs are prescribed, although human studies are necessary to confirm the results.

scholarly journals 50 INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF BUTYROLACTONE I AND CYCLOHEXIMIDE TREATMENT DURING IN VITRO MATURATION OF SWINE OOCYTES

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
M.G. Marques ◽  
R.P.C. Gerger ◽  
A.B. Nascimento ◽  
V.P. Oliveira ◽  
R. Simoes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Metaphase Plate ◽  
Sodium Pyruvate ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Group 1

Butyrolactone I and cycloheximide specifically inhibit MPF activation and prevent the resumption of meiosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of in vitro maturation of butyrolactone I- and cycloheximide-treated swine oocytes in an attempt to produce cytoplasts for nuclear transfer. Oocytes from slaughterhouse ovaries were randomly allotted to one of 3 treatments; group 1 (n = 102 – control – 22 hours of in vitro maturation in TCM199 supplemented with 3.05 mM glucose, 0.91 mM sodium pyruvate, 10% follicular fluid, 0.57 mM cysteine, 10 ng/mL EGF, 10 IU/mL eCG and 10 IU/mL of hCG and 22 hours of culture); Group 2 (n = 191 – blocking for 10 hours in 12.5 M butyrolactone I and in vitro maturation for 44 hours); and Group 3 (n = 175 – blocking for 10 hours in 5 M cyclohexemide and in vitro maturation for 44 hours). After in vitro maturation, oocytes were fixed and stained for evaluation of meiotic division. The percentage of oocytes at metaphase II (MII) in Groups 1 and 3 (75.49% and 70.29%, respectively) were higher (P < 0.05) than Group 2 (63.35%). Based on these results and in order to increase enucleation rates, we also investigated the proximity of the first polar body (PB) with the metaphase plate (MP) in Groups 1 and 3. After in vitro maturation (36, 40, and 44 hours), oocytes were gently decumulated and incubated in microdroplets (50-μL) of bisbenzimide solution (5 g/mL) to analyze the MP and PB positions. Group 1 (control) at 44 hours of maturation (47.05% – 48/102) and Group 3 at 40, and 44 hours (60.20% – 59/98 and 55.46% – 61/110, respectively) showed similar rates, that were higher (P < 0.05) than Group 1 at 36 hours and 40 hours (4% – 4/100 and 36% – 36/100, respectively) and Group 3 at 36 hours (34.58% – 37/107). In conclusion, Group 1 at 44 hours and Group 3 at 40 or 44 hours provide the best oocytes for enucleation because they showed a high number of matured oocytes with the first polar body and the metaphase plate located proximally. This work was supported by FAPESP 02/10747-1.

scholarly journals An analysis of pH, pO2 and pCO2 in the peritoneal fluid of dogs with ascites of various etiologies

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Glińska-Suchocka ◽  
P. Sławuta ◽  
M. Jankowski ◽  
K. Kubiak ◽  
J. Spużak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess pH, pO2 and pCO2 in peritoneal fluid. The study was conducted on a group of 22 dogs with symptoms of ascites. Group 1 consisted of 4 dogs with adenocarcinoma, group 2 - of 6 dogs with glomerulonephritis, group 3 of 8 dogs with hepatic cirrhosis and group 4 of 4 dogs with bacterial peritonitis. An abdominal cavity puncture was performed in all dogs and the fluid was drawn into a heparinized syringe in order to assess pH, pO2 and pCO2 . The analysis of pH in the peritoneal fluid revealed statistically significant differences between group 4 and groups 1 (p=0.01), 2 (p=0.01), and 3 (p=0.01). The lowest pH value compared to the other studied groups was recorded in group 4. In group 4, the pO2 was the lowest compared to the other groups (group 1 p=0.01, group 2 p=0.01, group 3 p=0.01). The value of pCO2 was the highest in group 4 compared to groups 1, 2, and 3. The study found statistically significant differences in pH, pCO2 and pCO2 between group 4 (the group of dogs with bacterial peritonitis) and the other groups of dogs. This was probably linked to the pathogenesis of peritonitis. As a result of an inflammatory reaction within the peritoneal cavity, there is an increase in fibrin accumulations leading to a decreased oxygen supply causing the oxidative glucose metabolism to change into a non-oxidative glucose metabolism. This, in turn, causes a decrease in pH, acidosis, and a low oxidoreduction potential. It also impairs phagocytosis and activates proteolytic enzymes which create ideal conditions for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. The obtained results indicate that the pH, pO2 and pCO2 may be used to differentiate bacterial peritonitis from ascites of other etiologies.

Chronobiology of Epidural Ropivacaine

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Debon ◽  
Dominique Chassard ◽  
Frédéric Duflo ◽  
Emmanuel Boselli ◽  
Boris Bryssine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Important Variation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Group 1

Background A temporal pattern of the kinetics of local anesthetics is demonstrated in dental and skin anesthesia, with an important variation in the duration of action related to the hour of administration. The aim of this study is to determine whether the hour of injection influences the duration of epidurally administered ropivacaine during labor. Methods One hundred ninety-four women in the first stage of labor were assigned to one of four groups throughout the day period: group 1 (night: from 1:01 to 7:00 am), group 2 (morning: from 7:01 am to 1:00 pm), group 3 (afternoon: from 1:01 to 7:00 pm), and group 4 (evening: from 7:01 pm to 1:00 am). Each patient received 14 ml ropivacaine, 0.17%, epidurally, and analgesia duration was measured. Results Pain assessed by a visual analog score was not differ-ent among groups before the first injection of local anesthetic. Analgesia duration was greater in the diurnal period (group 2: 110 +/- 25 min and group 3: 117 +/- 23 min) compared with the nocturnal period (group 1: 94 +/- 23 min and group 4: 91 +/- 23 min) (P &lt; 0.01). The largest intraday variation of analgesia duration among groups reached 28%. Conclusions Epidural analgesia duration exhibits a temporal pattern with important differences among diurnal and nocturnal phases. The authors emphasize that the lack of consideration of the chronobiologic conditions in epidural analgesia studies may create significant statistical bias. Future studies dealing with epidural local anesthetics should consider the time of drug administration.

scholarly journals Rare Earth Elements Distribution in Weathered Volcanic Rock from Mamuju Area, West Sulawesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 921 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
R Ritonga ◽  
A Maulana ◽  
A Tonggiroh
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Weathering Profile ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Group 1

Abstract The study on the distribution of rare earth elements (REE) was carried out from bedrock and its weathering profile at North Botteng Village, Simboro District and Kelapa Tujuh Village, Mamuju District, Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi. This study aims to determine the potential and distribution of REE in the bedrock and its weathering profile and to identify the REE-bearing bedrock type. In addition, the relationship between REE and Zr element as one of REE associated elements is also discussed. The analytical method used include petrographic observations to identify the REE-bearing host rock and the ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) method to determine the REE content. Samples were taken from drilled hole samples in three different locations and classified into three groups, namely Group 1 (K-01 drill hole sample) and Group 2 (K-62 drill hole sample) from Kelapa Tujuh while Group 3 taken from the P-05 drill hole sample from North Botteng Village. Petrographic observations on the bedrock show that the REE are hosted by phonolitic leucitite composed of mainly leucite as phenocryst set in K-feldspar, plagioclase, pyroxene and opaque groundmass. REE content (expressed as TRE2O3 or total rare earth oxides) show a high concentration values ranging from 2000 - 6400 ppm and display variations enrichment in depth. The highest total REE content in Group 1 found in samples from 9 - 11 meters depth, which is 4600 ppm, while in Group 2 the highest concentration is from 4 - 5 meters depth with a total REE value of 2380 ppm and in Group 3 the highest value of REE content encountered at a depth of 6 - 7 meters, which is 6400 ppm. Zr content in Group 1 samples shows value range between 1780 - 2870 ppm whereas in Group 2 ranges from 1670 - 2380 ppm with the highest Zr concentration at a depth of 4 meters while in Group 3 the Zr content show values ranging from 2100 ppm - 4480 ppm with the highest concentration encountered a depth of 11 meters. The study results suggest that the relationship between REE and Zr element in Group 2 samples showed a positive relationship. Meanwhile, the Group 1 and 3 samples show a varied relationship. The REE concentration is controlled by elevation, in which areas with higher REE concentrations are encountered at elevations above 359 meter above sea level (masl) while low REE content concentrates in areas with elevations below 365 masl. REE enrichment is caused by weathering process that occurs on phonolitic leucite in the study area.

scholarly journals Рeculiarities of respiratory indicators in naval specialists with signs of professional burnout

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
P. A. Soshkin
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Professional Burnout ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Decisive Importance ◽  
Functional States ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Respiratory Gases ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Group 1

Introduction.A decrease in ventilation capacity entails a significant change in the kinetics of respiratory gases, which can lead to the formation of hypoxic, hypo- or hypercapnic states, which sharply limit the adaptive capabilities of the body and facilitate the formation of professional burnout syndrome, which predetermines the relevance of their study.Purpose: to assess respiratory performance in naval professionals who have (or do not) show signs of professional burnout.Materials and methods.The study involved 250 naval specialists aged 25 to 45 years, divided into 2 groups — with the absence (group 1 (n=91 people)) and the presence (group 2 (n=159 people)) signs of professional burnout, in which respiratory indicators.Results and its discussion. It was found that naval specialists with signs of professional burnout, as compared to those who do not have it, have significantly higher indicators for peak volumetric velocity, instantaneous and average volumetric vital capacity velocity, reserve expiratory volume, as well as assessing the ratio of reserve inhalation to exhalation volume; at the same time, such persons had a significantly lower index of the reserve inspiratory volume.Conclusion. It is advisable to take into account the indicators of the functioning of the respiratory system, which is of decisive importance in providing the body with oxygen, which ultimately determines the success of adaptation and the prevention of the occurrence of unacceptable functional states, which include professional burnout.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

The influence of continuous local wound infusion on postoperative pain in patients undergoing transfemoral amputation

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Uhl ◽  
Thomas Betz ◽  
Andrea Rupp ◽  
Markus Steinbauer ◽  
Ingolf Töpel
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Phantom Pain ◽  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Postoperative Wound ◽  
Stump Pain ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract. Summary: Background: This pilot study was set up to examine the effects of a continuous postoperative wound infusion system with a local anaesthetic on perioperative pain and the consumption of analgesics. Patients and methods: We included 42 patients in this prospective observational pilot study. Patients were divided into two groups. One group was treated in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol and in addition to that received a continuous local wound infusion treatment (Group 1). Group 2 was treated with analgesics in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol, exclusively. Results: The study demonstrated a significantly reduced postoperative VAS score for stump pain in Group 1 for the first 5 days. Furthermore, the intake of opiates was significantly reduced in Group 1 (day 1, Group 1: 42.1 vs. Group 2: 73.5, p = 0.010; day 2, Group 1: 27.7 vs. Group 2: 52.5, p = 0.012; day 3, Group 1: 23.9 vs. Group 2: 53.5, p = 0.002; day 4, Group 1: 15.7 vs. Group 2: 48.3, p = 0.003; day 5, Group 1 13.3 vs. Group 2: 49.9, p = 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups, neither in phantom pain intensity at discharge nor postoperative complications and death. Conclusions: Continuous postoperative wound infusion with a local anaesthetic in combination with a standard pain management protocol can reduce both stump pain and opiate intake in patients who have undergone transfemoral amputation. Phantom pain was not significantly affected.

Abnormal Haemostasis and Blood Viscosity in Malignant Hypertension

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Isles ◽  
G D O Lowe ◽  
B M Rankin ◽  
C D Forbes ◽  
N Lucie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Malignant Hypertension ◽  
Fibrin Deposition ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

SummaryWe have previously shown abnormalities of haemostasis suggestive of intravascular coagulation in patients with malignant hypertension, a condition associated with retinopathy and renal fibrin deposition. To determine whether such abnormalities are specific to malignant hypertension, we have measured several haemostatic and haemorheological variables in 18 patients with malignant hypertension (Group 1), 18 matched healthy controls (Group 2), and 18 patients with non-malignant hypertension (Group 3) matched for renal pathology, blood pressure and serum creatinine with Group 1. Both Groups 1 and 3 had increased mean levels of fibrinogen, factor VIIIc, beta-thrombo- globulin, plasma viscosity and blood viscosity (corrected for haematocrit); and decreased mean levels of haematocrit, antithrombin III and platelet count. Mean levels of fast antiplasmin and alpha2-macroglobulin were elevated in Group 1 but not in Group 3. We conclude that most blood abnormalities are not specific to malignant hypertension; are also present in patients with non-malignant hypertension who have similar levels of blood pressure and renal damage; and might result from renal damage as well as promoting further renal damage by enhancing fibrin deposition. However increased levels of fibrinolytic inhibitors in malignant hypertension merit further investigation in relation to removal of renal fibrin.

Total Knee Arthroplasty after Previous Ipsilateral Hip Arthroplasty Showed Lower Clinical Outcomes and Higher Leg Length Discrepancy Perception

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Jun Lee ◽  
Seong Hwan Kim ◽  
Nicolas Pujol ◽  
Yong-Beom Park
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Function Score ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Length Discrepancy ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ks Function ◽  
Group 1

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to compare perception of leg length discrepancy (LLD) and clinical results of total knee arthroplasties (TKA) in patients with or without previous ipsilateral hip arthroplasty. Between 2008 and 2015, navigation-assisted TKA was performed in 43 patients with previous hip arthroplasty after hip fracture. After 1:3 propensity score matching was performed, 108 patients of primary navigation-assisted TKA (group 1) and 36 patients with hip arthroplasty (group 2) were included. Knee Society (KS) scores, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) scores, and patients' satisfaction including perception of LLD were evaluated. Radiographic evaluation included mechanical axis, component position, and LLD. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find the factors that affect the clinical outcomes. No significant differences in radiologic and clinical evaluations, except for KS function score, patient's satisfaction and LLD (p< 0.001), were detected between the groups. LLD and its perception were significantly higher in group 2 (1.8 ± 3.4 mm in group 1 and 9.7 ± 4.1 mm in group 2, p = 0.000). Risk factors for the low KS function score were found as LLD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.403, p = 0.008) and previous hip arthroplasty itself (OR: 15.755, p = 0.002), but much higher OR was found in previous hip arthroplasty. Although the outcomes of TKA in patients with ipsilateral hip arthroplasty are comparable to those of primary TKA, LLD was high and patient's satisfaction and functional outcomes were low in patients with previous ipsilateral hip arthroplasty. Care should be taken when considering TKA in patients with previous hip arthroplasty. This is a Level III, case control study.

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