Χωροκοινωνικοί αποκλεισμοί στη σύγχρονη πόλη

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Χαρίκλεια Παντελίδου
Keyword(s):  
Gated Communities

Η διδακτορική αυτή εργασία διερευνά την ταυτότητα των gated communities ως μίας σύγχρονης μορφής χωροκοινωνικού αποκλεισμού στο πλαίσιο παραγωγής και κατανάλωσής τους. Με την έννοια αυτή διερευνώνται οι ποιότητες αποκλεισμού των gated communities υπό όρους χωρικότητας και κοινωνικού-πολιτικού-πολιτισμικού πλαισίου. Επιχειρείται μία κριτική θεώρηση της πολιτισμικής προσέγγισης του θέματος η οποία τίθεται ως κρατούσα στη βιβλιογραφία και η συγκρότηση μίας ευρύτερης κοινωνικής προσέγγισης στο πλαίσιο της οποίας εξετάζεται η σχέση του συγκεκριμένου χωρικού τύπου με το ζήτημα της ετερότητας και της κοινωνικής ανισότητας. Κεντρικό στόχο της εργασίας αποτελεί η διερεύνηση του τρόπου που οι gated communities ως μία σύγχρονη μορφή χωροκοινωνικού αποκλεισμού συνδέονται με τη διαμόρφωση του σύγχρονου δημόσιου, συλλογικού και ιδιωτικού χώρου και την αναθεωρημένη εννοιολόγησή τους, καθώς και με τον ανάλογο επανακαθορισμό του νέου αστικού χώρου. Η ένταξη των gated communities στην πραγματικότητα μίας ευρύτερης κατάτμησης της πόλης με όρους αποκλεισμού και αποκλειστικότητας, η σύσταση ενός συλλογικού χώρου με τις ιδιαιτερότητες που φέρει στη συγκεκριμένη περίπτωση, η ιδιαίτερη λειτουργία και σημασία των υλικών ορίων, οι αναγωγές του προβλήματος της πρόσβασης στο χώρο στις σχέσεις μεταξύ ιδιωτικού/δημόσιου και αστικού/κοινωνικού, συγκροτούν κάποιους βασικούς άξονες προσέγγισης του ζητήματος των gated communities, της ιδιαίτερης χωροκοινωνικής τους ταυτότητας και του λειτουργικού και σημασιολογικού τους ρόλου στο ευρύτερο αστικό σύνολο. Τα παραπάνω επιχειρούνται σε θεωρητικό επίπεδο στο πλαίσιο της θεωρίας του αστικού χώρου και των θεωριών του χώρου, καθώς και σε επίπεδο εφαρμογής ανάλυσης περιεχομένου σε κείμενο μυθιστορήματος. Η διερεύνηση της ταυτότητας των gated communities επέτρεψε τη συναγωγή συμπερασμάτων και την ίδρυση εννοιών σχετικά με τη μορφή και το περιεχόμενο του σύγχρονου αστικού χώρου.

scholarly journals What is beyond the edges? Gated communities and their role in China’s desire for harmonious cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Badiaa Hamama ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
New Urbanization

Abstract During the rapid process of urbanization in post-reform China, cities assumed the role of a catalyst for economic growth and quantitative construction. In this context, territorially bounded and well delimited urban cells, globally known as ‘gated communities’, xiaoqu, continued to define the very essence of Chinese cities becoming the most attractive urban form for city planners, real estate developers, and citizens alike. Considering the guidelines in China’s National New Urbanization Plan (2014–2020), focusing on the promotion of humanistic and harmonious cities, in addition to the directive of 2016 by China’s Central Urban Work Conference to open up the gates and ban the construction of new enclosed residential compounds, this paper raises the following questions: As the matrix of the Chinese urban fabric, what would be the role of the gated communities in China’s desire for a human-qualitative urbanism? And How to rethink the gated communities to meet the new urban challenges? Seeking alternative perspectives, this paper looks at the gated communities beyond the apparent limits they seem to represent, considering them not simply as the ‘cancer’ of Chinese cities, rather the container of the primary ingredients to reshape the urban fabric dominated by the gate.

Gated communities in Ankara: are they a tool of social segregation?

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-702
Author(s):  
Leyla Alkan-Gökler
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive View ◽  
Social Segregation ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Gated communities, surrounded by walls or fences, have emerged as a new trend in almost all cities in Turkey, and are homogenous in terms of the socioeconomic status of their occupants. Within these communities, several facilities and services are provided that are available only to the residents, with restrictions on access from the outside, and this has led to criticisms of social segregation. This study aims to analyze the impact of these communities on social segregation in Ankara, through two different surveys aimed at investigating the attitudes of the residents of local neighborhoods and gated communities toward each other. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyzes how the process of gating has affected social segregation in Ankara through two separate surveys: with the residents of gated communities and with the residents of local neighborhoods around these gated communities. Findings The study revealed that the residents of gated communities tended to have a positive view of the residents of local neighborhoods. In contrast, the responses of the local residents show evidence of feelings of social segregation, based on the presence of the high walls, fences and guards that are in place to keep them out of the community. Originality/value This study shows that, although segregation from the rest of the society is not the main reason for gating, the emergence of gated communities in Ankara leads inevitably to a socially and economically segregated city in which local residents feel excluded from these gated areas.

An economy of false securities? An analysis of murders inside gated residential developments in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowland Atkinson ◽  
Oliver Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Residential Developments ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Crime ◽  
Media Narratives ◽  
Forms Of Violence

The move to gated communities has been linked to both rising affluence and anxiety. These attempts to withdraw from the perceived dangers of urban areas are also predicated on the pursuit of a neighbourhood ideal, and freedom from danger is usually central to this ideal. This paper critically reconsiders these propositions by examining news reports and media narratives surrounding the nature of homicidal violence occurring within such developments. We have analysed fifty news reports from the last decade that address murder committed inside gated communities. In our analysis of these reports we suggest that attempts to neutralise danger in high crime societies are by no means guaranteed—even via the most strenuous efforts at deploying walls, gates and guards. Building on the arguments of Low (2003) and Zedner (2003), we suggest that demands for security are not only unending but that an outward-facing orientation that positions risk outside gated neighbourhoods is a denial of the continued danger of intimate and other forms of violence within communities and households behind gates. In this context the move to enclosure is more than a pragmatic attempt to defend against threat; it appears to reflect the impotence of efforts associated with addressing deep ontological insecurities. Studies continue to record high levels of fear in gated developments, and highly gendered risks of violence continue to be a part of the social reality of the segregated neighbourhood.

An Examination of Urban Vertical Gated Communities of Nagpur, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Wiedmann ◽  
Smita Khan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Sustainable Urbanism ◽  
Urban Patterns ◽  
Indian State ◽  
User Groups ◽  
New Type ◽  
Housing Typology

This paper explores a new type of housing in India and resulting urban dynamics in Nagpur, a Grade A city in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The accelerating urban growth rate led to a dynamic housing market to accommodate the on-going migration. A new housing typology can be identified as clusters of residential towers, developed as gated communities and marketed as first-class neighbourhoods for emerging higher income groups. This research is a timely effort to address the occurring challenges of future urban patterns produced by this housing typology in India. Various urban qualities are needed to foster sustainable urbanism. Housing patterns have a major impact on how urban environments work efficiently, how they accommodate different user groups and how city images, perceptions and thus lifestyles are affected. The paper investigates these new urban sites in relation to their socio-spatial interactions and the resulting production of urban qualities to foster a new understanding of this particular housing typology and its impact on urbanism in India. Analysing through the lens of three major urban qualities of urban efficiency, diversity and identity the study identifies the complex socio-spatial dynamics fostered by vertical gated communities in Nagpur city. The paper concludes with an outlook on the distinctive roles of architects and urban designers to develop synergies between this urban typology and its surroundings

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