scholarly journals Βιοηθική και δημόσια υγεία: από τη δεκαετία 1970 στην πανδημία COVID-19

Bioethica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Aikaterini A Aspradaki
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
System Reform ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Public Health Genetics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Ethics

The strong relationship between bioethics and public health has been put forward since the early 1970s. The HIV/AIDS epidemic, erupted in the 1980s, serves as a catalyst for the broadening of the bioethics frameworks by the inclusion of ethical issues faced in public health. From the beginning of the 21st century, public health ethics has been emerged as a discipline and has been established as a subfield of bioethics.Topics in public health ethics include, among others, the public health research, the ethics and infectious disease control, the ethics of health promotion and disease prevention, the ethical issues in environmental and occupational health, the public health and health system reform: allocation of resources, access, priority setting, the international collaboration for global public health, the vulnerability and marginalized populations, the public health genetics, the public health genomics. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to constitute an area of conceptual and practical overlapping of all the above-mentioned topics and gives huge boost to research interest for public health bioethics.This paper explains the relationship between bioethics and public health through two time periods and, in particular, the “early” 1970s- 1990s era and the2000s & 2010s that is the period of the emergence and establishment of public health ethics marked, at the end, by the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Ethical Issues In Public Health Research

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Mahmood Uz Jahan ◽  
Shaorin Tanira
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Ethical Reasoning ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Scientific Integrity ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Health Goals

Public health is the societal approach to protecting and promoting health. Public health ethics can be defined as the identification, analysis, and resolution of ethical problems arising in public health practice and research. The emerging interest in ethical issues in public health research and practice reflects both the important societal role of public health and the growing public interest in the scientific integrity of health information and the equitable distribution of health care resources. This article provides an overview of ethical issues in public health research for young researchers and readers who do not necessarily have an in-depth knowledge of public health ethics. A framework of ethics analysis geared specifically for public health is needed to provide practical guidance for public health professionals and researchers in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Medical Research Council is playing a role in setting a standard in the field of biomedical research including public health concerning its strategy and ethical issues and by helping different health institutes to build up a research environment. Though public policy is based on many factors in addition to public health goals and ethical reasoning, it should not lead to the politically preferable option for a given time. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v1i3.9630 Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2010; 1(3): 15-21

An Overview of Ethics and Environmental Health

2019 ◽  
pp. 697-703
Author(s):  
David B. Resnik
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Wide Range

This chapter provides an overview of the ethics of environmental health, and it introduces five chapters in the related section of The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics. A wide range of ethical issues arises in managing the relationship between human health and the environment, including regulation of toxic substances, air and water pollution, waste management, agriculture, the built environment, occupational health, energy production and use, environmental justice, population control, and climate change. The values at stake in environmental health ethics include those usually mentioned in ethical debates in biomedicine and public health, such as autonomy, social utility, and justice, as well as values that address environmental concerns, such as animal welfare, stewardship of biological resources, and sustainability. Environmental health ethics, therefore, stands at the crossroads of several disciplines, including public health ethics, environmental ethics, biomedical ethics, and business ethics.

An Overview of the Ethics of Health Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Maria W. Merritt ◽  
Adnan A. Hyder
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Health Systems Research ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
System Level ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Systems Research

This chapter relates public health ethics to selected questions regarding health systems ethics and provides overviews of chapters in the section of The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics dedicated to health systems. National and subnational health systems aim chiefly to improve population health. Public health is a collective good whose promotion takes government action, raising ethical issues in stewardship, governance, and accountability. Moral justifications for public health activities, including overall benefit, collective efficiency, distributive fairness, and harm prevention, are considered by way of examining global human resources for health, with an eye to efficiency, equity, rights, and other ethical issues. Worldwide interest in health systems strengthening has boosted investment in health systems research, taking traditional research ethics to the population level in the field of health systems research ethics. The idea of a learning health care system (LHCS) represents a dynamic interface where health care delivery can be continuously improved through systemic data collection undertaken in conjunction with clinical care, posing new system-level ethical opportunities and ethical challenges.

Ethical principles and ethical issues in public health

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-272
Author(s):  
Nancy Kass ◽  
Amy Paul ◽  
Andrew Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Social Justice Theory

Public health ethics considers moral dimensions of public health practice and research. While medical ethics dates back hundreds of years, and bioethics writings emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, ‘public health ethics’, articulated as such, did not appear significantly in the literature for several more decades. There has been great interest recently in defining public health ethics, examining how it resembles or differs from medical ethics or bioethics, outlining frameworks and codes, and providing conceptual and practical guidance on how ethics can inform public health practice and research. This chapter describes the emergence of public health ethics; work in bioethics with relevance for public health; the relevance of social justice theory in addressing public health problems; and discusses literature on ethics and public health research, including whether public health research ethics might differ from ethical guidance for other human research. The chapter concludes with an overview of ethics issues related to genetic research and emerging technologies.

scholarly journals The two most important questions for ethical public health

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Coggon ◽  
Lawrence O Gostin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Public Health Community ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Theoretical Question ◽  
Practical Question

AbstractPublic health ethics is a distinct and established field, and it is important that its approaches and rationales are understood widely in the public health community. Such understanding includes the capacity to identify and combine principled and practical concerns in public health. In this paper, we present a background to the ideas that motivate public health ethics as a field of research and practice, and rationalize these through a critical ethico-legal approach to analysis. Two essential points of inquiry are identified and formulated to allow philosophical and practical agendas regarding public health to be combined. These come through asking the theoretical question ‘what makes health public?’; and the practical question ‘how do we make health public?’. We argue that these two questions require to be addressed if we are to achieve a robust and rigorous, ethical public health.

Value-driven workforce, systems and leadership

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Tahzib
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Organisational Values

Abstract Background Our norms and values are key to decision making, policy and practice. Some commentators have highlighted need for greater courage and purpose in public health leaders and systems. There is need for greater appreciation of moral mandate of public health and implications for public health system leadership and capacity building activities and practice Objectives Demonstrate the case for value-driven workforce, systems and leadership Share key findings and learning from research by the Faculty of public health around the public health values, and activities to build capacity and competency around the issue. Body of the session Surveys of the public health workforce and schools of public health have consistently highlighted need for education and training in public health ethics and law for some time and their key role for effective public health policy and practice. In this presentation there will be demonstration of the key findings of the surveys and their consequences, including moral distress for the workforce and potential failings of public health systems Some key activities and initiatives in building competency and capacity in public health ethics and law will be described. This will include activities to develop organisational values and professional values and the important distinctions between them, and development of public health code of ethics and professional conduct as part of efforts for professionalisation of the public health workforce. Conclusions Value-driven workforce, systems and leadership are key in meeting complex public health challenges. Building competency and capacity of the workforce and public health institutions are important part of the agenda.

scholarly journals THE PUBLIC IN PUBLIC HEALTH ETHICS: THE PUBLIC HEALTH SOCIETY RESPONDS

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Terry Brandenburg ◽  
James Guillory ◽  
Alan Melnick ◽  
James C. Thomas ◽  
Clayton Williams
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Ethics

Public Health Ethics: The Voices of Practitioners

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (S4) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Gaare Bernheim
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
New Public

Public health ethics is emerging as a new field of inquiry, distinct not only from public health law, but also from traditional medical ethics and research ethics. Public health professional and scholarly attention is focusing on ways that ethical analysis and a new public health code of ethics can be a resource for health professionals working in the field. This article provides a preliminary exploration of the ethical issues faced by public health professionals in day-to-day practice and of the type of ethics education and support they believe may be helpful.

“Public Health, Public Goods, and Market Failure”

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Chad Horne
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Recent Criticism ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Health Related

Abstract This discussion revises and extends Jonny Anomaly's ‘public goods’ account of public health ethics in light of recent criticism from Richard Dees. Public goods are goods that are both non-rival and non-excludable. What is significant about such goods is that they are not always provided efficiently by the market. Indeed, the state can sometimes realize efficiency gains either by supplying such goods directly or by compelling private purchase. But public goods are not the only goods that the market may fail to provide efficiently. This point to a way of broadening the public goods account of public health to accommodate Dees' counterexamples, without abandoning its distinctive appeal. On the market failures approach to public health ethics, the role of public health is to correct public health-related market failures of all kinds, so far as possible. The underlying moral commitment is to economic efficiency in the sense of Pareto: if we can re-allocate resources in the economy so as to raise the welfare of some without lowering the welfare of any other, we ought to do so.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document