scholarly journals Auction Transaction Risk Analysis and Risk Control Countermeasures

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
明皓 刘
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Control

Designing for Problem Prevention

2011 ◽  
pp. 234-248
Author(s):  
Enid Mumford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The Future ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
New System

Participative systems design has, in the past, been seen as a positive group process of thinking through needs and problems and arriving at solutions for making the situation better. This improved situation then continues until new technology or new solutions provide an opportunity for making the situation better still. So far this book has concentrated on how to make the best use of the positive factors assisting change, especially change that involves the introduction and use of technology. It has described the importance of getting a clear understanding of the change problem and its complexity, of developing effective strategies to address this complexity, and of the creation of structures, often organizational, to facilitate the subsequent use of the new system. This last requires always keeping in mind the need to meet the dual objectives of achieving operating efficiency and a good quality of working life. This is often described as job satisfaction. Most of all there has been a continual stress on the importance of participation. This involves sharing the design tasks with those who will be affected by them and taking account of their opinions in design decisions. This chapter addresses the reverse of this positive objective. It considers the negative factors in a change situation which are likely to cause problems and to threaten the success of the change programme and of the new system. There are very many of these kinds of problems and it is only possible to discuss a few here. The ones I have selected are criminal threats which affect the future viability of the company, technical problems which reduce efficiency, unpleasant and stressful work that threatens employee health, and problems of morale which affect the individual’s happiness in the workplace. A consideration of negative factors brings us into the challenging areas of uncertainty and risk. Uncertainty is when we do not know what is going to happen and often contains an element of surprise. This is especially true today when so many decisions depend on forecasts of the future. A contributing factor here can be an overemphasis on the present as a means of forecasting the future. Uncertainty is also often a result of the behaviour of others rather than of events. This is hard to predict. Experts tell us that today we are living in a risk society (Beck, 1992). Complex design problems can have a high degree of uncertainty and easily become risks. They often have a subjective element, for what one person considers a problem or a risk, another will see as an opportunity. Complex problems also require information for their solution and this may be difficult to find. It requires the ability to search for, analyse and synthesise, relevant intelligence and relate it to past, current and future events. Threats to important institutions from terrorists are of a different nature and scale to those that have been experienced before. Many will take us completely by surprise. Bernstein (1996) suggests that the essence of risk management lies in maximising the areas which we have some control over while minimising those areas where we have no control over the outcome and the linkage between cause and effect is hidden. When we take a risk we are making a bet that a particular outcome will result from the decision we have made although we have no certainty that this will happen. Risk management usually starts with risk analysis, which attempts to establish and rank the most serious risks to be avoided so far as these are known. Here many companies attempt to achieve a balance between the benefits of greater security and the costs involved. Too high a level of security, while providing good protection, can result in a system that is both difficult to use and expensive to operate (Mumford, 1999). Risk analysis next moves on to risk assessment. This is an analysis of the seriousness of different risks by determining the probability and potential damage of each one. For example, major risks can come from a large concentration of data in one place that is accessed by many different people, not all of whom are known. There can be relationships between risks. Clifford Stoll’s (1990) book The Cuckoo’s Egg shows how the ability of a German hacker to enter a university laboratory computer made it possible for him to later enter into the computers of United States military bases. Risk analysis identifies the risks; risk assessment tries to estimate how likely they are to happen and how serious the consequences will be. Risk priorisation recognises that all companies cannot be protected from all risks and choices must be made. Risk impact is the likely magnitude of the loss if a system break-in, fraud or other serious problem occurs. Risk control involves further actions to reduce the risk and to trigger further defensive actions if a very serious problem occurs. Risk control also covers the monitoring of risk on a regular basis to check that existing protection is still effective. This can lead to risk reassessment. Very serious risks such as those coming from terrorist attack or criminal activity require monitoring. This, together with the detailed documentation of any problems or illegal activities when they occur, is essential to avoid complacency. An effective system must both prevent problems and detect when they have occurred. All of these activities to design security into a system require human vigilance if they are to be effective. All employees should accept some responsibility for checking that the system they work with continues to maintain its integrity and security. This chapter will place its main focus on protective problem solving and design directed at avoiding or minimising very serious risks. Today, it is unwise for managers to neglect this. Because of its growth in recent years and its prevalence today criminal activity will be examined first in some detail. Particular attention will be paid to how the involvement of employees in problem solving can play a part in reducing or avoiding this.

Study on Risk Analysis and Control of Oil Tank Based on Environmental Safety

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 882-886
Author(s):  
Qi Dong Yong ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Yao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Concept Model ◽  
Oil Tank ◽  
Oil Tanks ◽  
And Control ◽  
Medium Storage

Risk analysis and calculation about different position from oil tank, is to supply the scientific basis on risk control and design of precaution device. The risk factors of the oil tank as the start is analyzed, and risk concept model under several uncertain influences of storage medium, storage amount, newness extent,distance among oil tanks and environment is established;the different position of oil tank risk calculation models and their risk levels precaution method under single tank coupled with several tanks are put forward. According to the case simulated, the method can be used in risk control.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI BAHAYA DAN PENGENDALIANNYA PADA PEKERJAAN BEKISTING ALUMA SYSTEM PROYEK X

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Kusumo Dradjad Sutjahjo ◽  
Tri Wulan Sari ◽  
Fadhlina Sahara
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Weak Supervision ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Work Accidents ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Hierarchy ◽  
Level Of Risk

Work at height is a job with a high risk of accidents, such as in the formwork aluma system. Weak supervision and a lack of knowledge of the workforce on potential hazards and risk control of the formwork aluma system are some of the causes of the high incidence of work accidents in this work. This research was conducted on the formwork aluma system of the BRI Gatot Subroto tower project, South Jakarta. The goal is to determine the potential hazards and risk control of aluma system formwork. Risk analysis is carried out using the AS / NZS 4360: 2004 standard to determine the level of risk to the potential hazards of the aluma system formwork. Potential hazards in the formwork aluma system are falling, bumping, being cut, punctured and crushed, with the level of risk being at high, substantial, medium and low levels. Risk control is carried out by the control hierarchy, namely elimination, substitution, engineering, administration, and control of PPE.

scholarly journals Risk Control Technology for Water Inrush during the Construction of Deep, Long Tunnels

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Yiming Liu ◽  
Yuanpu Xia ◽  
Hao Lu ◽  
Ziming Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Water Inrush ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Changes In Risk

Water inrush is one of the main disasters occurring during tunnel construction in complex geological areas: once it happens, it can cause economic losses, casualties, and delay. Based on risk analysis and management, a risk control scheme is proposed as an effective means to control the risk of such a disaster; however, there are some deficiencies in existing research because the impacts of human factors on the risk of water inrush, dynamic changes in risk information during construction, and the diversity of types of water inrush are neglected. To enrich the research results of water inrush risk control and improve the effect of water inrush risk control, we first use the advantages of Bayesian network to analyse risk events, construct a Bayesian network structure chart of water inrush risk during construction, and propose a fuzzy probability risk analysis model for water inrush. The model can quickly track changes in risk information and diagnose the cause of water inrush disasters while providing an early warning thereof. In addition, considering that the diversity of water inrush types leads to differences in water inrush mechanisms, we believe that the formulation of any water inrush risk control scheme must be combined with water inrush mechanism analysis; therefore, we take a nondefect generated water inrush in front of the tunnel as a representative case and analyse the possible mechanism of water inrush through the stability analysis of the water-resisting strata. Then, based on the results of risk analysis and an analysis of the water inrush mechanism, a reasonable risk control scheme for water inrush is derived.

scholarly journals Risk-informed Decision Making

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (01) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal M. Ayyub ◽  
Peter G. Prassinos ◽  
John Etherton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Risk Management Strategy ◽  
Risk Avoidance ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Risk Transfer ◽  
Consequence Mitigation

This article presents an overview of the need for inclusion of an effective risk analysis program in a product’s lifecycle. Risk-based technologies (RBT) are tools and processes used to assess and manage the risks of a component—or even of an entire system. One RBT method is risk assessment, which consists of hazard identification, scenario-probability assessment, and consequence assessment. Another method is risk control, which uses failure prevention and consequence mitigation, as well as risk communication. Risk can be quantified by estimating probabilities and consequences in a qualitative manner using expert opinion and communicated using matrices for preliminary screening. There are four primary ways available to deal with risk within the context of a risk management strategy: risk reduction or elimination, risk transfer, risk avoidance, and risk absorbance or pooling. The use of tools such as risk analysis helps enable decision makers to be as informed on the risks involved with each choice as they are with other important parameters of the system such as strategic importance, schedule criticality, cost, and customer satisfaction.

Risk Management in Work Activities at Ammonia Plant Fertilizer Production Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Dhea Rizky Novandhini ◽  
M. Affan Mahfudz ◽  
Indriati Paskarini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Fertilizer Production ◽  
Ammonia Plant ◽  
Production Industry

 Introduction: PT X is one of the companies in fertilizer production industry. There are two high-risk activities that endanger the safety and health of workers, namely supervision of welding and oil level checking in ammonia plant field of PT X. The purpose of this research was to apply risk management to the activities. Method: This research was a descriptive study which was carried out in observation using a cross sectional design. Variables in this study included hazard identification, basic risk analysis, risk control that has been done, existing risk analysis, and risk reduction assessment. The tools used for the data collection were observation sheets, interview guide sheets, and Job Safety Analysis sheets. Data that has been obtained through observation and interviews was processed using Fine (1971) semi quantitative technique. Results: The results of hazard identification were known to have as many as 6 potential hazards. The assessment results in the basic risk analysis showed that the initial risk level consisted of 3 risks with very high level, 2 risks with a substantial level and 1 risk with priority 3 level. After the risk control effort was applied, the results of the assessment in the existing risk analysis showed that the level of risk has decreased significantly. Conclusion: The value of risk reduction of each potential hazard results decreases by 95%, 88.89%, 85%, 93.33%, 66.67%, and 75%.Keywords: ammonia plant, fertilizer production industry, risk management

Optimization of Production Plan and Risk Control in Qinshan III NPP

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Production Plan ◽  
Plan Execution ◽  
Star Rating ◽  
Routine Production ◽  
Periodic Test ◽  
Maintenance Work

Optimized and improved measures have been implemented in Qinshan III NPP to optimize the management of routine production plan, strengthen maintenance work risk analysis, and improve the plan execution capability, which involve unified management of generation, refuelling, periodic test and maintenance plans, simplifying the defect scales and reducing interlinks of defect disposal, intensifying the assessment on plan execution and adopting performance evaluation and star rating measures.

scholarly journals Risk Management in Kitesurfing as a Basic Condition of Effective Learning and Safe Swimming

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Wojciech Wiesner ◽  
Piotr Kunysz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Safety Risk ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
Internal Character ◽  
Level Of Risk

Abstract This article discusses issues related to safety during kitesurfing (swimming on a board with a kite). The considerations are based on risk management procedures. These procedures can be described interchangeably as managing your own safety. Risk management allows you to minimize threats without sacrificing your planned sport goals. The authors first describe the procedures related to the identification of threats occurring in this discipline. Teaching and practicing kitesurfing involves overcoming a large number of threats. These threats can have both external and internal character. The next stage is risk analysis, understood as the product of negative events and the probability of their occurrence. Afterwards, we discuss the ways of dealing with the threat in the event of its occurrence. The last stage is the risk control (tracking) - whether new threats have emerged, or the level of risk has remained unchanged. The described methodical impacts can be labelled as education for safety.

Risk Control Through Evaluation of Catastrophic Scenarios

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Vicente Amórtegui Gil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Suggested Method ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
Threatening Processes ◽  
Hydrocarbon Transport

Abstract In sectors where pipelines cross areas exposed to severe hazards or where the consequences are serious, traditional analyses based on the Risk Analysis Matrix (RAM) do not reflect the effect of the works and actions taken for risk control. That condition induces the idea of ineffectiveness or uselessness of the works and actions taken for protection and reinforcement. In this paper, for those situations it is proposed the analysis of hypothetical scenarios to determine which of them can become catastrophic, in order to assess which situations can trigger a catastrophe, and in consequence to take actions regarding them and thus to avoid the catastrophic situation. The suggested method consists in proposing scenarios of damages, corresponding an event of loss of product containment of a hydrocarbon transport system. In those scenarios, the following consequences of the oil spill are determined: the behaviour of the product, its route, the site of rupture, the possible threats that affect it, and the triggers of the threatening processes. Critical or catastrophic scenarios are selected and the chain of events regarding them is determined as detailed as possible. When analysing that chain, it is possible to find actions that may modify it, such as the control of the route so that it does not reach the sensitive elements, the strengthening of the pipeline to bear the hazards, the reinforcement of the ground to prevent the action of the hazards and to avoid that the hazard takes place. It must be determined how to protect the exposed elements and how to handle the spilled product to avoid the affectation of the elements mentioned above. For this point, it is important to know the infrastructure of the Contingency Plan and therefore to evaluate the possibility of strengthening it.

Collision Risk Analysis for Offshore Structures and Offshore Wind Farms

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Povel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Approval Process ◽  
Collision Risk ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms

For the approval process of offshore platforms and offshore wind farms, risk analyses that consider collisions between ships and stationary offshore structures are helpful and sometimes necessary. Ship traffic, meteorological and hydrological data are important input information for the investigated sea area. Possible collision scenarios with powered ships sailing into the structures and disabled ships drifting into the structures have to be investigated to determine the collision probabilities and the consequences. Furthermore, risk control measures have to be examined and assessed in such risk analyses. In recent years, Germanischer Lloyd has developed and applied suitable methods and procedures to evaluate the collision risk, including the influence of risk control measures. For these analyses, Germanischer Lloyd developed an analysis software that uses Monte Carlo simulations. For the evaluation of different risk control measures, Bayesian nets are used to determine the reduction of the collision probabilities for powered and drifting vessels and the corresponding risk. In this paper, the methods and processes that were developed are presented together with results of a sample collision risk analysis. Moreover, experience in the practical application of collision risk analyses is discussed, as part of the approval process for offshore wind farms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document