scholarly journals Three-dimensional Dynamics of the Golgi Apparatus in Mitotic Parotid Acinar Cells: Computer-aided Reconstruction from Cytochemically-marked Ultrathin Serial Sections.

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Tamaki ◽  
Shohei Yamashina
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Parotid Acinar Cells ◽  
Computer Aided

scholarly journals Three-dimensional ultrastructure of a unicellular cyanobacterium.

1983 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Nierzwicki-Bauer ◽  
D L Balkwill ◽  
S E Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thylakoid Membranes ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Unicellular Cyanobacterium ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Computer Aided

The first complete three-dimensional ultrastructural reconstruction of a cyanobacterium was accomplished with high-voltage electron microscopy and computer-aided assembly of serial sections. The precise arrangement of subcellular features within the cell body was very consistent from one cell to another. Specialized inclusion bodies always occupied specific intracellular locations. The photosynthetic thylakoid membranes entirely surrounded the central portion of the cytoplasm, thereby compartmentalizing it from the rest of the cell. The thylakoid membranes formed an interconnecting network of concentric shells, merging only at the inner surface of the cytoplasmic membrane. The thylakoids were in contact with the cytoplasmic membrane at several locations, apparently to maintain the overall configuration of the thylakoid system. These results clarified several unresolved issues regarding structure-function relationships in cyanobacteria.

Three dimensional structure of the leishmania amastigote as revealed by computer-aided reconstruction from serial sections

Parasitology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Coombs ◽  
L. Tetley ◽  
V. A. Moss ◽  
K. Vickerman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Total Cell Volume

SUMMARYComputer-aided reconstruction from serial sections has been used to analyse the 3-dimensional structure of entire amastigotes of Leishmania mexicana mexicana and to determine the number, arrangement and volume of each organelle. In two reconstructions, the lysosome-like ‘megasomes’ were the most numerous organelle, there being 34 in one amastigote, and they comprised as much as 15% of the total cell volume. In contrast, as few as 9 glycosomes were present, accounting for less than 1% of the cell volume. The unitary nature of the mitochondrion was confirmed and its complex basket-like structure was revealed. The spatial arrangement of the cell organelles is here displayed in stereo-pairs.

scholarly journals Structural Integrity of the Golgi Stack Is Essential for Normal Secretory Functions of Rat Parotid Acinar Cells: Effects of Brefeldin A and Okadaic Acid

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1611-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Tamaki ◽  
Shohei Yamashina
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Okadaic Acid ◽  
Cathepsin D ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Brefeldin A ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Golgi Stack ◽  
Parotid Acinar Cells ◽  
Rat Parotid

We examined the effects of specific inhibitors, brefeldin A (BFA) and okadaic acid (OA), on the ultrastructural organization of the Golgi apparatus and distributions of amylase, Golgi-associated proteins, and cathepsin D in the rat parotid acinar cells. BFA induced a rapid regression of the Golgi stack into rudimentary Golgi clusters composed of tubulovesicules, in parallel with a redistribution of the Golgi-resident proteins and a coat protein (β-COP) into the region of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) or cytosol. The rapid disruption of the Golgi stack could also be induced by the effect of OA. However, redistribution of the Golgi proteins in rER or cytosol could not be observed and β-COP was not dispersed but was retained on the rudimentary Golgi apparatus. These findings suggested that the mechanism of OA in inducing degeneration of the Golgi stack was markedly different from that of BFA. In addition, missorting of amylase, a Golgi protein, and cathepsin D into incorrect transport pathways is apparent in the course of the disruption of the Golgi stack by OA. These Golgi-disrupting effects are reversible and the reconstruction of the stacked structure of the Golgi apparatus started immediately after the removal of inhibitors. In the recovery processes, missorting was also observed until the integrated structure of the Golgi apparatus was completely reconstructed. This suggested that the integrated structure of the Golgi apparatus was quite necessary for the occurrence of normal secretory events, including proper sorting of molecules.

Buds of the Golgi Apparatus in Parotid Acinar Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
Hideaki Tamaki ◽  
Akihisa Segawa ◽  
Shohei Yamashina
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Parotid Acinar Cells

scholarly journals Effects of secretory stimulation on the Golgi apparatus and GERL of rat parotid acinar cells.

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Hand ◽  
C Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Parotid Acinar Cells ◽  
Golgi Region ◽  
Thiamine Pyrophosphatase ◽  
Rat Parotid

The structure and cytochemistry of the Golgi apparatus and GERL of rat parotid acinar cells was studied after in vivo secretory stimulation with isoproterenol. Discharge of mature secretory granules was complete within 1 hr after isoproterenol injection, but immature granules in the Golgi region or near the lumen were not released. At early times (1-5 hr) after isoproterenol, acid phosphatase (AcPase) activity was markedly increased in GERL and immature secretory granules compared to uninjected controls. GERL appeared increased in extent and numerous continuities with immature granules were observed. Reaccumulation of mature secretory granules was first evident at 5 hr, and was almost complete by 16 hr after isoproterenol. Thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) activity, normally restricted to the trans Golgi saccules, was frequently present in immature granules during this time. Narrow cisternae resembling GERL, occasionally in continuity with immature granules, also contained TPPase reaction product. By 16-24 hr after stimulation, the activity and distribution of AcPase and TPPase were similar to control cells. These results demonstrate the dynamic nature of the Golgi apparatus and GERL in parotid acinar cells, and emphasize the close structural and functional relationship between these two structures.

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