scholarly journals Vitamin D Status in Pregnant Women in Southern China and Risk of Preterm Birth: A Large-Scale Retrospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 7755-7762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yu ◽  
Yong Guo ◽  
Hai-Jin Ke ◽  
Yan-si He ◽  
Di Che ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Vitamin D Status

scholarly journals Seasonal variability of vitamin D status in patients with inflammatory bowel disease – A retrospective cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e0217238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Elisabeth Janssen ◽  
Anna Maria Globig ◽  
Andrea Busse Grawitz ◽  
Dominik Bettinger ◽  
Peter Hasselblatt
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Ergocalciferol Versus Cholecalciferol in Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Small Retrospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 593-598
Author(s):  
Akram Al-Makki ◽  
Kaitlin Frost ◽  
Sang-A Yun ◽  
Brian Overholser ◽  
Brian Shepler
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to measure the difference between cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol in their ability to effect vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, and phosphorous serum concentrations in patients with stage 3 or 4 chronic kidney disease. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted within a single-center ambulatory nephrology clinic. Patients eligible for the study were identified through medical records displaying each patient’s initiation on either ergocalciferol or cholecalciferol from 2013 to 2016. Patients’ baseline vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorous serum concentrations were taken prior to treatment initiation, and patients were reassessed with a second measurement within 12 months of therapy. Results: Out of 149 eligible patients, 110 were excluded. There were 33 patients included on cholecalciferol and 6 patients on ergocalciferol. A significant difference was observed in the percent change of phosphorous serum concentrations from baseline following drug administration (p=0.03). The mean changes from baseline to final serum phosphorous concentrations (mg/dL) were 0.12 and -0.3 for cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol, respectively. There was no significant difference in vitamin D (14.9, 15.1, p=0.97), PTH (5.6, 2.3, p=0.72), or calcium (0.05, -0.17, p=0.08) serum concentrations between cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol, respectively. There was a statistically significant increase in the mean change in serum phosphorous concentrations within the cholecalciferol group compared to the ergocalciferol group. Conclusion: In this small pilot study, cholecalciferol treatment appeared to increase serum phosphorous concentrations compared to ergocalciferol. These observations may warrant further large-scale studies that are appropriately powered to validate such findings.

scholarly journals Morbidity in Late Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study Assessing the Role of Immaturity versus Antecedent Factors

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Melissa Lorenzo ◽  
Megan Laupacis ◽  
Wilma M. Hopman ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad ◽  
Faiza Khurshid
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Late Preterm Birth ◽  
Apnea Of Prematurity

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Late preterm infants (LPIs) are infants born between 34<sup>0/7</sup> and 36<sup>6/7</sup> weeks gestation. Morbidities in these infants are commonly considered a result of prematurity; however, some research has suggested immaturity may not be the sole cause of morbidities. We hypothesize that antecedents leading to late preterm birth are associated with different patterns of morbidities and that morbidities are the result of gestational age superimposed by the underlying etiologies of preterm delivery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective cohort study of late preterm neonates born at a single tertiary care center. We examined neonatal morbidities including apnea of prematurity, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, and the requirement for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the risk of each morbidity associated with 3 categorized antecedents of delivery, that is, spontaneous preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and medically indicated birth. We calculated the predictive probability of each antecedent resulting in individual morbidity across gestational ages. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 279 LPIs were included in the study. Decreasing gestational age was associated with significantly increased risk of apnea of prematurity, hyperbilirubinemia, and requirement of CPAP. In our cohort, the risk of hypoglycemia increased with gestational age, with the greatest incidence at 36<sup>0−6</sup> weeks. There was no significant association of risk of selected morbidities and the antecedents of late preterm delivery, with or without adjustment for gestational age, multiple gestation, small for gestational age (SGA), antenatal steroids, and delivery method. <b><i>Discussion and Conclusion:</i></b> This study found no difference in morbidity risk related to 3 common antecedents of preterm birth in LPIs. Our research suggests that immaturity is the primary factor in determining adverse outcomes, intensified by factors resulting in prematurity.

scholarly journals Relationship between vaginal group B streptococcus colonization in the early stage of pregnancy and preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Tano ◽  
Takuji Ueno ◽  
Michinori Mayama ◽  
Takuma Yamada ◽  
Takehiko Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Group B ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Abstract Background Although infection and inflammation within the genital tract during pregnancy is considered a major risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), there are few studies on association between vaginal microorganisms in the early stage of pregnancy and PTB. The aim of this study was to investigate relationship between vaginal Group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization, a leading cause of infection during pregnancy, in the early stage of pregnancy and PTB. Methods This single-center, retrospective cohort study utilized data from 2009 to 2017 obtained at TOYOTA Memorial Hospital. Women with singleton pregnancies who underwent vaginal culture around 14 weeks of gestation during their routine prenatal check-up were included. Vaginal sampling for Gram staining and culture was performed regardless of symptoms. GBS colonization was defined as positive for GBS latex agglutination assay. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with PTB. Results Overall 1079 singleton pregnancies were included. GBS (5.7%) and Candida albicans (5.5%) were the most frequently observed microorganisms. The incidence of PTB (before 34 and before 37 weeks of gestation) were significantly higher in the GBS-positive group than in the GBS-negative group (6.6% vs 0.5%, p = 0.001 and 9.8% vs 4.3%, p = 0.047). Our multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that GBS colonization was a factor associated with PTB before 34 and before 37 weeks of gestation (Odds ratio [OR] 15.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.73–61.74), and OR 2.42; 95%CI 1.01–5.91, respectively). Conclusions The present study found that vaginal GBS colonization in the early stage of pregnancy was associated with PTB. Our study indicates that patients at a high risk for PTB can be extracted by a simple method using conventional culture method.

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