Optical topography recording of cortical activity during high frequency yoga breathing and breath awareness Comment to: Non-invasive assessment of hemispheric language dominance by optical topography during a brief passive listening test: A pilot study Stefano Bembich, Sergio Demarini, Andrea Clarici, Stefano Massaccesi, Domenico Grasso Med Sci Monit 2011; 17(12): CR692-697

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. LE3-LE4
Author(s):  
Shirley Telles ◽  
Nilkamal Singh ◽  
Ram Kumar Gupta ◽  
Acharya Balkrishna
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Language Dominance ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Passive Listening ◽  
Breath Awareness ◽  
Optical Topography ◽  
Hemispheric Language Dominance

scholarly journals Non-invasive assessment of hemispheric language dominance by optical topography during a brief passive listening test: A pilot study

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. CR692-CR697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Bembich ◽  
Sergio Demarini ◽  
Andrea Clarici ◽  
Stefano Massaccesi ◽  
Domenico Loenardo Grasso
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Language Dominance ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Passive Listening ◽  
Optical Topography ◽  
Hemispheric Language Dominance

scholarly journals fMRI for language: how can it replace the Wada test?

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (S1) ◽  
pp. S27-S27
Author(s):  
S Mousavi ◽  
A Massot Tarrus ◽  
F Bihari ◽  
S Hayman Abello ◽  
B Hayman Abello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
Wada Test ◽  
Language Dominance ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Language Area ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Verb Generation ◽  
Hemispheric Language Dominance

Background: The goal of our project is to assess the feasibility of replacing the invasive Wada test considered as the gold standard with non-invasive fMRI test for assessment of language dominance preoperatively. Methods: fMRI test with three language paradigm tasks (verb generation, sentence completion and naming) were conducted on our cohort of patients. fMRI laterality indices (LI) were then defined as a ratio (L-R)/(L+R) between the number of activated voxels in the left and right ROIs for Anterior Language Area (ALA) and Posterior Language Area (PLA). fMRI results were divided into the right (LI < -0.2), left (LI > 0.2) or bilateral (-0.2 < LI <0.2) hemispheric language dominance and compared to the results of the Wada test. Results: 28 patients were studied. The concordance rate between Wada and fMRI tests for the ALA and PLA was 68.2% and 52.2% for sentence completion; 56% and 52% for verb generation and 25% and 35% for naming paradigm, respectively. Conclusions: Sentence completion and verb generation fMRI paradigms showed higher concordance with Wada test than naming paradigm. The higher discordance between the Wada test and fMRI was related to bilateral results suggestive of less stringent thresholds used for either test.

Non-Invasive Distinction of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease using Urinary Volatile Organic Compound Analysis: Early Results

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh P. Arasaradnam ◽  
Michael McFarlane ◽  
Emma Daulton ◽  
Erik Westenbrink ◽  
Nicola O’Connell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background & Aims: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the commonest cause of chronic liver disease in the western world. Current diagnostic methods including Fibroscan have limitations, thus there is a need for more robust non-invasive screening methods. The gut microbiome is altered in several gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders resulting in altered, unique gut fermentation patterns, detectable by analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urine, breath and faeces. We performed a proof of principle pilot study to determine if progressive fatty liver disease produced an altered urinary VOC pattern; specifically NAFLD and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH).Methods: 34 patients were recruited: 8 NASH cirrhotics (NASH-C); 7 non-cirrhotic NASH; 4 NAFLD and 15 controls. Urine was collected and stored frozen. For assay, the samples were defrosted and aliquoted into vials, which were heated to 40±0.1°C and the headspace analyzed by FAIMS (Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectroscopy). A previously used data processing pipeline employing a Random Forrest classification algorithm and using a 10 fold cross validation method was applied.Results: Urinary VOC results demonstrated sensitivity of 0.58 (0.33 - 0.88), but specificity of 0.93 (0.68 - 1.00) and an Area Under Curve (AUC) 0.73 (0.55 -0.90) to distinguish between liver disease and controls. However, NASH/NASH-C was separated from the NAFLD/controls with a sensitivity of 0.73 (0.45 - 0.92), specificity of 0.79 (0.54 - 0.94) and AUC of 0.79 (0.64 - 0.95), respectively.Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that urinary VOCs detection may offer the potential for early non-invasive characterisation of liver disease using 'smell prints' to distinguish between NASH and NAFLD.

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