scholarly journals In vitro callus and shoot organogenesis from leaf and stem explants of Chamaedaphne calyculata

Dendrobiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Źróbek-Sokolnik ◽  
Piotr Dynowski ◽  
Czesław Hołdyński
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Chamaedaphne Calyculata

scholarly journals Natural Variation in Plant Pluripotency and Regeneration

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1261
Author(s):  
Robin Lardon ◽  
Danny Geelen
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Experimental Systems ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Molecular Framework

Plant regeneration is essential for survival upon wounding and is, hence, considered to be a strong natural selective trait. The capacity of plant tissues to regenerate in vitro, however, varies substantially between and within species and depends on the applied incubation conditions. Insight into the genetic factors underlying this variation may help to improve numerous biotechnological applications that exploit in vitro regeneration. Here, we review the state of the art on the molecular framework of de novo shoot organogenesis from root explants in Arabidopsis, which is a complex process controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci of various effect sizes. Two types of factors are distinguished that contribute to natural regenerative variation: master regulators that are conserved in all experimental systems (e.g., WUSCHEL and related homeobox genes) and conditional regulators whose relative role depends on the explant and the incubation settings. We further elaborate on epigenetic variation and protocol variables that likely contribute to differential explant responsivity within species and conclude that in vitro shoot organogenesis occurs at the intersection between (epi) genetics, endogenous hormone levels, and environmental influences.

scholarly journals Somaclonal variation on in vitro callus culture potato cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia N. Bordallo ◽  
Derly H. Silva ◽  
José Maria ◽  
Cosme D. Cruz ◽  
Elizabeth P. Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Synthetic Seed ◽  
Arbitrary Sequence ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Level

Synthetic seeds can be an alternative for those species in which botanical seeds are not viable. One of the major problems of in vitro plant cultivation is the high level of somaclonal variation. The most common factors affecting somaclonal variation are genotype, explant source, in vitro period and cultivation conditions in which the culture is established. In this work, calli were induced using leaf and stem explants of the commercial potato cultivars Achat, Baraka, Baronesa, Bintje, and Contenda in MS culture media supplemented with 1.65 mM of picloram and 11.5 mM of 2,4-D. Seventy and 90 days after induction, DNA samples of 40 calli were compared concerning the effects of the two explant (leaf and stem) and two growth regulator sources on five potatoes cultivars. A total of 20 arbitrary sequence primers were evaluated. The RAPD pattern generated by these primers suggested a high percentage of polymorphic fragments among the five genotypes, indicating a high level of genetic variation among cultivars. Cultivar Baronesa showed the highest number of polymorphic fragments for all treatments. The cultivar Contenda showed the smallest somaclonal variation, for most of the treatments, except for the treatment which consisted of stem explants, picloram (1.65 mM) application, and a 70-day period of callus formation. 'Contenda' is, therefore, the most suitable cultivar for synthetic seed production.

Regeneration of Iberis amara Plants from In Vitro Cultured Leaf and Stem Explants

1981 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup K. Mudgal ◽  
Savita Goel ◽  
Shrish C. Gupta ◽  
R.N. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Stem Explants ◽  
Iberis Amara

scholarly journals In vitro answer of Bulgarian pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Velichka Rodeva ◽  
Stanislava Grozeva ◽  
Velichka Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Level

Callusogenesis and regeneration ability of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants from three Bulgarian pepper varieties in MS basal medium supplemented with l-3mg/l BAP. l.0mg/1 IAA and 0.5mg/l GA3 was studied. In the different variants of culture medium was registered high level of callusogenesis and organogenesis in both type of explants from the all varieties. The highest percentage of plant-regenerants is established in cotyledon explants (from 3.3 to 18.3) in variant 3 of the culture medium containing 3mg/l BA. In the process of micropropagation by stem explants of the same studied pepper varieties the addition of the vitamins C. B12. Casein hydrolysate and Ferulic acid had a stimulation effect on the plant growth in height and rooting. In result of anther cultivation from three pepper varieties and four breeding lines the highest percentage of embryo structure formation was registered in varieties Albena and Strjama (12.0 and 13.8 respectively). The Bulgarian peppers are recalcitrant and their in vitro answer is different depending from the explants type, genotype and the culture media composition.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Comparing the growth of stem explants between Citrus reticulata var. Tawangmangu and C. reticulata var. Garut using in vitro culture methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erma Prihastanti ◽  
ENDAH D. HASTUTI ◽  
SRI W.A. SUEDY
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Growth Differences

Abstract. Prihastanti E, Hastuti ED, Suedy SWA. 2020. Short Communication: Comparing the growth of stem explants between Citrus reticulata var. Tawangmangu and C. reticulata var. Garut using in vitro culture methods. Biodiversitas 21: 5845-5849. Several efforts have been made to preserve Citrus reticulata var. Tawangmangu and Citrus reticulata var. Garut as indigenous Indonesian mandarin cultivars, including in vitro tissue culture methods. This study aimed to determine growth differences of the stem explants of C. reticulata var. Tawangmangu and C. reticulata var. Garut,which planted on the same Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. The treatment groups were derived from different explants, grown in 4 separate culture bottles for 35 days at 25°C. The observed parameters included the percentage of explants indicating callus development browned-colored explants, and the contaminated explants. Among C. reticulata var. Tawangmangu explants, 23.53% indicated callus development, 29.42% were browned-colored explants, and 0% indicated contamination. In contrast, among the C. reticulata var. Garut explants, 0% indicated callus development, 7.14% brown-colored, and 7.14% indicated contamination. The stems explants from C. reticulata var. Tawangmangu showed a tendency to develop calluses, but the explants of C. reticulata var. Garut was able to support the growth of shoots. C. reticulata var. Tawangmangu and Garut mandarin stem explants showed differences of shoot growth because physiological conditions varied according to the variety.

Callus Induction and Shoot Organogenesis in Two Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Breeding Lines in vitro Cultured

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Taghipour ◽  
Narges Janalizade ◽  
Maryam Eshrati ◽  
Taraneh Hassanzade ◽  
Fahrul Huyop
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Breeding Lines

scholarly journals Shoot organogenesis induction from genetically verified individuals of endangered bog pine (Pinus uncinata subsp. uliginosa)

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Vejsadová ◽  
M. Lukášová
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellite ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Pinus Uncinata ◽  
Pine Regeneration

The objective of this work was to apply selected genetic markers to verify the genetic purity of bog pine (Pinus uncinata subsp. uliginosa) individuals from the Borkovicka blata population in order to initiate in vitro cultures from them. Key factors of shoot organogenesis induction from seedling shoot apices were examined. The plastid DNA analysis was used as a molecular-genetic tool. The trnL-trnF region of chloroplast DNA was tested by PCR-RFLP method; furthermore, the chloroplast microsatellite region Pt41093 was also analysed. All the tested individuals from the studied population matched the Pinus uncinata subsp. uliginosa haplotype. In bog pine, regeneration and development of axillary shoots were significantly enhanced in the presence of 5 g・l<sup>&ndash;1</sup> activated charcoal on the WV5 and WPM (Duchefa) media. The highest proliferation (28&ndash;30%) of short shoots (brachyblasts) was observed on the WV5 medium in the absence of benzyladenine (BA) or at its low concentration only (0.1 mg・l<sup>&ndash;1</sup>).

Changes in the starch content during organogenesis in in vitro cultured Begonia rex stem explants

1990 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Mangat ◽  
M. K. Pelekis ◽  
A. C. Cassells
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Stem Explants
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