scholarly journals Involvement of Meiotic Maturation of Oocytes in Promoting Granulosa Cell Proliferation.

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
CHANG Kyu-Tae ◽  
Dong-Un HAN ◽  
Tae-Yoon KIM ◽  
Dong-Soo SON ◽  
Mun-Il KANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Meiotic Maturation

Zearalenone exposure affects mouse oocyte meiotic maturation and granulosa cell proliferation

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1226-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Jun Hou ◽  
Cheng-Cheng Zhu ◽  
Yin-Xue Xu ◽  
Xiang-Shun Cui ◽  
Nam-Hyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Mouse Oocyte ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Oocyte Meiotic Maturation

scholarly journals Effects of leptin administration and feed restriction on thecal leucocytes in the preovulatory rat ovary and the effects of leptin on meiotic maturation, granulosa cell proliferation, steroid hormone and PGE2 release in cultured rat ovarian follicles

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 891-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Duggal ◽  
NK Ryan ◽  
KH Van der Hoek ◽  
LJ Ritter ◽  
DT Armstrong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles ◽  
Igf I

Leptin is expressed by adipocytes and is thought to play a role in regulating food intake and in reproduction. It has been demonstrated that acute leptin administration to immature gonadotrophin-primed rats in vivo inhibits ovulation and causes a decline in food intake. However, feed restriction alone does not inhibit ovulation. Two experiments were designed to investigate the mechanism of leptin-induced inhibition of ovulation. In the first experiment, which was prompted by the importance of ovarian leucocytes in ovulation, the role of leucocytes in leptin-induced inhibition of ovulation was investigated. The second experiment investigated whether high leptin concentrations could inhibit other factors important to ovulation, such as meiotic competence of oocytes, granulosa cell proliferation, steroid or PGE(2) release, and interleukin 1beta production, in vitro. In the first experiment, the populations of neutrophils and monocytes-macrophages in the preovulatory follicles of gonadotrophin-primed, leptin-treated and -untreated rats were examined. A decrease in food intake, as a result of either leptin treatment or feed restriction, specifically reduced the numbers of neutrophils and monocytes-macrophages infiltrating the theca interna of preovulatory follicles without affecting the numbers found in the stroma. The findings show that reduced infiltration of thecal neutrophils and macrophages into preovulatory follicles is a response to reduced food intake. Furthermore, this reduction is not the direct cause of the leptin-induced inhibition of ovulation. In the second experiment, ovarian follicles were cultured for 4 or 12 h in the presence or absence of the following hormones: FSH (500 miu), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) (50 ng ml(-1)), LH (100 ng ml(-1)) and leptin (300 ng ml(-1)). The results demonstrated that high concentrations of leptin in follicle culture do not affect meiotic maturation or steroid release, but tend to inhibit release of PGE 2 (although this result was not significant). DNA synthesis in granulosa cells was not inhibited by leptin in FSH- and IGF-I-supplemented culture media. These results are in agreement with previous studies that have shown that leptin inhibits the stimulatory effects of IGF-I on FSH-stimulated oestradiol production in rat granulosa cells without affecting progesterone production. In summary, leptin does not appear to have an adverse effect on the components of ovulation tested in this study, and therefore must impact on the ovulatory cascade in a way that remains to be defined.

Involvement of MicroRNA Mir15a in Control of Human Ovarian Granulosa Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Steroidogenesis, and Response to FSH

MicroRNA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Sirotkin ◽  
Gabriela Kisova ◽  
Pauline Brenaut ◽  
Dmitriy Ovcharenko ◽  
Roland Grossmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cell

scholarly journals Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Inhibits Adenosine 5′-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Activation and Promotes Cell Proliferation of Primary Granulosa Cells in Culture through an Akt-Dependent Pathway

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 929-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep P. Kayampilly ◽  
K. M. J. Menon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Ampk Activation ◽  
Cyclin D2 ◽  
Cell Cycle Inhibitor ◽  
Dependent Pathway

FSH, acting through multiple signaling pathways, regulates the proliferation and growth of granulosa cells, which are critical for ovulation. The present study investigated whether AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which controls the energy balance of the cell, plays a role in FSH-mediated increase in granulosa cell proliferation. Cells isolated from immature rat ovaries were grown in serum-free, phenol red free DMEM-F12 and were treated with FSH (50 ng/ml) for 0, 5, and 15 min. Western blot analysis showed a significant reduction in AMPK activation as observed by a reduction of phosphorylation at thr 172 in response to FSH treatment at all time points tested. FSH also reduced AMPK phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner with maximum inhibition at 100 ng/ml. The chemical activator of AMPK (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside, 0.5 mm) increased the cell cycle inhibitor p27 kip expression significantly, whereas the AMPK inhibitor (compound C, 20 μm) and FSH reduced p27kip expression significantly compared with control. FSH treatment resulted in an increase in the phosphorylation of AMPK at ser 485/491 and a reduction in thr 172 phosphorylation. Inhibition of Akt phosphorylation using Akt inhibitor VIII reversed the inhibitory effect of FSH on thr 172 phosphorylation of AMPK, whereas ERK inhibitor U0126 had no effect. These results show that FSH, through an Akt-dependent pathway, phosphorylates AMPK at ser 481/495 and inhibits its activation by reducing thr 172 phosphorylation. AMPK activation by 5-amino-imidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside treatment resulted in a reduction of cell cycle regulatory protein cyclin D2 mRNA expression, whereas FSH increased the expression by 2-fold. These results suggest that FSH promotes granulosa cell proliferation by increasing cyclin D2 mRNA expression and by reducing p27 kip expression by inhibiting AMPK activation through an Akt-dependent pathway. FSH stimulates granulosa cell proliferation by reducing cell cycle inhibitor p27 kip through AMP kinase inhibition.

scholarly journals Sirtuin 1 and Sirtuin 3 in Granulosa Cell Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2047
Author(s):  
Nina Schmid ◽  
Kim-Gwendolyn Dietrich ◽  
Ignasi Forne ◽  
Alexander Burges ◽  
Magdalena Szymanska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumors ◽  
Novel Drug

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are NAD+-dependent deacetylases that regulate proliferation and cell death. In the human ovary, granulosa cells express sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), which has also been detected in human tumors derived from granulosa cells, i.e., granulosa cell tumors (GCTs), and in KGN cells. KGN cells are an established cellular model for the majority of GCTs and were used to explore the role of SIRT1. The SIRT1 activator SRT2104 increased cell proliferation. By contrast, the inhibitor EX527 reduced cell numbers, without inducing apoptosis. These results were supported by the outcome of siRNA-mediated silencing studies. A tissue microarray containing 92 GCTs revealed nuclear and/or cytoplasmic SIRT1 staining in the majority of the samples, and also, SIRT2-7 were detected in most samples. The expression of SIRT1–7 was not correlated with the survival of the patients; however, SIRT3 and SIRT7 expression was significantly correlated with the proliferation marker Ki-67, implying roles in tumor cell proliferation. SIRT3 was identified by a proteomic analysis as the most abundant SIRT in KGN. The results of the siRNA-silencing experiments indicate involvement of SIRT3 in proliferation. Thus, several SIRTs are expressed by GCTs, and SIRT1 and SIRT3 are involved in the growth regulation of KGN. If transferable to GCTs, these SIRTs may represent novel drug targets.

Gonadotropin and Steroid Control of Granulosa Cell Proliferation During the Periovulatory Interval in Rhesus Monkeys1

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Chaffin ◽  
Kristine M. Schwinof ◽  
Richard L. Stouffer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Granulosa Cell
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