scholarly journals Dual-energy CT characterization of winter sports injuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1106) ◽  
pp. 20190620
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hickle ◽  
Frances Walstra ◽  
Peter Duggan ◽  
Hugue Ouellette ◽  
Peter Munk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Winter Sports ◽  
Conventional Ct

CT is a readily available imaging modality for cross-sectional characterization of acute musculoskeletal injuries in trauma. Dual-energy CT provides several additional benefits over conventional CT, namely assessment for bone marrow edema, metal artifact reduction, and enhanced assessment of ligamentous injuries. Winter sports such as skiing, snowboarding, and skating can result in high speed and high energy injury mechanisms; dual-energy CT is well suited for the characterization of those injuries.

Top-Ten Tips for Dual-Energy CT in MSK Radiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 392-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances E. Walstra ◽  
Jonathan Hickle ◽  
Peter Duggan ◽  
Rashid Alsharhan ◽  
Nicolas Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Ct Arthrography ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pathology ◽  
Conventional Ct ◽  
Clinical Potential ◽  
Collagen Analysis

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has the potential to detect musculoskeletal pathology with greater sensitivity than conventional CT alone at no additional radiation dose to the patient. It therefore has the potential to reduce the need for further diagnostic imaging or procedures (e.g., joint aspirations in the case of gout or magnetic resonance imaging to confirm undisplaced fractures).DECT is a well-established technique for the detection of gout arthropathy. Multiple newer applications have shown clinical potential including bone marrow edema detection and metal artifact reduction. Collagen analysis, bone marrow lesion detection, and iodine mapping in CT arthrography are areas of possible future application and development.This article outlines 10 tips on the use of DECT imaging of the musculoskeletal system, explaining the technique and indications with practical suggestions to help guide the radiologist.

Efficacy of single-source rapid kV-switching dual-energy CT for characterization of non-uric acid renal stones: a prospective ex vivo study using anthropomorphic phantom

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1092-1099
Author(s):  
Roberto Cannella ◽  
Mohammed Shahait ◽  
Alessandro Furlan ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Joel D. Bigley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Anthropomorphic Phantom ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

scholarly journals Development and characterization of Nb3Sn/Al2O3 superconducting multilayers for particle accelerators

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Sundahl ◽  
Junki Makita ◽  
Paul B. Welander ◽  
Yi-Feng Su ◽  
Fumitake Kametani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Accelerators ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Critical Fields ◽  
Linear Accelerators ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Superconducting Radio Frequency

AbstractSuperconducting radio-frequency (SRF) resonator cavities provide extremely high quality factors > 1010 at 1–2 GHz and 2 K in large linear accelerators of high-energy particles. The maximum accelerating field of SRF cavities is limited by penetration of vortices into the superconductor. Present state-of-the-art Nb cavities can withstand up to 50 MV/m accelerating gradients and magnetic fields of 200–240 mT which destroy the low-dissipative Meissner state. Achieving higher accelerating gradients requires superconductors with higher thermodynamic critical fields, of which Nb3Sn has emerged as a leading material for the next generation accelerators. To overcome the problem of low vortex penetration field in Nb3Sn, it has been proposed to coat Nb cavities with thin film Nb3Sn multilayers with dielectric interlayers. Here, we report the growth and multi-technique characterization of stoichiometric Nb3Sn/Al2O3 multilayers with good superconducting and RF properties. We developed an adsorption-controlled growth process by co-sputtering Nb and Sn at high temperatures with a high overpressure of Sn. The cross-sectional scanning electron transmission microscope images show no interdiffusion between Al2O3 and Nb3Sn. Low-field RF measurements suggest that our multilayers have quality factor comparable with cavity-grade Nb at 4.2 K. These results provide a materials platform for the development and optimization of high-performance SIS multilayers which could overcome the intrinsic limits of the Nb cavity technology.

Dual-energy CT for the characterization of urinary calculi: In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a low-dose scanning protocol

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1553-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Thomas ◽  
O. Patschan ◽  
D. Ketelsen ◽  
I. Tsiflikas ◽  
A. Reimann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Scanning Protocol

Characterization of Small Incidental Indeterminate Hypoattenuating Hepatic Lesions: Added Value of Single-Phase Contrast-Enhanced Dual-Energy CT Material Attenuation Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 211 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavik N. Patel ◽  
Michael Rosenberg ◽  
Federica Vernuccio ◽  
Juan Carlos Ramirez-Giraldo ◽  
Rendon Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Hepatic Lesions

Thermal Spraying Applied Onto High Energy Railway Braking: Characterization of Friction Performances

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bartys ◽  
J.D. Guerin ◽  
J.P. Bricout ◽  
J. Oudin
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Thermal Spraying ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Coated Steel ◽  
High Speed Trains ◽  
To Come ◽  
Tribological Characterization

Abstract Optimization of constitutive friction materials of braking devices for high speed trains is endlessly on delicate increase by reason of the large energy levels to dissipate, and the lightening more and more required by generations to come. Low thermal diffusivity materials such as coated steel discs in one of the research themes in this field. Proposed study is relative to tribological characterization of the wear behavior of stellite coatings, based on cobalt or nickel alloys against aluminum titanate pad. This one has ever been tested and prooved good behavior against cermet coated steel discs. Stellite coating performances are evaluated in term of friction coefficient, contact temperature and wear in comparison with this type of disc.

scholarly journals Crystallographic characterization of eggshells as scaffolds for bone regeneration

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1104-C1104
Author(s):  
Margarita García-Garduño ◽  
Laura Vargas-Ulloa ◽  
Genoveva Hernández-Padrón
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calcium Carbonates ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Osseous Regeneration

The aim of this work was to characterize six different eggshell types as future osseous regeneration scaffolds. The study design was cross-sectional observational. The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Materials and the chemical analysis in the Faculty of Chemistry, UNAM, Mexico. Fifty samples of fresh eggs were obtained, 10 from each species (hen, turkey, duck, dove and quail). Square-shaped pieces of about 2 x 2 cm were obtained from the eggshells by means of a high-speed handpiece with a # 701 carbide bur. From the total of eggshell pieces, the ones coming from fresh eggs were included, and the ones showing signs of fracture or spots were excluded. Their morphology was analyzed with a low vacuum scanning electron microscope (JEOL 5200), with an accelerating voltage of 20 kV. The chemical elemental analysis was performed with an EDAX energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and the chemical composition was determined by means of a Siemens diffractometer. All of the eggshells were constituted by calcium carbonates, and their outer structure was less porous than the inner one, sometimes with granules and cuticles firmly attached to the inner surface of the eggshell. The eggshell major chemical components were mainly: oxygen, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, sulfur and carbon. There are no significant quantities of sulfur (S) in the turkey and quail eggshells. These kinds of eggshells have not been tested yet as a scaffold, but it is expected that they may be used soon in bone regeneration once the organic part is removed. Eggshells are largely waste material. The authors anknowledge the technical support to Chem. Rafael Ivan Puente Lee

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