Moral Hazard, Networks and Risk Sharing: Evidence from a Lab Experiment in the Field

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Jain
Keyword(s):  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Lab Experiment

scholarly journals Variation margins, fires sales, and information-constrained optimality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Biais ◽  
Florian Heider ◽  
Marie Hoerova
Keyword(s):  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Asset Prices ◽  
Counterparty Risk ◽  
Fire Sales ◽  
Risk Protection ◽  
Incentive Constraints

Abstract In order to share risk, protection buyers trade derivatives with protection sellers. Protection sellers’ actions affect the riskiness of their assets, which can create counterparty risk. Because these actions are unobservable, moral hazard limits risk sharing. To mitigate this problem, privately optimal derivative contracts involve variation margins. When margins are called, protection sellers must liquidate some assets, depressing asset prices. This tightens the incentive constraints of other protection sellers and reduces their ability to provide insurance. Despite this fire-sale externality, equilibrium is information-constrained efficient. Investors, who benefit from buying assets at fire-sale prices, optimally supply insurance against the risk of fire sales.

Disclosure and Secrecy in Employee Monitoring

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-208
Author(s):  
Mitchell A. Farlee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Risk Premium ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
System A ◽  
Liability Risk ◽  
Employee Monitoring

ABSTRACT: Disclosure and monitoring policy are studied, where disclosure relates to information about the monitoring system. A moral hazard model is presented where employee monitoring occurs with some exogenous probability and the owner privately learns whether he will be monitoring before the employee chooses his productive action. Disclosure policy is an owner choice between revealing to the employee whether he will be monitoring before the action (Disclosure) or remaining silent (Secrecy). The results rely on the joint presence of risk aversion and limited liability. Risk aversion creates an efficiency/risk tradeoff where secrecy obtains risk-sharing benefits. Limited liability reduces these benefits, allowing preference for disclosure. Lower monitoring probabilities increase the risk premium required to obtain effort with secrecy. For small monitoring probabilities, disclosure is preferred even though less efficient production is achieved, because disclosure provides a greater risk-sharing benefit. For high monitoring probabilities, secrecy is preferred because it leads to greater efficiency despite a greater risk premium.

RISK-SHARING MATCHING AND MORAL HAZARD

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu Chen ◽  
Sanxi Li ◽  
Bing Ye
Keyword(s):  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Risk Sharing

scholarly journals Reducing Risk While Sharing It

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (181) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Batini ◽  
Francesco Lamperti ◽  
Andrea Roventini
Keyword(s):  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Default Risk ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Sovereign Default ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Sovereign Default Risk ◽  
Fiscal Risk ◽  
Fiscal Space ◽  
Better Than

The COVID-19 lockdowns have brought about the need of large fiscal responses in all European countries. However, countries across Europe are differently equipped to respond to the shock due to differences in economic conditions and fiscal space. We build on the model by Berger et al. (2019) to compare gains from alternative mechanisms of EU fiscal integration in the presence of moral hazard. We show that any EU response strategy to the COVID-19 crisis excluding mutual financial support to member countries lacks credibility. Some form of fiscal risk sharing is indeed better than none, especially in presence of increasing sovereign default risk of some EU member countries. The moral hazard created by risk sharing can be hedged by introducing some form of fiscal delegation to Brussels. The desirable level of delegation, however, depends on its costs. When these are low, risk sharing and delegation are substitutes and it is optimal to opt for high delegation and low risk sharing. On the contrary, when delegation costs are high, centralization and risk sharing are complements and both are needed. Proposed arrangements at the EU level in response to the COVID-19 shock seem to reflect these basic insights by rotating around a combination of fiscal risk sharing and delegation in the form of fiscal spending conditionality.

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