Large-Scale Randomized Evaluation of a Training Program to Improve the Skills and Labor Market Outcomes of Low-Income Urban Youth in Delhi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Loyalka
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Youth ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Randomized Evaluation

scholarly journals Immigration and economic mobility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria F. Hoen ◽  
Simen Markussen ◽  
Knut Røed
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Class Background ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Relative Prime

AbstractWe examine how immigration affects natives’ relative prime-age labor market outcomes by economic class background, with class background established on the basis of parents’ earnings rank. Exploiting alternative sources of variation in immigration patterns across time and space, we find that immigration from low-income countries reduces intergenerational mobility and thus steepens the social gradient in natives’ labor market outcomes, whereas immigration from high-income countries levels it. These findings are robust with respect to a wide range of identifying assumptions. The analysis is based on high-quality population-wide administrative data from Norway, which is one of the rich-world countries with the most rapid rise in the immigrant population share over the past two decades. Our findings suggest that immigration can explain a considerable part of the observed relative decline in economic performance among natives with a lower-class background.

scholarly journals Gender Imbalances and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from Large-Scale Mexican Migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Conover ◽  
Melanie Khamis ◽  
Sarah Pearlman
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gender Wage Gap ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Female Ratio

Abstract We study the consequences of international migration on labor market outcomes in a developing country. Specifically, we look at the case of Mexico, where large-scale international migration has led to significant declines in the male/female ratio. We explore whether this results in Mexican women entering high-skilled and better paying jobs over time. This question is relevant since there has been an increase in women's education and labor force participation across the developing world, but less evidence of improvements in the gender wage gap. Using an instrumental variables strategy that relies on historical migration patterns, we find that when there are relatively fewer men, women are more likely to work, have high-skilled jobs, and some earn higher wages. These results are robust to the inclusion of state, age group, and year fixed effects, and to different measures of migration and data sources. We explore investments in human capital as a key mechanism. We find that the gains in schooling are concentrated among women with the same average level of education of the men who migrate. From an aggregate perspective, these improvements in job type and wages are important given that higher female income may benefit the status, education, and health of both women and children, which in turn increases a country's development and growth. Our findings are among the few that show some movement toward improvements in the gender wage gap in a developing country setting.

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