scholarly journals Natural Resources and Local Communities: Evidence from a Peruvian Gold Mine

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando M Aragón ◽  
Juan Pablo Rud
Keyword(s):  
Real Income ◽  
Extractive Industries ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
Northern Peru ◽  
Nontradable Goods ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Backward Linkages ◽  
Positive Effect

This paper examines the local economic impact of Yanacocha, a large gold mine in Northern Peru. Using annual household data from 1997 to 2006, we find evidence of a positive effect of the mine's demand for local inputs on real income. The effects are only present in the supply market and surrounding areas, and reach unskilled workers in non-mining sectors. Consistent with a general equilibrium framework, we also find an increase in the local price of nontradable goods. Taken together, our results underline the potential of backward linkages from extractive industries to create positive spillovers in less developed economies. (JEL L72, O13, O18, Q32, Q33, R11)

scholarly journals Exclusive Goods and Formal-Sector Employment

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reto Foellmi ◽  
Josef Zweimüller
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Differentiated Products ◽  
Price Setting ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Nonhomothetic Preferences ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
The Rich

We explore how the underemployment problem of less-developed economies is related to income inequality. Consumers have nonhomothetic preferences over differentiated products of formal-sector goods and thus inequality affects the composition of aggregate demand via the price-setting behavior of firms. We find that high inequality divides the formal sector into mass producers and exclusive producers (which serve only the rich); high inequality generates an equilibrium where many workers are crowded into the informal economy; and an increase in subsistence productivity raises the unskilled workers' wages and boosts employment due to the higher purchasing power of poorer households. (JEL D31, D43, E24, E26, J24)

scholarly journals PEMODELAN SISTEM AKUNTANSI MANAJEMEN BERKOMPUTER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN KINERJA UMKM MANUFAKTUR

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Jessica Jessica ◽  
Yohanes Harimurti ◽  
Julius Runtu
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
User Attitudes ◽  
Variance Testing ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Expected Increase

The usefulness of management accounting system (MAS) would be enjoyed if SME owners take the initiative to use MAS. This research suggests that the perived of easy, perceived of usefulness, and user attitudes will affect owners/management’s behavior intention to use a computerized-based MAS. If the behavior intention to use is high, then the intrinsic motivation of users is expected increase also. Increasing intrinsic motivation of SME owners are expected to improve their performance. The sample was manufacturing SMEs in Surabaya and surrounding areas. The result of regression analysis conclude about MAS that: (a) Intrinsic motivation shows significantly positive effect on the SMEs performance, both managerial or financial performance, (b) behavior intention to use MAS do not significantly influence the motivation, (c) the usefulness and ease of use do not significantly influence the behavior intention to use MAS, and (d) users’ attitude significantly influence the behavior intention to use MAS. Further analysis of variance testing found evidence of: (1) there is a difference in perception between the groups using the manual MAS and the group using computerized-based MAS. This finding affirms the benefits of computerized-based MAS through higher means on all of variables; and (2) if the users perceive that the use of computerized-based MAS is much easier, then the performance will be significantly different.

The Role of Participation in Sustainable Community Development Programmes in the Extractive Industries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
National Level ◽  
Extractive Industries ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Sustainable Community Development ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
Almost All

A major challenge for almost all activity of the extractive industries is that benefits accrue predominantly at the national level while disruptions are invariably highly localized close to the resource. Recently, extractives companies have intensified efforts to correct this imbalance. The aim of this chapter is to identify the optimal approach for companies to encourage sustainable local community development. The role that government and civil society actors can play in supporting this process is also addressed. Community participation is central to the discussion, which makes reference to case studies, particularly that of the community development programmes of a gold mine in Tanzania over a period of fifteen years.

DETERMINANTS OF TOURISM DEMAND IN INDONESIA: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muryani Muryani ◽  
Mia Fauzia Permatasari ◽  
Miguel Angel Esquivias Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

By 2014 Indonesia registered 11.6 million inbound foreign tourists, 135% higher than the year 2000. Since then, government policies to promote tourism flourished. This paper investigates the determinants of inbound tourism from the top nine mayor tourist origin countries into Indonesia covering the period of 2000 to 2014. This research employs a dynamic panel dataset to estimate the impact of per capita real income, relative prices, accommodation capacity, distance and public infrastructure investment on international tourism demand in Indonesia, capturing demand and supply-side effects. The results show that per capita income of tourist, relative price, and available rooms have a positive effect on tourism expenditure in Indonesia, while distance has a negative effect. Dummy variables capture large negative shocks in tourism arising from two terrorist attacks in 2002 and 2005, as well as from the global financial crisis in 2008. Income plays a positive but low impact on tourism demand compared to other nations. The positive effect of prices suggests an advantage of Indonesia in competitive tourism prices. Nevertheless, low prices also denote low value in tourism services. The substantial impact of accommodation may indicate that significant effects of tourism are allocated in lodging, minimizing the impact on other sectors.

Trade, Inequality and Distribution-neutral Fiscal Policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugata Marjit ◽  
Suryaprakash Mishra ◽  
Sandip Sarkar ◽  
Lei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Basic Result ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Gains From Trade ◽  
Trade Theory ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Absolute Income ◽  
Standard Criterion ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Workers

Gains from trade and inequality do not feature prominently in trade theory. The standard criterion of Pareto efficiency indicates nothing about inequality when applied to the redistribution of gains from trade. Yet, trade-induced inequality has become a talking point and extremely contentious issue worldwide. In a Heckscher–Ohlin–Samuelson (HOS) model of trade, we consider tax-transfer policies that do not decrease the absolute income of any group, as suggested by the standard Pareto rule and keep the pre-trade degree of inequality between skilled and unskilled workers unchanged. Such a fiscal policy exists and is independent of whether the tax is progressive or proportional. We show that the aggregate gain in real income due to trade can be distributed to make everyone better off without increasing inequality. A generalization of the basic result shows that any Pareto efficient allocation can be transformed into a distribution-neutral allocation through appropriate fiscal policy. JEL Codes: F11, J31, D63, H20, H23

The Geophysics of the Red Dome Gold Mine and Surrounding Areas

1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mine ◽  
Surrounding Areas

The Impact of U.S. Non-price Export Promotion Program on Export Demand for U.S. Peanuts in North America

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullaya Boonsaeng ◽  
Stanley M. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Export Promotion ◽  
Export Demand ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the U.S. federal non-price export promotion programs on U.S. export demand in North America. A single-equation framework was specified for estimation of the peanut export demand model. Results indicate that the own-price of the importing country had a negative relationship with U.S. peanut exports, while the price of Chinese peanut exports and real income (GDP) of the importing country were positively related to U.S. peanuts exports. Export promotion programs had a positive effect on the export demand for U.S. peanut to Mexico while these programs seemed to have no effect in Canada.

scholarly journals Industry 4.0 technologies usage: motives and enablers

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 323-345
Author(s):  
Tomaž Čater ◽  
Barbara Čater ◽  
Matej Černe ◽  
Matjaž Koman ◽  
Tjaša Redek
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

PurposeThe paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the drivers for the use of Industry 4.0 technologies by investigating (1) what motivates companies to consider using I4 technologies and (2) what enables (or hinders) the intention to use I4 technologies to translate into their actual use.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses survey data collected from a sample of export-oriented manufacturing companies with more than 10 employees. Final analysis is conducted on 124 companies.FindingsThe results show that companies are proactively approaching I4. Only efficiency motives and expected competitive advantage have a positive effect on the intention to use I4 technologies, which in turn positively influences their actual use. The external, legitimacy-based, motives do not play a significant role in explaining the intention to use. With respect to I4 technology enablers, employee competency positively moderates and availability of finance negatively moderates the relationship between intention to use and actual use.Research limitations/implicationsThe work extends the existing knowledge base on I4 technology drivers in companies that are not major global trendsetters but are heavily embedded in the value chains of companies from the most industrially developed economies. The study is limited to manufacturing companies in a small European economy and should be retested in other contexts.Practical implicationsThe study can help managers implement I4 technologies in their companies more successfully.Originality/valueWe take a novel research approach by proposing a framework that clearly distinguishes between motives and enablers for the use of I4 technologies.

scholarly journals Agglomeration and Economic Growth in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (2005-2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Dwi Artaningtyas ◽  
Asih Sri Winarti ◽  
Jamzani Sodik
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Special Region

The economic growth of the Special Region of Yogyakarta (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta or DIY) surrounding areas is naturally originated from agglomeration which was driven by the spatial concentration of economic activities including the aspects of space, community level, city scale, and region. This study aims to determine the development and linkages between production agglomeration and population agglomeration to the economic growth that occurs in DIY. The approach used is the estimation method of fixed effect panel data regression using DIY city/regency administration data in 2005-2016.The results showed that population agglomeration had a significant and positive effect on economic growth, while production agglomeration had no effect on economic growth in model I. Whereas in model II, it is known that production and population agglomeration affected economic growth, labor force negatively affected growth, and unemployment positively and significantly affected economic growth. On the other hand, the poverty level and HDI variables have a negative effect on economic growth. Cities/regencies that have a positive fixed cross effect on economic growth are Sleman, Gunungkidul, and Kulonprogo Regency, while Yogya City and Bantul Regency show a negative sign.

scholarly journals Determinants of Tourism Demand in Indonesia: A Panel Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
Muryani ◽  
Mia Fauzia Permatasari ◽  
Miguel Angel Esquivias
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

By 2014 Indonesia registered 11.6 million inbound foreign tourists, 135% higher than the year 2000. Since then, government policies to promote tourism flourished. This article investigates the determinants of inbound tourism from the top nine mayor tourist origin countries into Indonesia covering the period of 2000 to 2014. This research employs a dynamic panel dataset to estimate the impact of per capita real income, relative prices, accommodation capacity, distance, and public infrastructure investment on international tourism demand in Indonesia, capturing demand- and supply-side effects. The results show that per capita income of tourists, relative price, and available rooms have a positive effect on tourism expenditure in Indonesia, while distance has a negative effect. Dummy variables capture large negative shocks in tourism arising from two terrorist attacks in 2002 and 2005, as well as from the global financial crisis in 2008. Income plays a positive but low impact on tourism demand compared to other nations. The positive effect of prices suggests an advantage of Indonesia in competitive tourism prices. Nevertheless, low prices also denote low value in tourism services. The substantial impact of accommodation may indicate that significant effects of tourism are allocated in lodging, minimizing the impact on other sectors.

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