scholarly journals Public Transfers and Domestic Violence: The Roles of Private Information and Spousal Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo J Bobonis ◽  
Melissa González-Brenes ◽  
Roberto Castro
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Spousal Abuse ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Public Transfers ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

We study whether transfer programs in which funds are targeted to women decrease the incidence of spousal abuse. We examine the impact of the Mexican Oportunidades program on spousal abuse rates and threats of violence using data from a specialized survey. Beneficiary women are 40 percent less likely to be victims of physical abuse, but are more likely to receive violent threats with no associated abuse. This evidence is consistent with a model of decision-makers' interactions with asymmetric information in the male partner's gains to marriage, who can then use threats of violence to extract rents from their female partners. (JEL D82, J12, J16, K42, O15, O17)

Fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making to identify the order of establishing temporary logistics hubs during disaster response

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajali Maharjan ◽  
Shinya Hanaoka
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Numerical Illustration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Disaster

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reveal the importance of the order of establishment of temporary logistics hubs (TLHs) when resources (mobile storage units used as TLHs) are limited and to present the development and implementation of a methodology that determines the order of establishment of TLHs to support post-disaster decision making. Design/methodology/approach It employed a decision support system that considers multiple decision makers and subjective attributes, while also addressing the impreciseness inherent in post-disaster decision making for ordering the establishment of TLHs. To do so, an optimization model was combined with a fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making approach. A numerical illustration was performed using data from the April 2015 Nepal Earthquake. Findings The results showed the location and order of establishment of TLHs, and demonstrated the impact of decision makers’ opinions on the overall ordering. Research limitations/implications The study does not discuss the uncertain nature of the location problem and the potential need for relocation of TLHs. Practical implications This methodology offers managerial insights for post-disaster decision making when resources are limited and their effective utilization is vital. The results highlight the importance of considering the opinions of multiple actors/decision makers to enable coordination and avoid complication between the growing numbers of humanitarian responders during disaster response. Originality/value This study introduces the concept of the order of establishment of TLHs and demonstrates its importance when resources are limited. It develops and implements a methodology determining the order of establishment of TLHs to support post-disaster decision making.

scholarly journals Information Availability in Acquisition Decisions: The Role of Prior Relations and Rival Bidders

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-228
Author(s):  
Dieter Smeulders ◽  
Henri C. Dekker ◽  
Alexandra Van den Abbeele
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Corporate Acquisitions ◽  
Acquisition Performance ◽  
Information Availability ◽  
Needed Information ◽  
Acquiring Firms ◽  
Information Constraints ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT This study uses detailed survey data from key decision makers in acquiring firms to test the impact of information availability in corporate acquisitions on pre-acquisition valuation and post-acquisition performance. Our results provide support for the hypothesis that information constraints at the time of target valuation are associated with greater overpayment and weaker post-acquisition performance. Prior ties between firms are found to reduce information constraints to acquiring managers, and thereby reduce overpayment and increase post-acquisition performance. Bids by other potential acquirers are found to signal their private information about the target, providing a substitute for lacking information. This effect holds particularly for non-financial data, which are harder to obtain. These findings suggest that overpayment and underperformance can be prevented not only when an acquirer possesses more information, but also when in the absence of needed information, the presence of rival bidders signals their private information about the value of the target.

Women’s Advocates and Shelter Residents: Describing Experiences of Working and Living in Domestic Violence Shelters

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 3034-3053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
Domestic Violence Shelters ◽  
Abusive Partners ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Domestic violence shelters are a crucial service for women who have experienced violence and abuse from intimate partners. Despite research that demonstrates the effectiveness of shelter stays, little is known about the practices that occur and the interventions offered. Using data from qualitative interviews with six women’s advocates and six shelter residents, the article explores and documents the advocates’ practices and the impact of the shelter stay on women residents. The women’s advocates report that they provide women residents time to become comfortable, empower them to set their own goals and make their own decisions, and then help them to connect to other community resources. They also stressed that shelters are homes and they want to create environments within their shelters that are nonchaotic and violence free, so that the interactions encountered in these settings are different from women residents’ experiences with their abusive partners. The women residents reported receiving interventions that were similar to the descriptions that the advocates provided about their practice. For these women, being able to feel comfortable, safe, cared for, respected, and not judged was central to feeling helped during their shelter stay. Although the interview accounts revealed the importance of the relationship between advocates and residents, the findings also demonstrate that the environment within these shelters is equally significant to determining the quality of residents’ experiences.

scholarly journals Scottish Islands Interconnections: Modelling the Impacts on the UK Electricity Network of Geographically Diverse Wind and Marine Energy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3175
Author(s):  
Chris Matthew ◽  
Catalina Spataru
Keyword(s):  
Marine Energy ◽  
Geographic Diversity ◽  
Island Group ◽  
Tidal Stream ◽  
Spatial Diversification ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forecasting Errors ◽  
To Receive

To meet climate change goals, the decarbonisation of the UK electricity supply is crucial. Increased geographic diversity and resource use could help provide grid and market stability and reduce CO2 intensive balancing actions. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of geographic diversity and Scottish island renewable energy on the UK network. This has been done by using the energy market modelling software PLEXOS with results validated using data for 2017/18. The model considers spatial diversification and forecasting errors by modelling day-ahead and intra-day markets with nodes for each distribution network operator region and island group. It was concluded that Scottish island renewable capacity could have a stabilising effect on the variability of renewables in terms of electricity generated, prices and forecasting errors, from the timescale of the entire year down to hours. The ability of geographically diverse generators to receive a higher price for electricity generated was shown to decrease with increased island capacity. Instances of negative prices were reduced with supply diversity (wind and marine) but not geographic diversity. Day ahead errors showed most clearly the impact of diversity of supply, particularly given the predictability of tidal stream generation.

scholarly journals Do parents’ flexible working hours affect fathers’ contribution to domestic work? Evidence from a factorial survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Krug ◽  
Sebastian Bähr ◽  
Katharina Diener ◽  
Martin Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Work ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Household Work ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Flexible Working Hours ◽  
Flexible Working ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Willingness To Contribute

This paper investigates the impact of fathers’ flexible working hours on their willingness to contribute to domestic work. We first hypothesize that fathers will contribute more if they have the possibility to work flexible hours. Second, fathers are assumed to contribute less if their female partners have the possibility to work flexible hours. We test our hypotheses using data from a vignette study, where fathers evaluate hypothetical job offers to their non-employed partner with regard to the contribution to domestic work they are willing to offer if their partner accepts the job. We find that fathers’ flexible hours increase their willingness to contribute to childcare but not to household work, partially supporting hypothesis one. Regarding hypothesis two, we find no effects of the female partner’s flexible working hours on fathers’ contribution to childcare or household work. We conclude our paper with some policy implications.

scholarly journals The Impact of E-Commerce Sales on Capacity Utilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-516
Author(s):  
Xuechang Zhu ◽  
Hui Shang ◽  
Zhen Dai ◽  
Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Process Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Mediated Moderation ◽  
Moderation Model ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to examine the relationship between e-commerce sales and capacity utilization in China, with process innovation being the mediator and product focus being the moderator. A mediated moderation model was developed and tested using data from 804 Chinese manufacturing firms as well as two-stage least squares regression analysis. The results reveal that the relationship between e-commerce sales and capacity utilization is negative; while process innovation mediates this relationship. Furthermore, product focus not only moderates the relationship between e-commerce sales and capacity utilization, but also moderates the relationship between process innovation and capacity utilization. These findings are useful for decision-makers when formulating e-commerce sales strategies and focusing on process innovation that will help them achieve higher capacity utilization. This paper contributes to existing research by validating process innovation as mediator and product focus as moderator between e-commerce sales and capacity utilization.

scholarly journals Evaluating the impact of interdisciplinary research: A multilayer network approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELISA OMODEI ◽  
MANLIO DE DOMENICO ◽  
ALEX ARENAS
Keyword(s):  
Policy Decision ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

AbstractNowadays, scientific challenges usually require approaches that cross traditional boundaries between academic disciplines, driving many researchers towards interdisciplinarity. Despite its obvious importance, there is a lack of studies on how to quantify the influence of interdisciplinarity on the research impact, posing uncertainty in a proper evaluation for hiring and funding purposes. Here, we propose a method based on the analysis of bipartite interconnected multilayer networks of citations and disciplines, to assess scholars, institutions, and countries interdisciplinary importance. Using data about physics publications and US patents, we show that our method allows to reward, using a quantitative approach, scholars and institutions that have carried out interdisciplinary work and have had an impact in different scientific areas. The proposed method could be used by funding agencies, universities and scientific policy decision makers for hiring and funding purposes, and to complement existing methods to rank universities and countries.

scholarly journals Diversity, Disparity and Territorial Resilience in the Context of the Economic Crisis: An Analysis of Rural Areas in Southern Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Sánchez-Zamora ◽  
Rosa Gallardo-Cobos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Composite Indices ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Programming Period ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyses territorial resilience in rural Andalusia, Spain, after the impact of the recent economic crisis and identifies the factors associated with the highest recovery rates in different contexts and territories. To this end, we developed a methodology that incorporates the heterogeneity and diversity of rural territories and uses composite indices calculated using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in order to measure levels of resilience and identify the factors that impact recovery in rural counties. The results reveal how different aspects of economic, social, human, and natural capital promote resilient territorial dynamics in rural Andalusia. These results provide useful information for political decision-makers in the design of public policies, especially at a time like the present when the EU is immersed in debate on the reform of rural development policies for the next programming period beyond 2020.

Abstract 3176: Differerential Impact Of Acute Myocardial Risk Factors And Chronic Comorbidities On Use Of Guideline-recommended Therapies In Patients Presenting With Acute Coronary Syndromes

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E Joynt ◽  
Luan Huynh ◽  
John Amarena ◽  
David Brieger ◽  
Steven Coverdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Killip Class ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

Background: Prior investigations show that patients presenting with ACS with high-risk features are less likely to receive evidence-based therapies (EBT). Current risk stratification tools combine acute and chronic risk factors (RF); these may contribute differently to receipt of proven therapies. Methods: Using data from a prospective audit of 2600 patients in Australia, the impact of acute myocardial RF (biomarker elevation, ECG changes, cardiac arrest, Killip class ≥ 2), chronic co-morbid RF (prior CHF, chronic lung disease, malignancy, prior CVA, GFR < 60, age > 75), and traditional RF on patient management were examined using logistic regression. Results: the best predictor of receipt of EBT was the number of myocardial RF; the best predictor of a low likelihood of receipt was the number of co-morbid RF (Table ). The presence of three or more myocardial RF conferred an OR of 2.21 for receiving clopidogrel and 4.3 for undergoing angiography, while the presence of four or more co-morbid RF lowered the OR to 0.47 for clopidogrel and 0.09 for angiography (Figure 1a /b ). Conclusions: High-risk patients may be less likely to receive EBT than low-risk patients, but this is driven by comorbid conditions rather than markers of severity of illness. Research is needed to validate these therapies in high-risk patients, and ongoing efforts at quality improvement should focus on high-risk populations. Figure 1a. Odds of receiving clopidogrel during hospitalization Figure 1b. Odds of receiving angiography during hospitalization Application of management recommendations within 24 hours of admission and at discharge, adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors and prior coronary artery bypass grafting.

Partner Homicide-Suicide Involving Female Homicide Victims: A Population- Based Study in North Carolina, 1988–1992

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Morton ◽  
Carol W. Runyan ◽  
Kathryn E. Moracco ◽  
John Butts
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Medical Examiner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
History Of ◽  
Domestic Violence Legislation ◽  
The Impact

Homicide-suicide is a form of fatal violence in which an individual commits homicide and subsequently kills him- or herself. One hundred and sixteen homicide-suicide events involving 119 female homicide victims in North Carolina from 1988-1992 were identified through state medical examiner files. Case files were reviewed retrospectively to identify event characteristics, precursors, and typologies. In 86% of cases the perpetrator was the current or former partner of the victim. During the study period, 24% of men who killed their female partners in North Carolina subsequently committed suicide and another 3% attempted suicide but survived. Victim separation from the perpetrator was the most prevalent precursor (41%), followed by a history of domestic violence (29%). In nearly half of the cases with a history of domestic violence, the victim had previously sought protection from the perpetrator in the form of an arrest warrant, restraining order, or intervention by a law enforcement officer. Children of the victim (and/or perpetrator) witnessed the homicide-suicide, were in the immediate vicinity, found their parents’ bodies, or were killed, in 43% of cases. The prevalence of separation and domestic violence suggests several potential points of intervention, including stronger domestic violence legislation. Future research should place priority on assessing the impact of partner homicidesuicides on the families in which they occur. Such studies are essential for the informed development of preventive and therapeutic interventions for the families of both the victims and perpetrators of these fatal events. In addition, research focused on assisting men in coping with issues of control and separation is needed.

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