scholarly journals Do Consumers Exploit Commitment Opportunities? Evidence from Natural Experiments Involving Liquor Consumption

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Douglas Bernheim ◽  
Jonathan Meer ◽  
Neva K. Novarro
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Commitment Strategy ◽  
Commitment Devices

This paper provides evidence concerning the extent to which consumers of liquor employ commitment devices. One widely recommended commitment strategy is to regulate alcohol consumption by deliberately manipulating availability. The paper assesses the prevalence of the “availability strategy” by evaluating the effects of policies that would influence its effectiveness—specifically, changes in allowable Sunday sales hours. It finds that consumers increase their liquor consumption in response to extended Sunday on-premises sales hours, but not in response to extended off-premises sales hours. The latter finding is inconsistent with widespread use of the availability strategy. (JEL D12, H75, K39, L66)

scholarly journals Impulsive Consumption and Financial Well-Being: Evidence from an Increase in the Availability of Alcohol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Ben-David ◽  
Marieke Bos
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Liquidity Constraints ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Liquor Stores ◽  
Credit Demand ◽  
Commitment Devices ◽  
Low Income Households

Abstract The increased availability of alcohol may harm individuals who have present-focused preferences and consume more than initially planned. Using a nationwide experiment in Sweden, we study the credit behavior of low-income households around the expansion of liquor stores’ operating hours on Saturdays. Consistent with store closures serving as commitment devices, the policy led to higher credit demand, more default, increased dependence on welfare, and higher crime on Saturdays. The effects are concentrated on the young population due to higher alcohol consumption combined with tight liquidity constraints. The policy’s impact on indebtedness is estimated at 4.5 times the expenditure on alcohol.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impact of Alcohol Control Interventions on Suicide Mortality Rates

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyang Feng ◽  
Huan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
The Impact

Introduction & Objective: Given that the impact of regulatory and public policy initiatives cannot usually be tested through traditional randomized controlled trial designs, well-selected, -designed, and -analyzed natural experiments are the method of choice when examining the effects of such enactments on a variety of outcomes. The classic methodology for such evaluations is interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis, which is considered as one of the quasi-experimental designs that use both pre- and post-policy data without randomization. This study tests the impact of alcohol control interventions implemented in different period of times on suicide mortality rates among people 25-74 years of age using ITS. Methods: We mainly use the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) to capture trend and seasonality in suicide mortality rates while controlling for unemployment rates, financial crisis during 2007-2008, and legal alcohol consumption records. Given the notable differences in alcohol consumption and suicide mortality between males and females, all analyses are conducted gender-specifically. Results: The ITS shows that the intervention introduced in 2017 has a significant effect on reducing suicide mortality rates for males between 25 and 74. Following the implementation of the intervention, suicide mortality rates decreased by 23.8% (95% CI: 10.2% - 35.4%) on average. Conclusion: The alcohol control intervention that strictly increased the excise tax on alcohol products has been shown to have a strong impact on reducing suicide mortality rates among male adults 25-74 years of age. ITS analyses are one of the strongest evaluative designs and allow a more detailed assessment of the longitudinal impact of an intervention than may be possible with a randomized control trial.

Restriction of alcohol consumption in suicide prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 749-754
Author(s):  
Gergö Hadlaczky ◽  
Danuta Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Aggregate Level ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Key Characteristics

Although alcohol is lethal in high enough concentrations, it is rarely used as a primary method of suicide. The drug is nevertheless often present in the blood of suicide victims and alcohol consumption is related to suicide rates on an aggregate level. Given that a causal relationship is also supported by both natural experiments and studies on an individual level, restricting access to alcohol can arguably prevent suicides. Sensitivity of suicide rates to changes in alcohol consumption varies from one region to another, depending on cultural drinking habits. Identifying the key characteristics of cultures where changes in alcohol consumption most affect suicide rates may help in deciding where alcohol restriction policies may be effective in reducing suicide.

Alcohol consumption patterns in heavy drinkers with and without alcoholic liver disease (ALD)

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A117-A117
Author(s):  
K DEAR ◽  
M BRADLEY ◽  
K MCCORMACK ◽  
R PECK ◽  
D GLEESON
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Heavy Drinkers

Alcohol consumption and risk of heart failure in the GISSI-PREVENZIONE Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
G LEVANTESI ◽  
R MARFISI ◽  
M SCARANO ◽  
M SILLETTA ◽  
A MAGGIONI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Alcohol Consumption

Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Predict Suicide Ideation Among Alaskan Undergraduates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Monica C. Skewes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.

Patterns of food and alcohol consumption in a group of bulimic women.

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen S. Rand ◽  
Brian A. Lawlor ◽  
John M. Kuldau
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Bulimic Women
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document