scholarly journals Teamwork as a Self-Disciplining Device

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Fahn ◽  
Hendrik Hakenes
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Team Formation ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Relational Contract ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Utility ◽  
Commitment Device

We show that team formation can serve as an implicit commitment device to overcome problems of self-control. If individuals have present-biased preferences, effort that is costly today but rewarded at some later point in time is too low from the perspective of an individual’s long-run self. If agents interact repeatedly and can monitor each other, a relational contract involving teamwork can help to improve performance. The mutual promise to work harder is credible because the team breaks up after an agent has not kept this promise, which leads to individual underproduction in the future, reducing future utility. (JEL D11, D71, D86, M54)

Are Defined Contribution Plans a Commitment Device?

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Guo ◽  
Michael Finke
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Defined Contribution Plans ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Future ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Commitment Devices ◽  
Commitment Device

Many who want to save more for retirement are tripped up by short-run temptations. Yet, some can still achieve their goals by using commitment devices to limit suboptimal behavior. Defined contribution plans in the United States resemble a commitment device because they are framed as savings for the future and penalize early withdrawals. This study investigates whether defined contribution plans are particularly useful for households that value the future and exhibit self-control problems. We find that participation in defined contribution plans has a greater impact on wealth accumulation among households with hyperbolic preferences. Our results suggest that those who find it difficult to resist short-run temptation can achieve long-run goals through the use of less liquid accounts and automated savings.

Commitment Devices

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-35
Author(s):  
Michael Möcker
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Signaling Game ◽  
Control Problems ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Signaling Effect ◽  
The Future ◽  
Commitment Devices ◽  
Commitment Device

Commitment devices are regularly celebrated as an easy-to-use, budget way to dodge self-control problems. Analysis of a Bénabou and Tirole-style signaling game (2004) casts doubts on this view. Adding a commitment device to the standard model reveals difficulties: An agent relying on a commitment device to restrain his future self is less restrained in the present. Committing to do an unpleasant activity in the future leads to procrastination as the signaling effect of doing it now disappears. Therefore some agents may be better off without access to commitment devices. Policy implications are discussed.

Dealing with Misselling: Impact of Behavioural Interventions on Insurance Agents

2021 ◽  
pp. 263145412098771
Author(s):  
Biju Dominic ◽  
Reshmi
Keyword(s):  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Behavioural Interventions ◽  
Insurance Agents ◽  
Insurance Policies ◽  
Ethical Violations ◽  
Long Run

This case study is about misselling of insurance policies and associated ethical challenges in a leading insurance company. Pro-organisational ethical violations mostly remain unnoticed and are often protected by implausible explanations. In the long run, persistent rationalisation makes malpractices a norm. The present work describes the interventions applied by a consulting firm to bring behavioural integrity. The consulting firm found that socialisation, rationalisation and institutionalisation considerably influenced people’s behaviour at the workplace and normalised unethical behaviour of insurance agents. It architected the behaviour of salespeople by specifically designed interventions through self-control mechanism and nudges. These interventions developed integrity in employees and reduced the number of cautions, warnings and terminations.

scholarly journals A Central Element of Europe’s Football Ecosystem: Competitive Intensity in the “Big Five”

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3097
Author(s):  
Fabio Wagner ◽  
Holger Preuss ◽  
Thomas Könecke
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Competitive Intensity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Future ◽  
European Football ◽  
Over Time

This study perceives professional European football as one of the most relevant event-related entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) worldwide. It also identifies a healthy sporting competition in the five most popular European football leagues (Spain, England, Germany, Italy, and France), the “big five,” as a key pillar for the functioning of this ecosystem. By applying a quantitative approach, competitive intensity (CI) is measured for all big five leagues for 21 seasons (1998/99 to 2018/19). The chosen method does not only convey an overall indication of the competitive health of the entire league but also provides detailed information on the four important sub-competitions (championship race, qualification for Champions League or Europa League, and the fight against relegation). In all five leagues, seasonal CI tends to decrease over time, and especially over the last decade. The main reason is a decline in the intensity of the championship race while all other sub-competitions show relatively robust CI values. Overall, it can be concluded that the competitive health of the big five is intact, but the dwindling CI of the championship races can harm the EE of professional European football in the long run. Accordingly, it should be closely monitored in the future.

The Difference Principle, Capitalism, and Property-Owning Democracy

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-172
Author(s):  
Andrew Lister
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Difference Principle ◽  
State Capitalism ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Jason Brennan and John Tomasi have argued that if we focus on income alone, the Difference Principle supports welfare-state capitalism over property-owning democracy, because capitalism maximizes long run income growth for the worst off. If so, the defense of property-owning democracy rests on the priority of equal opportunity for political influence and social advancement over raising the income of the worst off, or on integrating workplace control into the Difference Principle’s index of advantage. The thesis of this paper is that even based on income alone, the Difference Principle is not as hostile to property-owning democracy as it may seem, because the Difference Principle should not be interpreted to require maximizing long run income growth. The main idea is that it is unfair to make the present worst off accept inequality that doesn’t benefit them, for the sake of benefitting the future worst off, if the future worst off will be better off than they are anyway.

A Psycho-Educational Approach to Coping with Failure Amongst Pupils

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Engel
Keyword(s):  
General Model ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
The Individual

In this paper I hope to explain the reasons for developing a method to provide the individual with tools to cope with failure at an early stage of his life; additionally, the general principles of that method will be formulated. Obviously, the basic objective is ultimately aimed at conditioning the child's thinking towards development of different attitudes in relation to failure situations. Success of the method, in the long run, depends upon the repetition of similar techniques, at least during the first years of the child's schooling. Thus we tend to believe that if we ‘instil’ in the child the proposed way of relating, he will then be able to cope not only with failure in the future but also with pressures exerted by unskilled teachers in school, who may use failure as a threat. As an additional alternative there is proposed a general model of treating children who have not been trained at an earlier stage to deal with failure within the school framework.

scholarly journals Change of perceptions of the image of the future among youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Natalia Petrovna Shilova ◽  
Pavel Petrovich Brudanov
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Emotional Relationships ◽  
The Future

This article describes the results of research carried out among youth for determining the perceptions of the image of the future. The image of the future is a dynamic psychological state that sets a vector of life and self-organization of individuals, and serves as the basis for projecting the development of personality and resources, essential for realization of its life path. Leaning on the analysis of existing perceptions of the image of the future suitable for youth, it was established that it relates to the perception of life as a dependent on the subject of activity, which correlates with independence, self-control, acceptance of social roles and emotional self-esteem. The author assumes that there are three key strategies in description of the image of the future for young men and women: planning, description of emotional relationships, and self-determination. The research involved total of 1,538 respondents (610 male and 928 female, aged 14-28. The classical methodology developed by I. S. Kon “Me in 5 Years” served as the main method for this study. Images of the future for young men and women contain both, different and similar strategies. Young women receiving vocational education see their future through planning, and the ones studying in high school and universities – through self-determination. Young men who study in high school and universities see their future through emotional relationships, and students of vocational education – through self-determination. This implies that namely the level of educational institution (school, university, vocational education) allows forming certain gender differences in the image of the future.

scholarly journals Habiletes Sociales Acquises Au Sein Des Familles Et Resilience Au Passage A L’acte Delictueux Chez Des Jeunes Vivant Dans Des Quartiers Defavorises A Abobo. (Abidjan)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (29) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Traore Massandjé ◽  
Crizoa Hermann ◽  
N’goran N’faissoh Franck Stéphane
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Young People ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Disadvantaged Neighborhoods ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Object Of Study

This study aims to explain the link between the social skills acquired within families and the resilience to the criminal act in young people living in disadvantaged neighborhoods in Abobo. The research was carried out in Abobo commune and involved 74 participants from different social categories. The collection of information relating to the object of study was based on questionnaire, interview and observation. The information collected was analyzed from a quantitative and qualitative point of view. The results of the study indicate that youth who are resilient to delinquency in the community are of all ages and both sexes. The study shows that the resilience to the criminal act in certain young people living in the precarious neighborhoods of the Abobo commune is explained by the ability to ask for help, self-control, development of a sense of autonomy and a projection into the future.

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