scholarly journals Measuring Job-Finding Rates and Matching Efficiency with Heterogeneous Job-Seekers

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Hall ◽  
Sam Schulhofer-Wohl
Keyword(s):  
Job Seekers ◽  
Matching Efficiency ◽  
Job Finding ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Percent Decline

Matching efficiency is the productivity of the process for matching job-seekers to available jobs. Job-finding is the output; vacant jobs and active job-seekers are the inputs.We develop a framework for measuring matching productivity when the population of job-seekers is heterogeneous. We find that overall matching efficiency declined smoothly over the period from 2001 through 2013. Measures of matching efficiency that neglect heterogeneity among the unemployed and also neglect job-seekers other than the unemployed suggest a large 28 percent decline in efficiency between 2007 and 2009. Most of this apparent decline results from changes in the composition of job-seekers. (JEL E24, J22, J23, J24, J41, J63)

scholarly journals Geloof in eigen kunnen: het effect van JOBS, een groepsinterventie voor werklozen

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veerle Brenninkmeijer ◽  
Arjan Van Houwelingen ◽  
Roland Blonk ◽  
Nico Van Yperen
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Group Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Absolute Level ◽  
Theoretical Comparison ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Job Finding ◽  
The Unemployed

Self-efficacy: the Effect of JOBS, a Group Intervention for the Unemployed Self-efficacy: the Effect of JOBS, a Group Intervention for the Unemployed Veerle Brenninkmeijer, Arjan Van Houwelingen, Roland Blonk & Nico Van Yperen, Gedrag & Organisatie, Volume 19, Juni 2006, nr. 2, pp. 97. This study is about the JOBS training, a group training for the unemployed (Vinokur, Van Ryn, Gramlich & Price, 1991) by increasing individuals' self-efficacy. First, a theoretical comparison was made between Bandura's (1977a) four sources of self-efficacy and the components of the JOBS training. Subsequently, we tested the effect of JOBS on self-efficacy in a longitudinal study among 281 JOBS participants. JOBS indeed increased the self-efficacy at both the short and long term (after one and six months). The increase on the short term was stronger among women. The increase in self-efficacy was not related to the actual job finding, but the absolute level of self-efficacy was.

Career Counseling Process Quality Promotes Reemployment

2019 ◽  
pp. 089484531988473
Author(s):  
Peter Behrendt ◽  
Anja S. Göritz ◽  
Katharina Heuer
Keyword(s):  
Career Counseling ◽  
Process Quality ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Career Intervention ◽  
Career Counselor ◽  
Counseling Process ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
The Unemployed

One-on-one career counseling has been established as the most effective type of career intervention. Prior research results have suggested that process quality determines counseling success. In this multilevel study, career counseling process quality is validated as a predictor of job seekers’ reemployment at three Swiss job centers. Supervisors’ evaluations of the process quality of mandatory counseling sessions predicted faster reemployment of the 444 counseled job seekers by 18.9 working days on average. This effect equals yearly savings of 418 million Swiss Francs CHF (US$ 422 million) in Swiss unemployment benefits. While in many countries, the counseling of the unemployed is predominantly an administrative process, the findings should encourage investments in process quality of career counseling to promote reemployment. Furthermore, the study calls for further research on the underlying factors of career counseling process quality and the respective career counselor behaviors.

scholarly journals Social Isolation as Stigma-Management: Explaining Long-Term Unemployed People’s ‘Failure’ to Network

Sociology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1043-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Peterie ◽  
Gaby Ramia ◽  
Greg Marston ◽  
Roger Patulny
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Depth Interviews

Social networks play an important role in helping people find employment, yet extant studies have argued that unemployed ‘job-seekers’ rarely engage in ‘networking’ behaviours. Previous explanations of this inactivity have typically focused on individual factors such as personality, knowledge and attitude, or suggested that isolation occurs because individuals lose access to the latent benefits of employment. Social stigma has been obscured in these debates, even as they have perpetuated stereotypes regarding individual responsibility for unemployment and the inherent value of paid work. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 80 unemployed Australians, this article argues that stigma-related shame is an important factor in networking decisions. First, it demonstrates that stigma is ubiquitous in the lives of the unemployed. Second, it identifies withdrawal from social networks and disassociation from ‘the unemployed’ as two key strategies that unemployed people use to manage stigma-related shame, and shows how these strategies reduce networking activities.

scholarly journals Finnish attitudes towards immigrants in 1987-1999

2000 ◽  
pp. 129-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jaakkola
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Entire Population ◽  
Contact Theory ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
The Unemployed

The attitudes of Finns towards foreigners were more negative during the time of widespread unemployment in 1993 than before (1987) or afterwards (1998-1999). Interviews with about 1000 person representing the entire population showed that the most educated and those who were personally acquainted with migrants were more positive - in accordance with the contact theory - than the others in their attitudes toward refugees and foreign job seekers and all the ethnic groups mentioned. Those with little education, pensioners, the unemployed, men supporters of the Central Party and those living in rural areas had more negative attitudes and believed - in accordance with the conflict theory - that they would take jobs and social benefits away from the Finns. In 1998 over one-third of the young men living in the rural areas supported the actions of skinheads against immigrants.

scholarly journals Life satisfaction of employees, labour market tightness and matching efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo de Pedraza ◽  
Martin Guzi ◽  
Kea Tijdens
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Temporary Employment ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Information Frictions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Matching Efficiency ◽  
Stage Estimation ◽  
Matching Models

PurposeDi Tella et al. (2001) show that temporary fluctuations in life satisfaction (LS) are correlated with macroeconomic circumstances such as gross domestic product, unemployment and inflation. In this paper, we bring attention to labour market measures from search and matching models (Pissarides 2000).Design/methodology/approachOur analysis follows the two-stage estimation strategy used in Di Tella et al. (2001) to explore sectoral unemployment levels, labour market tightness and matching efficiency as LS determinants. In the first stage, we use a large sample of individual data collected from a continuous web survey during the 2007–2014 period in the Netherlands to obtain regression-adjusted measures of LS by quarter and economic sector. In the second-stage, we regress LS measures against the unemployment level, labour market tightness and matching efficiency.FindingsOur results are threefold. First, the negative link between unemployment and an employee's LS is confirmed at the sectoral level. Second, labour market tightness, measured as the number of vacancies per job-seeker rather than the number of vacancies per unemployed, is shown to be relevant to the LS of workers. Third, labour market matching efficiency affects the LS of workers differently when they are less satisfied with their job and in temporary employment.Originality/valueNo evidence of this relationship has been documented before. Our results give support to government interventions aimed at activating demand for labour, improving the matching of job-seekers to vacant jobs and reducing information frictions by supporting match-making technologies.

Job-Finding among the Poor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Susan Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
Job Information ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Job Finding

This article examines whether social ties play a significant role in job seeking by poor people. A number of studies provide evidence that in relative and absolute terms, the poor rely heavily on social networks for job-finding. Without networks, poor job seekers are significantly less likely to find work. After considering what kinds of ties help the poor get ahead, this article discusses the role of weak ties as a source of job information and influence. It then explores the link between employment outcomes and network structure and composition as well as how people make leveraging ties, and how might this process of tie formation inform our understanding of network inequality. It also asks why leveraging ties are effective and concludes with an assessment of conditions that facilitate social capital activation.

scholarly journals Measuring Inefficiency of the Czech Labour Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Němec
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Stochastic Frontiers ◽  
Matching Process ◽  
Matching Efficiency ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Regional Labour Markets ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Unemployed

Abstract This paper aims to quantify the performance of the Czech regional labour markets and to reveal the most influential economic factors standing behind its dynamics in the last fifteen years. Investigated labour markets are described using matching function approach. The successful matches are treated as an output of production process, where the unemployed are paired with vacancies. Efficiency of this matching process plays an important role in determining unemployment outflows. Using stochastic frontier model approach, dynamics of quantified efficiency terms is revealed and differences among regions are evaluated. The model specification includes a fixed effect term, where individual effect terms and inefficiency terms are estimated jointly. The stochastic frontier is estimated using monthly and quarterly regional panel data of 77 districts for the period 1999-2014. Matching efficiency of the Czech regional labour markets is negatively influenced people who have been unemployed for a long time and by the unemployed aged over 50 years. Although all districts were able to operate at their stochastic frontiers of matching, an upward trend in the inefficiency has been found within the investigated period. These tendencies are accompanied by rising disparities among the regions. Low levels of estimated matching inefficiency do not necessary mean the low unemployment in the corresponding districts.

Access to the Latent Benefits of Employment for Unemployed and Underemployed Individuals

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (3_part_2) ◽  
pp. 1208-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Creed ◽  
Michael A. Machin
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Monotonic Increase ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Unemployed

A sample of job seekers ( N = 161) were assessed on measures of well-being and the latent benefits of employment. The unemployed reported less access to the latent benefits than the underemployed. In a finer grained analysis, there was a monotonic increase from least to most access to the latent benefits from those with no paid work in the past three months, some paid work in the past three months, some current paid work, to those with considerable current paid work. Despite this, no differences in well-being were found.

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