scholarly journals Do Job Destruction Shocks Matter in the Theory of Unemployment

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvyn G. Coles ◽  
Ali Moghaddasi Kelishomi
Keyword(s):  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Free Entry ◽  
Job Destruction ◽  
Separation Shock ◽  
Job Separation ◽  
Simulated Method Of Moments ◽  
The Many ◽  
Unemployment Volatility

Because the data show that market tightness is not orthogonal to unemployment, this paper identifies the many empirical difficulties caused by adopting the free entry of vacancies assumption in the Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides (DMP) framework. Relaxing the free entry assumption and using Simulated Method of Moments (SMM) finds the vacancy creation process is less than infinitely elastic. Because a recession-leading job separation shock then causes vacancies to fall as unemployment increases, the ad hoc restriction to zero job separation shocks (to generate Beveridge curve dynamics) becomes redundant. In contrast to standard arguments, the calibrated model finds the job separation process drives unemployment volatility over the cycle. (JEL E24, E32, J24, J63, J64)

scholarly journals Where the Sidewalk Ends: Automobility and Shame in Tbilisi, Georgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perry Maxfield Waldman Sherouse
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Urban Public Space ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

In recent years, cars have steadily colonized the sidewalks in downtown Tbilisi. By driving and parking on sidewalks, vehicles have reshaped public space and placed pedestrian life at risk. A variety of social actors coordinate sidewalk affairs in the city, including the local government, a private company called CT Park, and a fleet of self-appointed st’aianshik’ebi (parking attendants) who direct drivers into parking spots for spare change. Pedestrian activists have challenged the automotive conquest of footpaths in innovative ways, including art installations, social media protests, and the fashioning of ad hoc physical barriers. By safeguarding sidewalks against cars, activists assert ideals for public space that are predicated on sharp boundaries between sidewalk and street, pedestrian and machine, citizen and commodity. Politicians and activists alike connect the sharpness of such boundaries to an imagined Europe. Georgia’s parking culture thus reflects not only local configurations of power among the many interests clamoring for the space of the sidewalk, but also global hierarchies of value that form meaningful distinctions and aspirational horizons in debates over urban public space. Against the dismal frictions of an expanding car system, social actors mobilize the idioms of freedom and shame to reinterpret and repartition the public/private distinction.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Rainfall Models Based On Poisson Cluster Processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanda R Aryal ◽  
Owen D Jones
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Approximate Bayesian Computation ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Bayesian Computation ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Temporal Models ◽  
Simulated Method Of Moments ◽  
Approximate Bayesian ◽  
Poisson Cluster

Abstract We fit stochastic spatial-temporal models to high-resolution rainfall radar data using Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC). As a baseline we fit a model of Cox, Isham and Northrop, which we then generalise in a variety of ways. Of central importance is the use of ABC, as it is not possible to fit models of this complexity using previous approaches. We also introduce the use of Simulated Method of Moments (SMM) to initialise the ABC fit.

Equity and Sustainability in the Old Growth Forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dragun
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
General Issue ◽  
The Face ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
The Many ◽  
Variable Efficiency

The general issue of forest use has been highly contentious in Victoria and considerable human effort has been exerted to establish the “best” use of forests. This economic, bureaucratic and political contemplation has yielded a multitude of different policy prescriptions with quite variable efficiency and equity outcomes. However, a feature of the analysis is that nowhere-on the grounds of efficiency or equity-is forestry logging the clearly desired outcome. Yet in the face of insurmountable evidence against logging, governments in Victoria prevaricate over making a formal decision not to log the forests-in fact the ad hoc approach to forest management favours the established forest interests. Clearly the narrow economic power and interests of a few logging companies are sufficient to counterbalance the much greater-but diffuse-well being of the many citizens in the state.

De-biasing role induced bias using Bayesian networks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Probability Theory ◽  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Subjective Probability ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Normative Standard ◽  
The Many ◽  
Legal Fact ◽  
Assessment Of Evidence

Abstract The merits of using subjective probability theory as a normative standard for evidence evaluation by legal fact-finders have been hotly debated for decades. Critics argue that formal mathematical models only lead to an apparent precision that obfuscates the ad-hoc nature of the many assumptions that underlie the model. Proponents of using subjective probability theory as normative standard for legal decision makers, specifically proponents of using Bayesian networks as decision aids in complex evaluations of evidence, must show that formal models have tangible benefits over the more natural, holistic assessment of evidence by explanatory coherence. This article demonstrates that the assessment of evidence using a Bayesian network parametrized with values obtained from the decision makers reduces role-induced bias, a bias that has been largely resistant to de-biasing attempts so far.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Separation Characteristics of Piston-Type Explosive Bolt

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Li ◽  
Jingcheng Wang ◽  
Shihui Xiong ◽  
Li Cheng ◽  
Yuquan Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Shock Source ◽  
Separation Time ◽  
Separation Shock ◽  
High Shock ◽  
Release Device ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
The Impact

An explosive bolt is a simple, highly reliable, and efficient pyrotechnic release device widely used in spacecraft and rocket launchers. High shock transient response is generated during the separation of a release device, which tends to damage the nearby micromechanism and hardware. The purpose of this article is to predict the shock response of an explosive bolt. In this paper, the separation process of a piston-type explosive bolt is simulated by using a hydrocode named AUTODYN and the influence of the charge amount on separation time, separation speed, and separation shock is analyzed. Results show that piston-type explosive bolts obey a tensile fracture mechanism and that the critical charge amount for separation is 354–398 mg of PETN. The separation shock of such an explosive bolt mainly includes two aspects: the shock caused by explosive detonations and the impact of the piston at the end of the stroke. As the charge amount increases, the separation time decreases, the speed of the piston and screw increases first and then decreases, and the separation shock first increases and then stabilizes. On a simple aluminum plate, the shock response decreases as the distance from the shock source increases, obeying the power function attenuation law.

scholarly journals Comments on the Ad Hoc Committee's Critique of the Massachusetts Teacher Tests

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Howard Wainer
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

The critique of the Massachusetts Teacher Tests (MTT) by Haney and his colleagues is deserving of comment, both because of the impact of the MTT and because of the evocative manner in which the tale is told. Their emphasis on examples makes for a forceful argument, and I fear that my reliance on precepts may look meager by comparison. Nevertheless, I hope that some of the observations that follow contribute to the more reasoned assessment of these instruments and their use not just in Massachusetts but in the many other states where similar programs are being developed or contemplated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document