scholarly journals The Gender Gap in Secondary School Mathematics at High Achievement Levels: Evidence from the American Mathematics Competitions

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Ellison ◽  
Ashley Swanson
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
High Achievement ◽  
School Students ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Small Set ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Achievement Levels

This paper uses a new data source, American Mathematics Competitions, to examine the gender gap among high school students at very high achievement levels. The data bring out several new facts. There is a large gender gap that widens dramatically at percentiles above those that can be examined using standard data sources. An analysis of unobserved heterogeneity indicates that there is only moderate variation in the gender gap across schools. The highest achieving girls in the U.S. are concentrated in a very small set of elite schools, suggesting that almost all girls with the ability to reach high math achievement levels are not doing so.

Telling Cases That Inform an Understanding of Factors Impacting the Development of Inventors From Diverse Backgrounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Stephanie Couch ◽  
Audra Skukauskaite ◽  
Leigh B. Estabrooks
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds

The lack of diversity among patent holders in the United States (1-3) is a topic that is being discussed by federal policymakers. Available data suggests that prolific patent holders and leading technology innovators are 88.3% male and nearly 94.3% Asian, Pacific Islander, or White, and half of the diversity that does exist is among those who are foreign born (3). The data shows that there is a need for greater diversity among patent holders. Few studies, however, are available to guide the work of educators creating learning opportunities to help young people from diverse backgrounds learn to invent. Educators must navigate issues that have complex sociocultural and historical dimensions (4), which shape the ideas of those surrounding them regarding who can invent, with whom, under what conditions, and for what purposes. In this paper, we report the results of an ongoing multimethod study of an invention education pro- gram that has worked with teachers and students in Grades 6 through 12 for the past 16 years. Findings stem from an analysis of end-of-year experience surveys and interview transcripts of six students (three young men and three young women) who participated in high school InvenTeams®. The data were used to investigate three topics: 1) ways high school students who have participated on an InvenTeam conceptualize the term "failure" and what it means to "learn from failure," 2) what supported and constrained the work of the three young women during their InvenTeams experience and the implications for policy makers concerned about the gender gap in patenting, and 3) ways the young men and young women took up (or didn't take up) the identity of "inventor" after working on a team that developed a working prototype of an invention during the previous school year.

May 1968 in Africa: Revolt in Dakar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Gueye ◽  
Fallou Ngom ◽  
Vincent Hiribarren ◽  
Jelmer Vos ◽  
Fabrice Jaumont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
University Campus ◽  
School Students ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
May 1968 ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The University

As in a number of other continents, Africa experienced a wave of student and union protests in May 1968. One of its epicenters was in Senegal, based at the University of Dakar, also known as the “eighteenth French university,” where students from France and almost all Francophone Africa were directed. The events of May 1968 in Senegal were primarily caused by local factors, although similarities with the global youth protest movement can also be found. Initially ignited by a student revolt over the conditions of scholarships, the movement spread to high school students and workers’ unions, gaining the support of the working classes, while the party-state relied on the army’s loyalty as well as the support of marabouts, the Muslim leaders. This in turn expanded the crisis, first from Dakar to other parts of the country, then from Senegal to the native countries of the students who had been arrested and expelled after the university campus had been stormed by the police. At the crossroads between an escalating student strike, a student movement infiltrated by political opposition or foreign influence, a rebellion against neocolonialism, as well as a sense of weariness due to difficult social and economic circumstances, May 1968 in Senegal resembled a protest against the personal power of President Senghor as well as a demonstration led by young people who, like their counterparts abroad, wanted to change the world. The national crisis, in a context of international turmoil and in interaction with global issues, ended on September 26, when the four-month high school strikes satisfactory ended.

STUDENTS’ PROPORTIONAL REASONING IN MATHEMATICS THROUGH COVID-19 PANDEMIC CONTEXT

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1670
Author(s):  
Rohati Rohati ◽  
Turmudi Turmudi ◽  
Kusnandi Kusnandi
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Real World ◽  
Proportional Reasoning ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
School Students ◽  
Reasoning Skills ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The aim of this study was to ascertain high school students' proportional reasoning in the sense of the COVID-19 pandemic. How do students' thoughts flow when confronted with problems requiring proportional reasoning? This research is a mixed study by collecting data through problem-solving questions to 253 junior high school students in Muaro Jambi, Jambi Province, Indonesia. The problem-solving activities are based on real-world scenarios and require reasoning that is proportional and pertinent to the COVID-19 pandemic context. Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the test is administered through the Whatsapp framework. Students' responses are examined in detail to ascertain their proportional reasoning skills. The results indicate that almost all students correctly answered the first question. However, only a small percentage of students were able to answer to and make the correct argument for the second question. The findings indicated that students demonstrated a reasonable level of proportional reasoning when confronted with the COVID-19 pandemic situation. According to the findings of this report, it is important for teachers of mathematics to establish learning activities and problem-solving tasks that help students improve their proportional reasoning skills. Keywords: COVID-19; Problem Solving; Proportional Reasoning; Real-World Situations AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali penalaran proporsional siswa SMA  dengan konteks pandemi COVID-19. Bagaimana alur pemikiran siswa ketika dihadapkan pada masalah yang membutuhkan penalaran proporsional? Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian campuran dengan pengumpulan data melalui pertanyaan pemecahan masalah kepada 253 siswa SMP di Muaro Jambi, Provinsi Jambi, Indonesia. Kegiatan pemecahan masalah didasarkan pada skenario dunia nyata dan membutuhkan penalaran yang proporsional dan relevan dengan konteks pandemi COVID-19. Karena pandemi COVID-19 yang sedang berlangsung, tes dikirim melalui aplikasi Whatsapp. Tanggapan siswa diperiksa secara rinci untuk memastikan kemampuan penalaran proporsional mereka. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua siswa menjawab pertanyaan pertama dengan benar. Namun, hanya sebagian kecil siswa yang mampu menjawab dan membuat argumen yang benar untuk pertanyaan kedua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki alur penalaran proporsional yang cukup baik dengan menggunakan konteks kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Menurut temuan  ini, penting bagi guru matematika untuk menetapkan kegiatan pembelajaran dan tugas pemecahan masalah yang membantu siswa meningkatkan keterampilan penalaran proporsional mereka. Kata kunci: COVID-19; Pemecahan Masalah; Penalaran Proporsional; Situasi Dunia

scholarly journals Teaching Chemistry Based on the Stimulus Equivalence Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo de Abreu César ◽  
Melania Moroz
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Stimulus Equivalence ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
School Level ◽  
High School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Conditional Relations ◽  
Equivalence Model ◽  
Almost All

Abstract This study aimed to verify the effects of a procedure, based on the stimulus equivalence model, to teach naming 10 chemical elements, from their symbolic representations and their respective numbers and atomic models. Eight high school students participated. Four classes of stimuli were used: (A) name; (B) symbol; (C) atomic number; (E) atomic model of chemical elements. The following were performed: evaluation of the initial repertoire; teaching of conditional relations and testing of emergence of new conditional relations; evaluation of the final repertoire. From the teaching of three relations (AB, BC and BE), almost all participants presented at least 90% of correct answers (hits) in nine relations (BA, CB, AC, CA, EB, AE, EA, CE, EC); in the chemical elements naming (BD, CD and ED), seven participants obtained at least 80% of hits. The efficiency of teaching procedure for chemistry learning at the high school level has been verified.

scholarly journals Perceptions of nursing as a future profession among high school students' females in AL-RASS city, Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa Al-humaidan ◽  
Fathia Mersal
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Career ◽  
Nursing Career ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Future Choice

Background: Saudi Arabia has a huge shortage of Saudi nurses. Therefore, the students’ perception of nursing affect their future choice of nursing career. Despite nursing is an honorable profession the majority of Saudi’s families still do not think like that about nursing.Aim: This study aimed to explore the Perceptions of nursing as a future profession among Secondary school students' females in Al Rass city KSA.Design: A cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized.Sample: A convenient sample of female’s secondary school was included.Tools: Professional nursing perception questionnaires were used and provided to 225 females aged 16 and above who are attending the largest 4 high governmental schools in Al-Rass city in the Qassim region of KSA.Result: the result revealed that almost all had an idea about the functional aspect of nursing career, and 37% of them have got this infor-mation from media. However, only 29% of participants will choose nursing as a future career. Additionally, 55.1% of participants indicated that nursing requires science background that was their primary reason to avoid nursing career.Conclusion: this study concluded that the majority of respondents do not prefer nursing as future career. Therefore, there is a critical need to enhance the image of nursing and attract more high school students into this profession.

Gender, Parental Characteristics, and Financial Knowledge of High School Students: Evidence From Multicountry Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca G. Chambers ◽  
Carlos J. Asarta ◽  
Elizabeth N. Farley-Ripple
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Financial Knowledge ◽  
Literacy Assessment ◽  
School Students ◽  
International Student Assessment

This study examines the gender gap in financial literacy by using the Financial Literacy Assessment from the OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The analysis focuses on the influence of parents on their children's understanding of financial concepts, utilizing multilevel modeling procedures to examine variance among students, within schools, and within countries. Based on data from 18 countries, results suggest that a gender gap in financial knowledge favoring male high school students is present and that parents may influence their children's financial knowledge.

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy, Social Support, Academic Flow, and Math Anxiety among Islamic Senior High School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-326
Author(s):  
Mutia Herawati ◽  
Abdul Muhid ◽  
Asep Saepul Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Math Anxiety ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
School Students ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Psychological Scales ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Almost All

Math anxiety is a crucial problem experienced by almost all students. Due to the math anxiety affects the decreasing of mathematics achievement, many educators and researchers focused to overcome the math anxiety. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the effects of math self-efficacy, social support, and academic flow on math anxiety. This research used a quantitative approach, by using psychological scales survey as a data collection. The participants of this study were 167 students which were collected using quota sampling technique at two high schools. The results show that there was a simultaneous significant negative effect of math self-efficacy, social support, and academic flow toward math anxiety. In addition, the partial analysis shows that there is no significant effect between math self-efficacy and math anxiety. While social support and academic flow have a significant effect on math anxiety. Thus, social support and academic flow can be used as strong predictors of math anxiety.

scholarly journals Korelasi Subtes IST dengan Nilai Mata Pelajaran di Sekolah yang Berada di Bawah Naungan Yayasan ‘X’ Bandung

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-182
Author(s):  
Lisa Imelia ◽  
Heliany Kiswantomo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Student Achievement ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Intelligence Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cultural Arts ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
Correlation Strength ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Academic Scores

The purpose of this research is to measure  the Correlation between IST Subtest with Academis Scores at Schools in Yayasan ‘X’  Bandung. IST is one of the intelligence test currently used to measure students' intelligence at school. Student achievement is influenced by intelligence. This study uses multiple correlational design, to measure  correlation strength between the two variables. Respondent are are 10th grade high school students in Yayasan ‘X’  Bandung. The instrument used in this study is the IST to measure the intelligence. Academic scores taken from student scores in every lesson. The results of this study indicate that the function of intelligence correlates with almost all forced lessons, except for cultural arts, singing, design and sports. For subjects of IPA concentration, intelligence function is supposed to be a predictor of Physics, Mathematics, Biology and Chemistry, whereas for subjects of IPS concentration, intelligence function can only be predictor of geography.

scholarly journals Poor and Disliking Subjects in Relation to Residence - A Case Study on High School Students

2019 ◽  
pp. 686-689
Author(s):  
Sankara Pitchaiah Podila ◽  
Nazia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Urban Students ◽  
Rural Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Guntur District ◽  
Almost All

Liking and Disliking towards a subject is a common feature among the high school students. Some students feel easy about some subjects and tough about some other. The response was taken from 2743 students, studying 8th to 10th classes (Rural: 869 and Urban: 1874) in Government High schools of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh. The study found that High percent of rural students are Poor in almost all the subjects, except Natural Science compared to the urban students. In both cases, Telugu subject is easy for them. High percent of rural students disliking all the subjects compared to the urban.

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