scholarly journals Do Energy Efficiency Investments Deliver at the Right Time?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judson Boomhower ◽  
Lucas Davis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Large Capacity ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Right

Most analyses of energy efficiency investments ignore that the value of electricity varies widely across hours. We show how much timing matters. Using novel hourly consumption data from an air conditioner rebate program in California, we find that energy savings are concentrated in high-value hours. This significantly increases the value of these investments, especially after we account for the large capacity payments that electricity generators receive to guarantee supply in peak hours. We then use engineering predictions to calculate timing premiums for a wide range of energy efficiency investments, finding substantial variation in economic value across investments. (JEL L94, L98, Q41, Q48)

IoT Based Energy Efficiency Monitoring in Stamping Workshop

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gan ◽  
W. Xiong ◽  
L. Li ◽  
L. Zhu ◽  
H. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Flow Energy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analysis System

Abstract Stamping is employed in a wide range of applications including household appliances, automobiles, vessel, and aerospace. Due to the discrete flow energy-intensive processes and dynamic energy changes in stamping production, it has great potential for energy savings. There still lacks an effective method to monitor and analyze the energy efficiency in stamping workshop. To this end, this paper proposes an energy efficiency monitoring and analysis system based on Internet of Things (IoT). The characteristics in stamping workshop are first analyzed, the energy consumption is decomposed, and the makespan is quantified. Besides, energy efficiency indicators of energy efficiency in the press machine, specific energy consumption in the part, and energy efficiency in the workshop are analyzed and defined. Then the detailed information about the energy efficiency monitoring and analysis system as data acquisition, data transmission, data storage, data analysis, and display based on IoT is presented. Finally, a forklift stamping workshop was investigated to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The interface and the results of the data analysis showed that the proposed system can monitor the energy efficiency in the stamping workshop comprehensively. Furthermore, potential opportunities for energy consumption reduction and efficient production can be identified.

PENERAPAN BUILDING PERFORMANCE SEBAGAI USAHA MENCIPTAKAN KENYAMANAN TERMAL

AKSEN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-73
Author(s):  
Victor Christian Salim ◽  
Astrid Kusumowidagdo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Heat Management ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right

Indonesia is a large and rich country, predicted to be number 6th in the world economy by 2023. This is  of course followed by the development of business sectors in the country, especially creative industries including the architectural design industry. The growing competition in the world of architecture with the number of firms that have sprung up has encouraged business performer in search for “added value” that can make their services receive more attention from the public. One thing that is appealing is green architecture, especially building performance that offers environmental friendly and energy-saving options. Aspects of concern in building performance include energy efficiency itself, productivity, and comfort. For many people energy efficiency is often associated with retrenchment, that reduce comfort, one of which is thermal comfort. In fact, building performance works simultaneously. Considering 3 aspects that concern the building performance, one of them is comfort, thermal comfort is one of the concerns. In fact, many building performance strategies can be offered and applied to architectural designs that improve heat management, especially heat loss such as shade and ventilation / ventilation that can handle this. With the right strategy, it is not only the energy savings we get, the comfort of the residents themselves can be maintained.

Energy Efficiency of Building Envelopes

2013 ◽  
Vol 855 ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Jedinák
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Right

Energy efficiency of buildings is one of the basic requirements of current architectural engineering. The new recast of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) calls for all new buildings to be nearly zero energy buildings by the end of 2020. To achieve this target is quite challenging. Nowadays some of the buildings that are realized are reaching these objectives. The current market is able to offer a wide range of thermal systems and thermal insulation materials themselves and the right choice of thermal system or thermal insulation material is a difficult task. Considering the significant impact that energy consumption has, is particularly important to implement policies aimed at improving energy efficiency in buildings. Highly energy efficient buildings can either save primary energy or disseminate the use of the most suitable technologies to be used in new constructions. The building may be considered as an example to study and optimize the benefits of higher energy efficiency together with the use of renewable energy systems. This article is going to discuss the characteristics of these solutions, trends in their research and development and their conceptual bases.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Levels of Street Lighting Using Aerial Imagery and Energy Efficiency Calculation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidio Rabaza ◽  
Evaristo Molero-Mesa ◽  
Fernando Aznar-Dols ◽  
Daniel Gómez-Lorente
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lighting Systems

This article describes an innovative method for measuring lighting levels and other lighting parameters through the use of aerial imagery of towns and cities. Combined with electricity consumption data from smart electricity meters, it was possible to measure the energy efficiency of public lighting installations. The results of this study also confirmed that lighting measurements, installation material, luminaire position, and electricity consumption data can be easily integrated into geographic information systems (GIS). The main advantage of this new methodology is that it provides information about lighting installations in large areas in less time than more conventional procedures. It is thus a more effective way of obtaining the data required to calculate the energy efficiency of lighting levels and electricity consumption. There is even the possibility of generating street lighting maps that provide local administrations with up-to-date information regarding the status of public lighting installations in their city. In this way, modifications or improvements can be made to achieve greater energy savings and, if necessary, to correct the distribution or configuration of public lighting systems to make them more efficient and sustainable. This research studied levels of street lighting and calculated the energy efficiency in various streets of Deifontes (Granada), through the use of aerial imagery.

scholarly journals General-Purpose and Scalable Internal-Combustion Engine Model for Energy-Efficiency Studies

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Mika Laurén ◽  
Giota Goswami ◽  
Anna Tupitsina ◽  
Suraj Jaiswal ◽  
Tuomo Lindh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
System Level ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hybrid Powertrains

Hybrid powertrains that combine electric machines and internal-combustion engines offer substantial opportunities to increase the energy efficiency and minimize the exhaust emissions of vehicles and nonroad working machines. Due to the wide range of applications of such powertrains, simulation tools are used to evaluate and compare the energy efficiency of hybrid powertrains for application-specific working cycles in virtual environments. Therefore, the accurate modeling of the powertrain components of a hybrid system is important. This paper presents an agile calculation tool that can generate realistic fuel consumption data of a scalable diesel engine. This method utilizes a simple efficiency model of the combustion and crank train friction model to generate the fuel consumption map in the operating area of a typical diesel engine. The model parameters are calibrated to produce accurate fuel consumption data in the initial phase of system-level simulations. The proposed method is also validated by using three real engine datasets, and the comparison of results is presented.

scholarly journals From Helios to Our House

2001 ◽  
Vol 123 (08) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Paul Sharke
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Control System ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Temperature Scale ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Prototype Development ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Energy Center

A study commissioned by Florida Power and Light Co. of Juno Beach reports that energy savings in Florida from ceiling fans came only with the raising of air conditioner thermostats. Making fans with high-efficiency motors offered one way of achieving that goal and aerodynamic blades offer another. Infrared thermogram of a typical ceiling fan shows heat generated by the motor. Temperature scale at bottom reads from coolest to hottest. With simulations having helped the decision on the choice of design, the engineer team set out to discover a building method for making the prototype blades. As work proceeded on the blades, Florida Solar Energy Center, in Cocoa, also considered what sort of control system would eventually operate a production version. Even after undergoing many redesigns from the original wooden-blade prototype development team tested back in 1997, the two production models offer substantial improvements in energy efficiency.

scholarly journals A study for improving the energy efficiency of lifts with adjustable counterweighting

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Tukia ◽  
Semen Uimonen ◽  
Marja-Liisa Siikonen ◽  
Harri Hakala ◽  
Matti Lehtonen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Product Attractiveness

This article presents a study of the potential energy efficiency improvement by means of adjusting the lift counterweight. The lift energy consumption in different counterweight set-ups is studied by employing measured lift traffic and energy consumption data from an office building in Finland. Overall, dimensioning the counterweight based on traffic analysis is one of the fastest and most cost-effective means of improving the energy efficiency of lifts. The results from the building imply, however, that with a relatively constant loading throughout the day, the continuous adjusting of the counterweight provides limited energy savings compared to systems where the counterweight is sized according to the average load. Nevertheless, active adjustment of the counterweight size may provide considerable savings in lift systems if there is a wide variation in the car loading between the hours of the day. Furthermore, reducing the counterweight potentially improves the ISO 25745-2 energy efficiency classification of the lift, thus increasing the product attractiveness in the market. Practical application: This article presents practical approaches to analysing the energy consumption of counterbalanced lifts. The modelled results can be used to optimise the mass of the counterweight in order to achieve considerable energy savings in the actual or expected traffic profile.

Evaluation of 99mTc-Label led Vitamin K4 as an Agent for Testicular Imaging

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Durak ◽  
M. Kitapgi ◽  
B. E. Caner ◽  
R. Senekowitsch ◽  
M. T. Ercan
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Activity Ratios ◽  
The Right ◽  
Radioactivity Levels

Vitamin K4 was labelled with 99mTc with an efficiency higher than 97%. The compound was stable up to 24 h at room temperature, and its biodistribution in NMRI mice indicated its in vivo stability. Blood radioactivity levels were high over a wide range. 10% of the injected activity remained in blood after 24 h. Excretion was mostly via kidneys. Only the liver and kidneys concentrated appreciable amounts of radioactivity. Testis/soft tissue ratios were 1.4 and 1.57 at 6 and 24 h, respectively. Testis/blood ratios were lower than 1. In vitro studies with mouse blood indicated that 33.9 ±9.6% of the radioactivity was associated with RBCs; it was washed out almost completely with saline. Protein binding was 28.7 ±6.3% as determined by TCA precipitation. Blood clearance of 99mTc-l<4 in normal subjects showed a slow decrease of radioactivity, reaching a plateau after 16 h at 20% of the injected activity. In scintigraphic images in men the testes could be well visualized. The right/left testis ratio was 1.08 ±0.13. Testis/soft tissue and testis/blood activity ratios were highest at 3 h. These ratios were higher than those obtained with pertechnetate at 20 min post injection.99mTc-l<4 appears to be a promising radiopharmaceutical for the scintigraphic visualization of testes.

It is better an approximate answer to the right question than the exact answer to the wrong question : the case of the psychometric analysis of the ASQ:SE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Anunciacao ◽  
janet squires ◽  
J. Landeira-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Exact Answer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ages And Stages Questionnaire ◽  
The Right

One of the main activities in psychometrics is to analyze the internal structure of a test. Multivariate statistical methods, including Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are frequently used to do this, but the growth of Network Analysis (NA) places this method as a promising candidate. The results obtained by these methods are of valuable interest, as they not only produce evidence to explore if the test is measuring its intended construct, but also to deal with the substantive theory that motivated the test development. However, these different statistical methods come up with different answers, providing the basis for different analytical and theoretical strategies when one needs to choose a solution. In this study, we took advantage of a large volume of published data (n = 22,331) obtained by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE), and formed a subset of 500 children to present and discuss alternative psychometric solutions to its internal structure, and also to its subjacent theory. The analyses were based on a polychoric matrix, the number of factors to retain followed several well-known rules of thumb, and a wide range of exploratory methods was fitted to the data, including EFA, PCA, and NA. The statistical outcomes were divergent, varying from 1 to 6 domains, allowing a flexible interpretation of the results. We argue that the use of statistical methods in the absence of a well-grounded psychological theory has limited applications, despite its appeal. All data and codes are available at https://osf.io/z6gwv/.

THE VALUE OF LOVE IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL MATURITY OF THE EDUCATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(79)) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
G. Bubyreva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The existing legislation determines the education as "an integral and focused process of teaching and upbringing, which represents a socially important value and shall be implemented so as to meet the interests of the individual, the family, the society and the state". However, even in this part, the meaning of the notion ‘socially significant benefit is not specified and allows for a wide range of interpretation [2]. Yet the more inconcrete is the answer to the question – "who and how should determine the interests of the individual, the family and even the state?" The national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation, which determined the goals of teaching and upbringing, the ways to attain them by means of the state policy regulating the field of education, the target achievements of the development of the educational system for the period up to 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 #751, was abrogated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 #245 [7]. The new doctrine has not been developed so far. The RAE Academician A.B. Khutorsky believes that the absence of the national doctrine of education presents a threat to national security and a violation of the right of citizens to quality education. Accordingly, the teacher has to solve the problem of achieving the harmony of interests of the individual, the family, the society and the government on their own, which, however, judging by the officially published results, is the task that exceeds the abilities of the participants of the educational process.  The particular concern about the results of the patriotic upbringing served as a basis for the legislative initiative of the RF President V. V. Putin, who introduced the project of an amendment to the Law of RF "About Education of the Russian Federation" to the State Duma in 2020, regarding the quality of patriotic upbringing [3]. Patriotism, considered by the President of RF V. V. Putin as the only possible idea to unite the nation is "THE FEELING OF LOVE OF THE MOTHERLAND" and the readiness for every sacrifice and heroic deed for the sake of the interests of your Motherland. However, the practicing educators experience shortfalls in efficient methodologies of patriotic upbringing, which should let them bring up citizens, loving their Motherland more than themselves. The article is dedicated to solution to this problem based on the Value-sense paradigm of upbringing educational dynasty of the Kurbatovs [15].

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