scholarly journals Demand for Alcohol Consumption in Russia and Its Implication for Mortality

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Elasticity Of Demand ◽  
Alcohol Demand ◽  
Alcohol Prices

Alcohol abuse is widely blamed for the very high rate of male mortality in Russia. I estimate a structural model of the demand for alcohol that incorporates two features of alcohol consumption, peer effects and habits. I use a kink in the policy regime of the excise tax on alcohol and regional variation in alcohol regulations to estimate a price elasticity of demand for alcohol. I find that peer influence and habits are critical determinants of the response of alcohol demand to price changes. The estimates imply that increases in alcohol prices would yield significant reductions in mortality. (JEL D12, H25, I12, L66, P23, P36)

Gender and Age Differences in College Students' Alcohol Consumption

1993 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Drinking Age ◽  
Gender And Age Differences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Rate Research

Respondents (86 men and 141 women) enrolled in classes at a large university in the Midwest participated in this study, designed to examine the role gender and age play in the consumption of alcoholic beverages. The hypotheses that age and gender would produce significant effects were supported. Men reported significantly greater alcohol consumption than did women. In addition, there was a significant interaction between gender and age. Women under legal drinking age had higher rates of consumption than women of legal drinking age or older, while the opposite pattern was found for men. The long-term pattern of alcohol consumption may be different for men than for women. During the college years, women seem to moderate their consumption. Finally, these results indicate that illegal, underage drinking by men and women occurs at a high rate. Research should be designed to evaluate the extent of the problem.

scholarly journals Estonia: Problems created by border-trade for applying high-tax alcohol policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Täht ◽  
H Laarmann
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
The Government ◽  
Over Exploitation

Abstract In early 2000s, Estonia had one of the highest levels of alcohol consumption globally. In 2008, the average salary could buy 62 litres of strong spirits, compared with 28 litres in 2000; the increase of affordability was one of the highest in the EU. Since then, alcohol consumption per capita has been reduced by a third, which has also led to a reduction in related problems: mortality from alcohol-related illnesses has fallen by 40%. This was achieved with the progressive adoption of measures that rely heavily, but not exclusively, on increasing excise taxes. In 2014 a comprehensive alcohol policy document was adopted, paving the way to the measures in all 10 areas of WHO global strategy to reduce harmful use of alcohol. Since then Estonia has launched treatment programme and awareness campaigns, restricted advertising and the exposure of alcohol in the public sphere. By 2017, the over-exploitation of the tax-based measures backfired. The twofold alcohol price difference between Estonia and Latvia, resulting from doubling the excise tax for beer and raising significantly those for other alcoholic beverages, caused an unintended increase in cross-border trade between the two countries. This, in turn, caused a new wave of public discussion around pricing policies, and a loss of popular support for tax increases. As a first step to address the problem, the government halved the tax increase planned for February 2018, thus increasing beer tax by 9% and spirits tax by 5%. Tax increases scheduled for 2019 and 2020 were cancelled, and taxes on spirits, beer and cider were cut by 25% instead. This resulted in Latvia decreasing their spirits taxes by 15% in turn. This development forces health promoters to seek new ways to reduce harm to public health and win back support to healthy policy choices.

scholarly journals Price elasticity of demand for cigarettes in Bosnia and Herzegovina: microdata analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Suppl 5) ◽  
pp. s304-s309
Author(s):  
Dragan Gligorić ◽  
Anđela Pepić ◽  
Saša Petković ◽  
Jovo Ateljević ◽  
Borislav Vukojević
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Elasticity Of Demand ◽  
Price Elasticity Of Demand ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Cigarette Prices

BackgroundBosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) is among the top 10 countries in the world in terms of number of smokers. The cigarette prices in B&H are under a direct impact of state excise tax policy. The specific excise on cigarettes was introduced in B&H in 2009. Since then it has been increasing every year thus being the main driver of cigarette prices growth.MethodsIn this paper we estimate price elasticity of demand for cigarettes following Deaton demand model and apply it on microdata obtained from the Household Budget Surveys in B&H conducted in 2011 and 2015. Deaton model uses within-cluster information to estimate total expenditure elasticities and then uses between-cluster information to estimate price elasticities. For B&H, the cluster is defined as a municipality × in the year t. Our sample contains 14 252 households, divided into 267 clusters.ResultsOur results show that the price elasticity is statistically significant and amounts to −1.366. This means that if cigarette prices in B&H are increased by 10%, the demand for cigarettes would decrease by 13.66%.ConclusionsWe found a negative price elasticity of demand for cigarettes of −1.366. These results of the econometric estimate of elasticity of demand are more elastic compared with the results of similar surveys carried out on the sample of low and middle-income countries. It demonstrates that the demand for cigarettes responds strongly to the price increase.

SAT-329-Ethyl glucuronide inhair uncovers a high rate of harmful alcohol consumption in patients with presumed NAFLD

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. e784-e785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Staufer ◽  
Georg Strebinger ◽  
Ursula Huber-Schönauer ◽  
Silke Süße ◽  
Manuela Teufelhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Ethyl Glucuronide ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Harmful Alcohol

Effects of Social Interaction on Rate of Alcohol Consumption

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Burley ◽  
Colin Mac Leod ◽  
John Gemmil
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Verbal Interaction ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Group Member

The study investigated quantitative differences in verbal interaction by males, members of a social group ( ns = 4, 5, and 6), to determine if the rate of alcohol consumption varied with the amount of verbal interaction engaged in by each group member. Significant effects were found for subjects with a low over-all rate of drinking and those with a significantly high rate of talking.

Friends' drinking norms and male adolescents' alcohol consumption: The moderating role of performance-based peer influence susceptibility

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanneke A. Teunissen ◽  
Emmanuel Kuntsche ◽  
Ron H.J. Scholte ◽  
Renske Spijkerman ◽  
Mitchell J. Prinstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Moderating Role

Predictors of per Capita Alcohol Consumption and Gender-Specific Liver Cirrhosis Mortality Rates: Thirteen European Countries, Circa 1970–1984 and 1995–2007

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillips Cutright ◽  
Robert M. Fernquist
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cirrhosis Mortality ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Per Capita Alcohol Consumption

Regression models of cross-national differences in social and economic predictors of per capita alcohol consumption and gender-specific cirrhosis mortality rates are developed for 13 European countries, first using 1970–1984 (period 1) data and then replicating with 1995–2007 (period 2) data. Regression analysis finds that stronger alcohol control policy laws and income inequality are highly significant predictors of consumption in both periods. Further, results show that alcohol consumption is a significant predictor of male mortality rates in both periods, while it is significant only in the second period for female cirrhosis mortality rates. Psychological well-being is a significant predictor for male and female cirrhosis mortality rates in both periods.

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