Effect of Non-Peptide and Non-Protein Nitrogen Compounds for the Determination of Protein Content by near Infrared Spectroscopy

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Yamashita ◽  
Hitoshi Takamura ◽  
Teruyoshi Matoba
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Amide Group ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Peptide Bonds ◽  
Related Compounds

The significance of the absorption at 2170 nm due to peptide bonds for the determination of protein content by near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was evaluated by comparing it with absorptions due to other nitrogens (non-peptide nitrogens in protein and non-protein nitrogens). The amide group (asparagine and glutamine), guanido group (arginine), imidazole group (histidine) and amino group (lysine) in proteins did not exhibit absorption at 2170 nm. The absorptions of nucleic acid related compounds also were not observed at 2170 nm. These results suggest that a wavelength of 2170 nm is suitable for the accurate determination of protein content in foods.

Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopic Determination of Protein Nitrogen in Plant Tissue

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-509
Author(s):  
Robert A Isaac ◽  
William C Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Protein Nitrogen

Abstract A rapid, nondestructive method is described for the determination of protein nitrogen in plant tissue, using near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy. Procedures for instrument calibration are discussed. Comparisons between Kjeldahl nitrogen and NIR nitrogen are made for corn leaf tissue from Georgia and Indiana. Multiple correlation coefficients for other plant tissues such as peanuts, soybean, wheat, pecan, bermuda grass, and bent grass are also shown.

scholarly journals Determination of the composition of multilayer plastic packaging with NIR spectroscopy

Detritus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Xiaozheng Chen ◽  
Nils Kroell ◽  
Alexander Feil ◽  
Thomas Pretz
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Detection And Separation

In food and medical packaging, multiple layers of different polymers are combined in order to achieve optimal functional properties for various applications. Flexible multilayer plastic packaging achieves a reduction in weight compared to other packaging products with the same function, saving material and in transportation costs. Recycling of post-industrial multilayer packaging was achieved by some companies, but the available technologies are limited to specific polymer types. For post-consumer waste, recycling of multilayer packaging has not been achieved yet. One of the main challenges in plastic sorting is that the detection and separation of multilayer packaging from other materials is not possible yet. In this study, the possibility to detect and sort flexible multilayer plastic packaging was investigated with near-infrared spectroscopy, which is the state-of-the-art technology for plastic sorting. The results show that from a detection and classification point of view, sorting of monolayer, two- and three-layers samples under laboratory conditions is possible. According to the captured data, the sequence of layers has little influence on the spectra. In case of glossy samples, the spectra are influenced by printed surfaces. With an increase in thickness, the spectra get more characteristic, which makes the classification easier. Our results indicate that the sorting of post-consumer multilayer plastic packaging by main composition is theoretically achievable.

Determination of the protein content in brine from salted herring using near-infrared spectroscopy

LWT ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibeke T Svensson ◽  
Henrik Hauch Nielsen ◽  
Rasmus Bro
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared

Results for 74 substances tested for interference with determination of plasma catecholamines by "high-performance" liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Koller
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Catecholamine Metabolites ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Plasma Assay

Abstract Various catecholamine metabolites, catecholamine-related compounds, catechols, drugs, amines, and other nitrogen compounds were injected onto an HPLC system ("ClinRep Catecholamine-Plasma" assay kit with a reversed-phase C18 column) used for measuring catecholamines. None of the 74 substances tested co-eluted with any of the catecholamines--norepinephrine, epinephrine, or dopamine--or with the internal standard, 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine.

scholarly journals Determination of Cell Abundances and Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in Cultures of the Dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum by Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Lopes ◽  
Ana Amorim ◽  
Cecília Calado ◽  
Pedro Reis Costa
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Toxic Algae ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish ◽  
Gymnodinium Catenatum

Harmful algal blooms are responsible worldwide for the contamination of fishery resources, with potential impacts on seafood safety and public health. Most coastal countries rely on an intense monitoring program for the surveillance of toxic algae occurrence and shellfish contamination. The present study investigates the use of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for the rapid in situ determination of cell concentrations of toxic algae in seawater. The paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxin-producing dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum was selected for this study. The spectral modeling by partial least squares (PLS) regression based on the recorded NIR spectra enabled the building of highly accurate (R2 = 0.92) models for cell abundance. The models also provided a good correlation between toxins measured by the conventional methods (high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD)) and the levels predicted by the PLS/NIR models. This study represents the first necessary step in investigating the potential of application of NIR spectroscopy for algae bloom detection and alerting.

scholarly journals Ability of NIR spectroscopy to predict meat chemical composition and quality – a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 500-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Prevolnik ◽  
M. Čandek-Potokar ◽  
D. Škorjanc
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meat Composition ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Simultaneous Assessment

In contrast to conventional methods for the determination of meat chemical composition and quality, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) enables rapid, simple and simultaneous assessment of numerous meat properties. The present article is a review of published studies that examined the ability of NIRS to predict different meat properties. According to the published results, NIRS shows a great potential to replace the expensive and time-consuming chemical analysis of meat composition. On the other hand, NIRS is less accurate for predicting different attributes of meat quality. In view of meat quality evaluation, the use of NIRS appears more promising when categorizing meat into quality classes on the basis of meat quality traits for example discriminating between feeding regimes, discriminating fresh from frozen-thawed meat, discriminating strains, etc. The performance of NIRS to predict meat properties seems limited by the reliability of the method to which it is calibrated. Moreover, the use of NIRS may also be limited by the fact that it needs a laborious calibration for every purpose. In spite of that, NIRS is considered to be a very promising method for rapid meat evaluation.    

scholarly journals Monitoring of CO2 Absorption Solvent in Natural Gas Process Using Fourier Transform Near-Infrared Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohd Yusop Nurida ◽  
Dolmat Norfadilah ◽  
Mohd Rozaiddin Siti Aishah ◽  
Chan Zhe Phak ◽  
Syafiqa M. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Processing Unit

The analytical methods for the determination of the amine solvent properties do not provide input data for real-time process control and optimization and are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and impractical for studies of dynamic changes in a process. In this study, the potential of nondestructive determination of amine concentration, CO2 loading, and water content in CO2 absorption solvent in the gas processing unit was investigated through Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy that has the ability to readily carry out multicomponent analysis in association with multivariate analysis methods. The FT-NIR spectra for the solvent were captured and interpreted by using suitable spectra wavenumber regions through multivariate statistical techniques such as partial least square (PLS). The calibration model developed for amine determination had the highest coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9955 and RMSECV of 0.75%. CO2 calibration model achieved R2 of 0.9902 with RMSECV of 0.25% whereas the water calibration model had R2 of 0.9915 with RMSECV of 1.02%. The statistical evaluation of the validation samples also confirmed that the difference between the actual value and the predicted value from the calibration model was not significantly different and acceptable. Therefore, the amine, CO2, and water models have given a satisfactory result for the concentration determination using the FT-NIR technique. The results of this study indicated that FT-NIR spectroscopy with chemometrics and multivariate technique can be used for the CO2 solvent monitoring to replace the time-consuming and labor-intensive conventional methods.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Determination of Foodborne Microbe Contamination of Fresh-Cut Shredded Cabbage Using SW-NIR

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
Benjamaporn Matulaprungsan ◽  
Chalermchai Wongs-Aree ◽  
Pathompong Penchaiya ◽  
Phonkrit Maniwara ◽  
Sirichai Kanlayanarat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Calibration Equation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Total Bacteria

Shredded cabbage is widely used in much ready-to-eat food. Therefore, rapid methods for detecting and monitoring the contamination of foodborne microbes is essential. Short wavelength near infrared (SW-NIR) spectroscopy was applied on two types of solutions, a drained solution from the outer surface of the shredded cabbage (SC) and a ground solution of shredded cabbage (GC) which were inoculated with a mixture of two bacterial suspensions, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. NIR spectra of around 700 to 1100 nm were collected from the samples after 0, 4, and 8 h at 37 °C incubation, along with the growth of total bacteria, E. coli and S. typhimurium. The raw spectra were obtained from both sample types, clearly separated with the increase of incubation time. The first derivative, a Savitzky–Golay pretreatment, was applied on the GC spectra, while the second derivative was applied on the SC spectra before developing the calibration equation, using partial least squares regression (PLS). The obtained correlation (r) of the SC spectra was higher than the GC spectra, while the standard error of cross-validation (SECV) was lower. The ratio of prediction of deviation (RPD) of the SC spectra was higher than the GC spectra, especially in total bacteria, quite normal for the E. coli but relatively low for the S. typhimurium. The prediction results of microbial spoilage were more reliable on the SC than on the GC spectra. Total bacterial detection was best for quantitative measurement, as E. coli contamination could only be distinguished between high and low values. Conversely, S. typhimurium predictions were not optimal for either sample type. The SW-NIR shows the feasibility for detecting the existence of microbes in the solution obtained from SC, but for a more specific application for discrimination or quantitation is needed, proving further research in still required.

Direct and Indirect Determination of True Protein Content of Milk by Kjeldahl Analysis: Collaborative Study

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Barbano ◽  
Joanna M Lynch ◽  
J Richard Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nonprotein Nitrogen ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Determination ◽  
True Protein

Abstract Currently, the reference procedure for determination of the "protein" content of milk is based on measurement of the total nitrogen content of milk by the Kjeldahl method (AOAC method, 920.105). About 6% of the total nitrogen content of milk Is nonprotein nitrogen. Therefore, total nitrogen multiplied by the conversion factor 6.38 overestimates the true protein content of milk on average by about 6%. In the present study, new direct and Indirect methods were developed for measurement of the true protein content of whole milk by Kjeldahl nitrogen determination. Both new methods are sample preparation procedures used to fractionate the nitrogen-containing compounds In milk prior to measurement of the nitrogen content of these fractions by Kjeldahl analysis. The collaborative study consisted of 9 pairs of blind duplicate milk samples that were analyzed for total nitrogen, nonprotein nitrogen, and protein nitrogen by each of 10 laboratories. Both methods for true protein measurement (direct and Indirect) gave acceptable statistical performance characteristics and good agreement between methods. The new direct method requires about half the laboratory analysis work of the indirect method (i.e., total minus nonprotein nitrogen). The methods have been adopted official first action by AOAC as (1) a new method for nonprotein nitrogen determination in milk, (2) a new method (direct) for determination of protein nitrogen content of milk, and {3) an alternative method (indirect) for determination of protein nitrogen content of milk.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document