Applicability of Fourier Transform near Infrared Spectroscopy and Principal Components Analysis for Studying Elastomers after Radiochemical Ageing

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lachenal ◽  
I. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Spectral Ranges ◽  
Dose Levels

The feasibility of using near infrared spectroscopy as a sensitive technique to follow the influence of γ-irradiation upon ageing of different EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) elastomers has been evaluated. Minor differences can be observed between the spectra of non-irradiated and irradiated materials (for total integrated doses from 50 to 450 kGy using a dose rate of 1 kGy h−1 under oxygen flow). Applying a principal component analysis (PCA) in the spectral range 5500–4500 cm−1, the discrimination of polymers irradiated at different dose levels can be quickly performed and a spatial “random” separation by irradiation doses can be obtained up to 400 kGy using score plots PC1/PC2. Moreover, when spectral ranges such as 5000–4500 cm−1 or 7090–6980 cm−1 are used, scores of PC1 contain enough information for discrimination and classification by increasing irradiation doses. According to PCA analysis, the improvements brought by chemical modifications of the initial EPDM (antioxidant) seem to be inefficient as soon as the lowest irradiation doses (50 kGy) are applied. This preliminary study opens up a cost-effective opportunity for the in situ and non-destructive monitoring of polymer degradations in nuclear power plants.

scholarly journals High throughput estimates of Wolbachia, Zika and chikungunya infection in Aedes aegypti by near-infrared spectroscopy to improve arbovirus surveillance

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilha M. B. Santos ◽  
Mathijs Mutsaers ◽  
Gabriela A. Garcia ◽  
Mariana R. David ◽  
Márcio G. Pavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Full Capacity ◽  
Arbovirus Surveillance

AbstractDeployment of Wolbachia to mitigate dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) transmission is ongoing in 12 countries. One way to assess the efficacy of Wolbachia releases is to determine invasion rates within the wild population of Aedes aegypti following their release. Herein we evaluated the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in estimating the time post death, ZIKV-, CHIKV-, and Wolbachia-infection in trapped dead female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes over a period of 7 days. Regardless of the infection type, time post-death of mosquitoes was accurately predicted into four categories (fresh, 1 day old, 2–4 days old and 5–7 days old). Overall accuracies of 93.2, 97 and 90.3% were observed when NIRS was used to detect ZIKV, CHIKV and Wolbachia in dead Ae. aegypti female mosquitoes indicating NIRS could be potentially applied as a rapid and cost-effective arbovirus surveillance tool. However, field data is required to demonstrate the full capacity of NIRS for detecting these infections under field conditions.

Application of visible and near-infrared spectroscopy for evaluation of ewes milk with different feeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bahri ◽  
S. Nawar ◽  
H. Selmi ◽  
M. Amraoui ◽  
H. Rouissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Random Forest Regression ◽  
Milk Samples

Rapid measurement optical techniques have the advantage over traditional methods of being faster and non-destructive. In this work visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (vis-NIRS) was used to investigate differences between measured values of key milk properties (e.g. fat, protein and lactose) in 30 samples of ewes milk according to three feed systems; faba beans, field peas and control diet. A mobile fibre-optic vis-NIR spectrophotometer (350–2500 nm) was used to collect reflectance spectra from milk samples. Principal component analysis was used to explore differences between milk samples according to the feed supplied, and a partial least-squares regression and random forest regression were adopted to develop calibration models for the prediction of milk properties. Results of the principal component analysis showed clear separation between the three groups of milk samples according to the diet of the ewes throughout the lactation period. Milk fat, protein and lactose were predicted with good accuracy by means of partial least-squares regression (R2 = 0.70–0.83 and ratio of prediction deviation, which is the ratio of standard deviation to root mean square error of prediction = 1.85–2.44). However, the best prediction results were obtained with random forest regression models (R2 = 0.86–0.90; ratio of prediction deviation = 2.73–3.26). The adoption of the vis-NIRS coupled with multivariate modelling tools can be recommended for exploring to differences between milk samples according to different feed systems, and to predict key milk properties, based particularly on the random forest regression modelling technique.

Identification of Liquor Brands Based on near Infrared Spectroscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 935-938
Author(s):  
Lian Shun Zhang ◽  
Chao Guo ◽  
Bao Quan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Scatter Correction ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Variance Contribution

In this paper, the liquor brands were identified based on the near infrared spectroscopy method and the principal component analysis. 60 samples of 6 different brands liquor were measured by the spectrometer of USB4000. Then, in order to eliminate the noise caused by the external factors, the smoothing method and the multiplicative scatter correction method were used. After the preprocessing, we got the revised spectra of the 60 samples. The difference of the spectrum shape of different brands is not much enough to classify them. So the principal component analysis was applied for further analysis. The results showed that the first two principal components variance contribution rate had reached 99.06%, which can effectively represent the information of the spectrums after preprocessing. From the scatter plot of the two principal components, the 6 different brands of liquor were identified more accurate and easier than the spectra curves.

scholarly journals Rapid Diagnosis of HIV-1 virus by Near Infrared Spectroscopy: based on Partial least squares regression

2021 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 03067
Author(s):  
Xiaohong He ◽  
Zhihong Song ◽  
Haifei Shang ◽  
Silang Yang ◽  
Lujing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Hiv 1

Currently, the laboratory diagnostic tests available for HIV-1 viral infection are mainly based on serological testing which relies on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for blood HIV antigen detection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for HIV specific RNA sequence identification. However, these methods are expensive and time-consuming, and suffer from false positive and/or false negative results. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing a cost effective, rapid and accurate diagnostic method for HIV-1 infection. In order to reduce the barriers for effective diagnosis, a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) method was used to detect the HIV-1 virus in human serum, specifically, three absorption peaks with dose-dependent at 1582nm, 1810nm and 2363nm were found by multiple FBiPLSR test analysis for HIV-nano and HIV-EGFP, but not for MLV. Therefore, we recommend the use of 1582nm, 1810nm and 2363nm as the characteristic spectrum peak, for early screening and rapid diagnosis of serum HIV.

Near infrared spectroscopy as an alternative method for rapid determination of the solidification point of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in production

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Chongchong She ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Yunhui Hou ◽  
Lizhen Chen ◽  
Jianlong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Solidification Point ◽  
Fast Analysis ◽  
Online Application

The solidification point is a key quality parameter for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The traditional solidification point measurement method of TNT is complicated, dangerous, not environmentally friendly and time-consuming. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) analysis technology has been applied successfully in the chemical, petroleum, food, and agriculture sectors owing to its characteristics of fast analysis, no damage to the sample and online application. The purpose of this study was to study near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometric methods to develop a fast and accurate quantitative analysis method for the solidification point of TNT. The model constructed using PLS regression was successful in predicting the solidification point of TNT ([Formula: see text] = 0.999, RMSECV = 0.19, RPDCa = 33.5, [Formula: see text] = 0.19, [Formula: see text] = 0.999). Principal component analysis shows that the model could identify samples from different reactors. The results clearly demonstrate that the solidification point can be measured in a short time by NIR spectroscopy without any pretreatment for the sample and skilled laboratory personnel.

Study on Identification Method of 'Pingli' Gynostemma with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1464-1468
Author(s):  
Xiu Hua Liu ◽  
Xiao Ting Li ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Rui Ying Li ◽  
Guang Chen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Qualification Testing ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

In order to identify the authentic Pingli Gynostemma, a geographical indication products, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of Gynostemma came from eight different origins were collected by the Fourier near-infrared spectrometer. The spectroscopy was analyzed with Chemometrics method, and the spectroscopy was pretreated by the vector normalization condition. The range of spectra was 4800-10096 cm-1. The Calibration models of Gynostemma were established by the principal component analysis, qualification testing and cluster analysis, respectively, and each model was verified. The results show that the optimal model established by the principal component analysis, qualification testing and cluster analysis can effectively identify authentic Pingli Gynostemma, and accuracy rate was 100%. In conclusion, Pingli Gynostemma can be identified accurately and quickly by the near-infrared spectroscopy technique.

Determination of soil organic carbon and nitrogen at the field level using near-infrared spectroscopy

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Martin ◽  
D F Malley ◽  
G. Manning ◽  
L. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C

This study explored the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for the rapid analysis of organic C (Corg) and organic N (Norg) in the A horizon of soil within a single field. Soil was sampled throughout a field in Manitoba, Canada to capture soil variability associated with topography. The soil samples were oven-dried and treated with acid to remove carbonates, after which C and N were determined by dry combustion. In this study, portions of the dried soil samples not treated with acid were scanned with a near-infrared scanning spectrophotometer between 1100 and 2500 nm. Correlating the spectral and the chemical analytical data using multiple linear regression or principal component analysis/partial least squares regression gave useful correlations for Corg. Over the range of 0–40 mg g-1 Corg, NIR-predicted values explained 75–78% of the variance in the chemical results. Results were improved to 80% for calibrations developed for the 0–20 mg g-1 organic C range. Useful results were not obtained for Norg although the literature shows that total N in soil is predictable using NIRS. It is likely that the acid treatment altered the composition of the samples in an inconsistent manner such that the chemically analyzed samples and those scanned by NIRS were different from each other in Norg concentration or composition. Extrapolation of these Corg results to the landscape scale implies that NIRS has potential to be a suitable method for mapping C for the purposes of monitoring C sequestration. Key words: Near-infrared spectroscopy, soil, carbon, nitrogen, topography, soil monitoring

Study on Identification Method of Zherong Radix Pseudostellariae with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 4028-4031
Author(s):  
Yan Ping Pang ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Li Ya Xia ◽  
Shao Long Yu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Qualification Testing ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

In order to identify the Zherong Radix Pseudostellariae, a geographical indication products, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of came from ten different origins were collected by the Fourier near-infrared spectrometer. The spectroscopy was analyzed with Chemometrics method,and the spectroscopy was pretreated by the second derivative, first derivation and minus a straight line condition. The range of spectra was 3996.1-7282.5 cm-1. The Calibration models of Radix Pseudostellariae were established by the qualification testing, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis respectively, and each model was verified. The results show that the optimal model established by the qualification testing, principal component analysis and cluster analysis can effectively identify authentic Zherong Radix Pseudostellariae , and accuracy rate was more than 97.5%. In conclusion, Zherong Radix Pseudostellariae can be identified accurately and quickly by the near-infrared spectroscopy technique.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document