Directional Characteristics of near Infrared Light in the Process of Radiation and Transmission from Wood

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Tsuchikawa ◽  
Misato Torii ◽  
Shigeaki Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Sample Thickness ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Observation Angle ◽  
Optical Information ◽  
Directional Characteristics

In this report, a newly designed apparatus, that is, a near infrared auto-goniophotometer, was introduced to acquire detailed optical information about biological material having a cellular structure like wood. Such information allows us to analyse the three-dimensional physical condition of a sample and confirm the suitability of proposed optical models. The directional characteristics could be found on the basis of the intensity of reflected or transmitted light at each observation angle. In these experiments, Sitka spruce ( Picea sitchensis Carr.) with various thicknesses were used. Results of these measurements showed the directional characteristics which were affected significantly by the illumination conditions and sample thickness. Particularly, these varied characteristically with the wavelength of the incident light. This result supports the validity of the proposed optical models which vary with wavelength. Throughout these analyses, the relationships between the physical aspects of a sample and the emitted light from it is being clarified.

Directional Characteristics of Near Infrared Light Reflected from Wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 534-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Tsuchikawa ◽  
Misato Torii ◽  
Shigeaki Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Sample Thickness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Near Infrared Light ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Directional Characteristics

Summary A near infrared auto-goniophotometer was designed to acquire detailed information on optical characteristics of a biological material which had a cellular structure, such as wood. The reflected light, which originated from the irradiation of polarized near infrared light, was separated into an unpolarized and a polarized component by using two polarizing filters. The standardized reflected intensities of each component at various incident angles θ and observation angles η, ρup (θ, η) and ρp (θ, η), were measured. Sitka spruce samples with various thicknesses were used. The measurements showed that the directional characteristics of the unpolarized component were affected significantly by the irradiation conditions and the sample thickness. Particularly, these varied with the wavelength of incident light λ. This shows that the directional characteristics models we proposed previously are reasonable. On the other hand, matrices of the directional characteristics for polarized components typically show an elliptical shape which is strongly affected by incident angle and only slightly by λ. Based on these results, the effects of sample thickness on the spectral directional characteristics were determined.

scholarly journals Growth of quantum three-dimensional structure of InGaAs emitting at ~1 µm applicable for a broadband near-infrared light source

2017 ◽  
Vol 477 ◽  
pp. 230-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiko Ozaki ◽  
Shingo Kanehira ◽  
Yuma Hayashi ◽  
Shunsuke Ohkouchi ◽  
Naoki Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Near Infrared Light ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure

Interface coassembly of mesoporous MoS2 based-frameworks for enhanced near-infrared light driven photocatalysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (38) ◽  
pp. 6431-6434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Zhi ◽  
Haoli Zhang ◽  
Zhengyin Yang ◽  
Weisheng Liu ◽  
Baodui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Direct Arylation ◽  
Near Infrared Light ◽  
Nir Light ◽  
Hybrid Framework ◽  
First Time

The three-dimensional porous Fe3O4@Cu2−xS–MoS2 framework is reported for the first time. Such a hybrid framework exhibits excellent NIR-light photocatalytic activity and stable cycling for the direct arylation of heteroaromatics at room temperature.

Nondestructive Measurement of the Subsurface Structure of Biological Material Having Cellular Structure by Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1117-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Tsuchikawa ◽  
Kazuo Hayashi ◽  
Shigeaki Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Light Passing ◽  
Nir Light ◽  
Reflected Light

Biological materials–wood is a typical example–are widely used in a state where not only the cellular structure but also its bulky shape is retained. NIRS (near-infrared spectroscopy) may be called for as a promising technique to analyze the physical state of such materials as well as the chemical composition. In this report, the effects of physical conditions found in wood on the absorption of NIR radiation are examined. In the experiments, conifers (Sitka spruce) that had various degrees of surface roughness and different orientations of fibers to the direction of incident light were used. Results of these measurements showed that the orientation of fibers and the surface roughness of wood were directly related to the absorbance. In addition, it became clear that the behavior of diffusely reflected light in wood could be expressed by Kubelka–Munk theory and fell into three categories according to the characteristic of the absorption and scattering coefficient. On the basis of these results, a new concept for the behavior of NIR light passing through material made of hollow fibers has been proposed.

scholarly journals Development of three-dimensional physiological function imaging of biological body by transillumination imaging using near infrared light - preliminary research -

10.29007/dvzs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc An Dang Nguyen ◽  
Phuong Anh Bui ◽  
Anh Tu Tran ◽  
Trung An Dang Nguyen ◽  
Van Chinh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Animal Body ◽  
Preliminary Research

In biological tissue, there are different kinds of endogenous chromophores. Their absorption spectra in the optical range are sensitive to the physiological change of the animal body. In the near-infrared region (700-1200 nm wavelength), hemoglobin has a characteristic absorption spectrum which is dependent on its redox state. Therefore, the functional information inside the animal body could be obtained noninvasively by measuring the transmitted light. By detecting the change of the absorption characteristics of the animal body, the functional change inside the body can be detected in a two-dimensional transillumination image. In this paper, we propose preliminary research on developing a novel imaging modality of biological body parts. Using the two-dimensional images obtained in many different orientations, three-dimensional physiological function imaging of the biological body by transillumination could be expected. This paper presents a preliminary result in the experiment to show the feasibility of this technique.

scholarly journals High circular polarization of near-infrared light induced by micron-sized dust grains

2020 ◽  
Vol 496 (3) ◽  
pp. 2762-2767
Author(s):  
Hajime Fukushima ◽  
Hidenobu Yajima ◽  
Masayuki Umemura
Keyword(s):  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stokes Parameters ◽  
Young Stellar Objects ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Dusty Gas ◽  
Dust Grains ◽  
Near Infrared Light ◽  
Star Forming

ABSTRACT We explore the induction of circular polarization (CP) of near-infrared light in star-forming regions using three-dimensional radiative transfer calculations. The simulations trace the change of Stokes parameters at each scattering/absorption process in a dusty gas slab composed of aligned grains. We find that the CP degree enlarges significantly according as the size of dust grains increases and exceeds ∼20 per cent for micron-sized grains. Therefore, if micron-sized grains are dominant in a dusty gas slab, the high CP observed around luminous young stellar objects can be accounted for. The distributions of CP show the asymmetric quadrupole patterns regardless of the grain sizes. Also, we find that the CP degree depends on the relative position of a dusty gas slab. If a dusty gas slab is located behind a star-forming region, the CP reaches ∼60 per cent in the case of 1.0 µm dust grains. Hence, we suggest that the observed variety of CP maps can be explained by different size distributions of dust grains and the configuration of aligned grains.

scholarly journals Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Single Particle Tracking of Upconverting Nanoparticles in Living Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyujin Shin ◽  
Yo Song ◽  
Yeongchang Goh ◽  
Kang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Particle Tracking ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Single Particle Tracking ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Two Dimensional

Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are inorganic nanomaterials in which the lanthanide cations embedded in the host matrix can convert incident near-infrared light to visible or ultraviolet light. These particles are often used for long-term and real-time imaging because they are extremely stable even when subjected to continuous irradiation for a long time. It is now possible to image their movement at the single particle level with a scale of a few nanometers and track their trajectories as a function of time with a scale of a few microseconds. Such UCNP-based single-particle tracking (SPT) technology provides information about the intracellular structures and dynamics in living cells. Thus far, most imaging techniques have been built on fluorescence microscopic techniques (epifluorescence, total internal reflection, etc.). However, two-dimensional (2D) images obtained using these techniques are limited in only being able to visualize those on the focal planes of the objective lens. On the contrary, if three-dimensional (3D) structures and dynamics are known, deeper insights into the biology of the thick cells and tissues can be obtained. In this review, we introduce the status of the fluorescence imaging techniques, discuss the mathematical description of SPT, and outline the past few studies using UCNPs as imaging probes or biologically functionalized carriers.

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