scholarly journals Cardiovascular responses and drug evaluation using the pithed rat model

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Yoshito Zamami ◽  
Shingo Takatori ◽  
Hiromu Kawasaki
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Drug Evaluation ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Pithed Rat

scholarly journals Drug Evaluation of Concurrent Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium Complex Infections in a Rat Model

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1068-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Brun-Pascaud ◽  
Premavathy Rajagopalan-Levasseur ◽  
Françoise Chau ◽  
Guylène Bertrand ◽  
Louis Garry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Drug Evaluation ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Simultaneous Evaluation ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
Triple Infection

ABSTRACT We present a new experimental model for the simultaneous evaluation of the activities of drugs against Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium avium complex infections. Rats latently infected withP. carinii were challenged with the MO-1 strain ofM. avium and then immunosuppressed with corticosteroids for 7 weeks. At week 5 the RH strain of T. gondii was intraperitoneally injected. Organs were examined for the three pathogens after death or killing of the animals at week 7. Without treatment, rats challenged with T. gondii died with pulmonary P. carinii infection and disseminatedT. gondii and M. avium infections. In order to assess the value of the model for evaluation of the activities of drugs, we administered by oral gavage for 7 weeks drugs or combinations of drugs selected for their individual efficacies against at least one pathogen. We found that clarithromycin with sulfamethoxazole, clarithromycin with atovaquone, roxithromycin with sulfamethoxazole or dapsone, and rifabutin with atovaquone were effective against the three infections, whereas PS-15 with dapsone and trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole were active against Toxoplasma andPneumocystis infections only. This triple-infection rat model offers a new tool for the simultaneous evaluation of the activities of drugs against three of the major opportunistic infections occurring in immunosuppressed individuals.

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