scholarly journals FLOW PATTERN, PRESSURE LOSS AND LIQUID HOLDUP DATA IN GAS-LIQUID DOWNFLOW PACKED BEDS WITH FOAMING AND NONFOAMING HYDROCARBONS

1976 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
NOEL MIDOUX ◽  
MICHEL FAVIER ◽  
JEAN-CLAUDE CHARPENTIER
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Packed Beds ◽  
Liquid Holdup

Analysis of Two-Phase Tests in Large-Diameter Flow Lines in Prudhoe Bay Field

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 363-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Brill ◽  
Zelimir Schmidt ◽  
William A. Coberly ◽  
John D. Herring ◽  
David W. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Slug Flow ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Liquid Holdup ◽  
Flow Lines ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Diameter Pipe ◽  
Prudhoe Bay

Abstract A total of 29 two-phase flow tests was conducted in two 3-mile-long flow lines in the Prudhoe Bay field of Alaska. Of these, 11 were for a l2-in.-diameter line and 18 were for a 16-in. line. Nine of the tests were in slug flow, and 20 were in froth flow. Flow rates, inlet and outlet pressures, and temperatures were measured for each test. Gamma densitometers were used to monitor flow pattern and to determine mixture densities and slug characteristics. It was found that a modified Beggs-Brill1 pressure-loss correlation predicted culled data to within -1.5% on the average compared with +11.4% for a modified Dukler-Eaton2,3 correlation. Very little scatter was observed with either method. Analysis of flow-pattern observations showed that none of the slug-flow tests were in the Schmidt4 severe slug region characterized by extremely long slugs. It also was found that the slug/froth (dispersed) flow-pattern boundary existed at a much lower liquid flow rate than predicted by either Mandhane et al.5 or Taitel and Dukler.6 Four of the slug-flow tests in 16-in. lines lasted for a sufficient time to permit statistical analysis of slug-length distributions. Sixteen additional tests on 4- and 7-in.-diameter pipe reported by Brainerd and Hedquist* were analyzed statistically. It was found that slug lengths could be represented by a log-normal distribution. A regression analysis approach was successful for estimating the mean slug length for stabilized flow as a function of superficial mixture velocity and pipe diameter. The extreme percentiles of the slug-length distribution then can be computed using standard probability tables, making possible probability statements about expected maximum slug length. A mechanistic analysis of the slug-flow tests resulted in equations for predicting slug velocities, liquid holdup in both the liquid slug and the gas bubble, and the volumes of liquid that are produced and overrun. These parameters are important for predicting liquid-slug effects on separator performance. Introduction The simultaneous flow of gas and liquid in pipes is encountered frequently in the petroleum industry. production of oil with associated gas has led to numerous attempts to predict pressure loss in tubing and flow lines. An abundance of empirical correlations has been developed for predicting two-phase steady-state pressure losses and liquid holdup. All of these correlations were based on data in small-diameter pipe. The recent increase in exploration and production activity in hostile environments such as the North Slope of Alaska and several offshore areas has resulted in decisions to transport gas and liquid simultaneously in large-diameter flow lines over relatively long distances. Design of large-diameter flow lines has required use of empirical correlations based on small-diameter pipe. In general, pressure-loss predictions from this approach have been acceptable, but prediction of liquid volumes in the pipe has been poor.

scholarly journals Optimization and Extended Applicability of Simplified Slug Flow Model for Liquid-Gas Flow in Horizontal and Near Horizontal Pipes

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Tea-Woo Kim ◽  
Nam-Sub Woo ◽  
Sang-Mok Han ◽  
Young-Ju Kim
Keyword(s):  
Slug Flow ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Liquid Holdup ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Horizontal Pipes ◽  
Image Velocimetry

The accurate prediction of pressure loss for two-phase slug flow in pipes with a simple and powerful methodology has been desired. The calculation of pressure loss has generally been performed by complicated mechanistic models, most of which require the iteration of many variables. The objective of this study is to optimize the previously proposed simplified slug flow model for horizontal pipes, extending the applicability to turbulent flow conditions, i.e., high mixture Reynolds number and near horizontal pipes. The velocity field previously measured by particle image velocimetry further supports the suggested slug flow model which neglects the pressure loss in the liquid film region. A suitable prediction of slug characteristics such as slug liquid holdup and translational velocity (or flow coefficient) is required to advance the accuracy of calculated pressure loss. Therefore, the proper correlations of slug liquid holdup, flow coefficient, and friction factor are identified and utilized to calculate the pressure gradient for horizontal and near horizontal pipes. The optimized model presents a fair agreement with 2191 existing experimental data (0.001 ≤ μL ≤ 0.995 Pa∙s, 7 ≤ ReM ≤ 227,007 and −9 ≤ θ ≤ 9), showing −3% and 0.991 as values of the average relative error and the coefficient of determination, respectively.

Effects of flow speed, flow pattern and air bubbles on pressure loss in slurry pipelines

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Wang Xinli ◽  
J. Y. Hwang ◽  
R. C. Greenlund ◽  
Xiaodi Huang ◽  
A. M. Hein
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Air Bubbles ◽  
Speed Flow

scholarly journals Properties of Gas and Liquid Two Phase Swirling Flow in a Vertical Long Tube. 1st Report, Flow Pattern and Properties of Pressure Loss.

1994 ◽  
Vol 60 (578) ◽  
pp. 3345-3351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhisa Wakasugi ◽  
Tomohisa Nakanishi ◽  
Shinji Sakai ◽  
Kazunori Wakai ◽  
Isao Sumida
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Swirling Flow ◽  
Two Phase

An experimental investigation of the oil film distribution in an oil–gas cyclone separator

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingzi Wang ◽  
Jianmei Feng ◽  
Shijing Xu ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Xueyuan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Film Flow ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Cylinder Wall ◽  
Cyclone Separator ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Oil Gas

The film flow behavior in an oil–gas cyclone separator was experimentally studied to improve the separation efficiency in terms of the effect of the oil film on the cylinder wall. The oil film flow pattern was captured using a high-speed camera, and the cylinder wall was divided into seven regions to analyze according to the different oil film flow patterns. Along the cyclone cylinder height, the central part of the cylinder was the main flow area, in which droplet–wall collisions and oil film splashing were severe. Additionally, the oil film’s distribution characteristics under inlet velocities of 14.0, 16.0, and 18.0 m/s were compared, and the results showed that more splashing oil droplets were generated under higher inlet velocity. Moreover, changing the structure of the central channel and outer cylinder slightly changed the oil film’s area and flow pattern but exhibited a weak effect on the oil film thickness and re-entrainment. Then, an improved structure was proposed by adding a porous cylinder to the outer cyclone to avoid the generation of small splashing droplets from the oil film. The performance of the modified separator was measured in a real oil-injected compressor system, which demonstrated higher separation efficiency with no increase in static pressure loss. The separation efficiency increased by up to 2.7%, while the pressure loss decreased by up to 10%. Thus, the improved structure can improve the performance of oil–gas separators by changing the distribution and thickness of the oil film on the cylinder wall.

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