Comparative Analysis between Biomass and Topographic Features in an Arid Land, Western Australia

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukuo Abe ◽  
Masahiko Taniguchi ◽  
Hideki Suganuma ◽  
Masahiro Saito ◽  
Toshinori Kojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Arid Land ◽  
Topographic Features

scholarly journals Behavior of Nutrions in Sap of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in Arid Land of Western Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshinori KOJIMA ◽  
Noriko SAITO ◽  
Yoshiko TANAKA ◽  
Hiroyuki HAMANO ◽  
Shigeru KATO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Arid Land

scholarly journals Extensive Genetic Connectivity and Historical Persistence Are Features of Two Widespread Tree Species in the Ancient Pilbara Region of Western Australia

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 863
Author(s):  
Heidi M. Nistelberger ◽  
Rachel M. Binks ◽  
Stephen van Leeuwen ◽  
David J. Coates ◽  
Shelley L. McArthur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genetic Connectivity ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Cyclonic Activity ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
History Of

Phylogeographic studies can be used as a tool to understand the evolutionary history of a landscape, including the major drivers of species distributions and diversity. Extensive research has been conducted on phylogeographic patterns of species found in northern hemisphere landscapes that were affected by glaciations, yet the body of literature for older, unaffected landscapes is still underrepresented. The Pilbara region of north-western Australia is an ancient and vast landscape that is topographically complex, consisting of plateaus, gorges, valleys, and ranges, and experiences extreme meteorological phenomena including seasonal cyclonic activity. These features are expected to influence patterns of genetic structuring throughout the landscape either by promoting or restricting the movement of pollen and seed. Whilst a growing body of literature exists for the fauna endemic to this region, less is known about the forces shaping the evolution of plant taxa. In this study we investigate the phylogeography of two iconic Pilbara tree species, the Hamersley Bloodwood (Corymbia hamersleyana) and Western Gidgee (Acacia pruinocarpa), by assessing patterns of variation and structure in several chloroplast DNA regions and nuclear microsatellite loci developed for each species. Gene flow was found to be extensive in both taxa and there was evidence of long-distance seed dispersal across the region (pollen to seed ratios of 6.67 and 2.96 for C. hamersleyana and A. pruinocarpa, respectively), which may result from flooding and strong wind gusts associated with extreme cyclonic activity. Both species possessed high levels of cpDNA genetic diversity in comparison to those from formerly glaciated landscapes (C. hamersleyana = 14 haplotypes, A. pruinocarpa = 37 haplotypes) and showed evidence of deep lineage diversification occurring from the late Miocene, a time of intensifying aridity in this landscape that appears to be a critical driver of evolution in Pilbara taxa. In contrast to another study, we did not find evidence for topographic features acting as refugia for the widely sampled C. hamersleyana.

Estimation of water requirement per unit carbon fixed byEucalyptus camaldulensis in semi-arid land of Western Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (S1) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kojima ◽  
Y. Tanaka ◽  
S. Katoh ◽  
K. Tahara ◽  
N. Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Arid Land ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Blinded by the White: A Comparative Analysis of Jury Challenges on Racial Grounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalia Anthony ◽  
Craig Longman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jury Selection ◽  
Criminal Trials ◽  
White Racism ◽  
White Defendants

Indigenous peoples in Australia, the United States and Canada are significantly overrepresented as defendants in criminal trials and yet vastly underrepresented on juries in criminal trials. This means that all-white juries mostly determine the guilt of Indigenous defendants or white defendants responsible for harming Indigenous victims. In this article, we explore cases in which Indigenous defendants have perceived that an all-white jury’s prejudice against Indigenous people would prevent them receiving a fair trial. It focuses on Indigenous defendants (often facing charges in relation to protesting against white racism) challenging the array of all-white juries. Across these cases, Australian courts rely on formal notions of fairness in jury selection to dismiss the Indigenous defendant’s perception of bias and foreclose an inquiry into the potential prejudices of white jurors. We compare the Australian judicial ‘colour-blindness’ towards all-white juries with that of the United States and Canada. We argue that the tendency for courts in the United States and Canada to question jurors on their biases provides useful lessons for Australian judiciaries, including in relation to the impending trials of Indigenous defendants in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, accused of committing crimes in response to white racist violence. Nonetheless, across all jurisdictions where there is a challenge to the array based on racial composition, courts consistently uphold all-white juries. We suggest that the judicial view of the racial neutrality of white jury selection misapprehends the substantive biases in jury selection and the injustice perceived by defendants in having a white jury adjudicate an alleged crime that is committed in circumstances involving protest against white prejudice.

Development of a Runoff Model for Arid Land Afforestation in Western Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-538
Author(s):  
Toshinori Kojima ◽  
Suguru Koyanagi ◽  
Hironori Tabuchi ◽  
Hideki Suganuma ◽  
Katunori Kurosawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Arid Land ◽  
Runoff Model
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