scholarly journals The distribution and dissociation equilibria of phase-transfer catalyst tricaprylmethylammonium chloride and its aqueous-phase mass transfer.

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Asai ◽  
Hidemi Nakamura ◽  
Yousuke Furuichi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalyst

Nanoscale Hollow-Bubbly Polypyrrole Obtained via Interfacial Polymerization with Phase Transfer Catalyst

2014 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
Deng Pan Dong ◽  
Qing Hao Yang ◽  
Lin Tao Yang ◽  
Zhen Zhong Hou ◽  
Zhong Yi Tu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalyst ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Defect Control ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Crown ether 18C6 was used as a phase transfer catalyst (PTC) for the interfacial polymerization of polypyrrole (PPy). Usually, in interfacial reacting system, oxidant FeCl3was dissolved in deionized water to form aqueous phase, while pyrrole was dissolved in chloroform to form organic phase. The 18C6 PTC can efficiently form complexes with Fe (III) and transfer Fe (III) from aqueous phase into organic phase, resulting in nanoscale hollow-bubbly PPy with better electronic properties. UV-vis was used to confirm the phase transfer ability of composed Fe (III). Cyclic Voltammograms (CVs) were used to characterize capacitance property of PPy. Fourier Transition Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) were carried out to investigate the microstructure of PPy. Finally, defect control migration growth mechanism of PPy during the polymerization has been carefully discussed.

Multiphase models for simulating hot and slightly miscible DNAPL (dense non-aqueous phase fluids) in a saturated rock fracture under deformation

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shibani Jha ◽  
M. S. Mohan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Rock Fracture ◽  
External Stress ◽  
Multiphase System ◽  
Rough Fracture ◽  
Interphase Mass Transfer ◽  
Joint Deformation

In the present study a two dimensional model is first developed to show the behaviour of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) within a rough fracture. To consider the rough fracture, the fracture is imposed with variable apertures along its plane. It is found that DNAPL follows preferential pathways. In next part of the study the above model is further extended for non-isothermal DNAPL flow and DNAPL-water interphase mass transfer phenomenon. These two models are then coupled with joint deformation due to normal stresses. The primary focus of these models is specifically to elucidate the influence of joint alteration due to external stress and fluid pressures on flow driven energy transport and interphase mass transfer. For this, it is assumed that the critical value for joint alteration is associated with external stress and average of water and DNAPL pressures in multiphase system and the temporal and spatial evolution of joint alteration are determined for its further influence on energy transport and miscible phase transfer. The developed model has been studied to show the influence of deformation on DNAPL flow. Further this preliminary study demonstrates the influence of joint deformation on heat transport and phase miscibility via multiphase flow velocities. It is seen that the temperature profile changes and shows higher diffusivity due to deformation and although the interphase miscibility value decreases but the lateral dispersion increases to a considerably higher extent.

β-cyclodextrin grafted on lignin as inverse phase transfer catalyst for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol in H2O

Tetrahedron ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (14) ◽  
pp. 1773-1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zujin Yang ◽  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Xingdong Yao ◽  
Yanxiong Fang ◽  
Hongyan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalyst ◽  
Oxidation Of Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Inverse Phase Transfer Catalyst

Microwave Energy Pretreated In Situ Transesterification of Jatropha Curcas L in the Presence of Phase Transfer Catalyst

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sintayehu Mekuria Hailegiorgis ◽  
Mahadzir Shuhaimi ◽  
Duvvuri Subbarao
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalyst ◽  
In Situ Transesterification ◽  
Heat Pretreatment ◽  
Seed Particles ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Microwave Heat

In the present work, microwave heat pretreatment of jatropha curcas seed particles and use of phase transfer catalyst (PTC) to enhance in-situ transesterification were utilized together. It was observed that use of alkaline BTMAOH as a PTC and microwave heat pretreatment of jatropha curcas seed particles had substantially increased the reaction rate of in-situ transesterification as compared to the reaction conducted with microwave untreated seeds in the absence of BTMAOH as a PTC. Statistical model equation was developed to investigate the interaction effect of reaction variables and establish optimum reaction condition. At optimum condition, experimentally obtained FAME yield (93.7±1.53% w/w) was in close agreement with statistical model predicted FAME yield (96.75%) at 38°C and 37 minutes of reaction time.

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