scholarly journals Linear microphone array for acoustic impulse response measurements using reciprocal method: Effects of microphone holder

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 344-349
Author(s):  
Mao Terashima ◽  
Daisuke Morikawa ◽  
Parham Mokhtari ◽  
Tatsuya Hirahara
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Response ◽  
Microphone Array ◽  
Method Effects ◽  
Reciprocal Method

3D Impulse Response Measurements of Spaces Using an Inexpensive Microphone Array

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Protheroe ◽  
Bernard Guillemin
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Response ◽  
Microphone Array

Influence of Different Impulse Response Measurement Signals on MUSIC-Based Sound Source Localization

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Suzuki ◽  
◽  
Hiroaki Otsuka ◽  
Wataru Akahori ◽  
Yoshiaki Bando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Response ◽  
Source Localization ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Microphone Array ◽  
Sound Source Localization ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Response Measurement ◽  
Significant Difference

[abstFig src='/00290001/07.jpg' width='300' text='Six impulse response measurement signals' ] Two major functions, sound source localization and sound source separation, provided by robot audition open source software HARK exploit the acoustic transfer functions of a microphone array to improve the performance. The acoustic transfer functions are calculated from the measured acoustic impulse response. In the measurement, special signals such as Time Stretched Pulse (TSP) are used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement signals. Recent studies have identified the importance of selecting a measurement signal according to the applications. In this paper, we investigate how six measurement signals – up-TSP, down-TSP, M-Series, Log-SS, NW-SS, and MN-SS – influence the performance of the MUSIC-based sound source localization provided by HARK. Experiments with simulated sounds, up to three simultaneous sound sources, demonstrate no significant difference among the six measurement signals in the MUSIC-based sound source localization.

Impulse response of a spherical microphone array (eigenmike)

2006 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 3378-3378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Barnhill ◽  
James West ◽  
Ilene Busch‐Vishniac
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Response ◽  
Microphone Array

Question Wording Effects in the Assessment of Global Self-Esteem

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Dunbar ◽  
Graeme Ford ◽  
Kate Hunt ◽  
Geoff Der
Keyword(s):  
Reading Ability ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Reading Scores ◽  
Poor Reading ◽  
Method Effect ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Positive Item ◽  
Method Effects ◽  
Best Fit

Summary: Marsh (1996) produced evidence that method effects associated with negatively worded items might be responsible for the results of earlier factor analytic studies that reported finding positive and negative self-esteem factors in the Rosenberg Global self-esteem scale ( Rosenberg, 1965 ). He analyzed data collected from children using a 7-item self-esteem measure. This report details attempts to replicate Marsh 's analysis in data collected from two samples of adults who completed the full 10-item Global Self-Esteem (GSE) scale. The results reported here are similar to those given by Marsh in so much as a correlated uniquenesses model produced a superior fit to the data than the simple one factor model (without correlated uniquenesses) or the often reported two factor (positive and negative self-esteem) model. However, whilst Marsh reported that the best fit was produced by allowing negative item uniquenesses to correlate with each other, the model that produced the best fit to these data was one that contained correlated positive item uniquenesses. Supporting his claim that differential responding to negative and positive self-esteem items reflects a method effect associated with reading ability, Marsh also showed that factors associated with negative and positive items were most distinct among children who had poor reading scores. We report a similar effect among a sample of older adults where the correlation between these factors was compared across two groups who were selected according to their scores on a test of verbal reasoning.

Mindfulness or Mindlessness?

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkmar Höfling ◽  
Helfried Moosbrugger ◽  
Karin Schermelleh-Engel ◽  
Thomas Heidenreich
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Mindful Attention ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Wording ◽  
Method Effects

The 15 items of the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003 ) are negatively worded and assumed to assess mindfulness. However, there are indications of differences between the original MAAS and a version with the positively rephrased MAAS items (“mirror items”). The present study examines whether the mindfulness facet “mindful attention and awareness” (MAA) can be measured with both positively and negatively worded items if we take method effects due to item wording into account. To this end, the 15 negatively worded items of the MAAS and additionally 13 positively rephrased items were assessed (N = 602). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) models with and without regard to method effects were carried out and evaluated by means of model fit. As a result, the positively and negatively worded items should be seen as different methods that influence the construct validity of mindfulness. Furthermore, a modified version of the MAAS (MAAS-Short) with five negatively worded items (taken from the MAAS) and five positively worded items (“mirror items”) was introduced as an alternative to assess MAA. The MAAS-Short appears superior to the original MAAS. The results and the limitations of the present study are discussed.

The Beck Hopelessness Scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Szabó ◽  
Veronika Mészáros ◽  
Judit Sallay ◽  
Gyöngyi Ajtay ◽  
Viktor Boross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Data ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Beck Hopelessness Scale ◽  
Method Effects ◽  
Hungarian Population ◽  
Components Analysis

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to examine the construct and cross-cultural validity of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS; Beck, Weissman, Lester, & Trexler, 1974 ). Beck et al. applied exploratory Principal Components Analysis and argued that the scale measured three specific components (affective, motivational, and cognitive). Subsequent studies identified one, two, three, or more factors, highlighting a lack of clarity regarding the scale’s construct validity. In a large clinical sample, we tested the original three-factor model and explored alternative models using both confirmatory and exploratory factor analytical techniques appropriate for analyzing binary data. In doing so, we investigated whether method variance needs to be taken into account in understanding the structure of the BHS. Our findings supported a bifactor model that explicitly included method effects. We concluded that the BHS measures a single underlying construct of hopelessness, and that an incorporation of method effects consolidates previous findings where positively and negatively worded items loaded on separate factors. Our study further contributes to establishing the cross-cultural validity of this instrument by showing that BHS scores differentiate between depressed, anxious, and nonclinical groups in a Hungarian population.

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