scholarly journals How large is the individual difference in hearing sensitivity?: Establishment of ISO 28961 on the statistical distribution of hearing thresholds of otologically normal young persons

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Kenji Kurakata ◽  
Tazu Mizunami ◽  
Kazuma Matsushita
Keyword(s):  
Individual Difference ◽  
Statistical Distribution ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
The Individual

scholarly journals German Adaptation of the Subjective Vitality Scales (SVS-G)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75
Author(s):  
Alex Bertrams ◽  
Thomas H. Dyllick ◽  
Chris Englert ◽  
Ann Krispenz
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
State Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Subjective Vitality ◽  
Positive Feeling ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Correlated Factors

AbstractSubjective vitality is a positive feeling of aliveness and energy, and it is a crucial aspect of well-being. The Subjective Vitality Scales (SVS) have been developed to measure subjective vitality both at the individual difference level and the state level in English-speaking samples. We translated the SVS into German (the SVS-G) and examined their psychometric properties. In Study 1 (N=260), we found that two correlated factors (Factor 1: individual difference level; Factor 2: state level) with five items each constituted a useful structure for the SVS-G. Moreover, the scores on the individual difference scale were more stable than the scores on the state scale. We also found partial evidence for the measurement invariance over a period of three weeks. Conforming to our expectations, Study 2 (N=296) revealed that the SVS-G scores were related to positive and negative affect but could still be distinguished from the affect variables. In line with previous findings, Study 3 (N=203) showed that SVS-G scores are related to well-being variables (happiness and joviality) and the perceived capacity to actively perform effortful tasks (attentiveness and capacity for self-control). Across all the studies, the SVS-G showed satisfying inner consistency, and the two consideration levels (individual differences vs. state) could be differentiated. The initial evidence suggests that overall, the SVS-G have good psychometric properties.

Individual Difference Variables, Ethical Judgments, and Ethical Behavioral Intentions

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Bass ◽  
Tim Barnett ◽  
Gene Brown
Keyword(s):  
Individual Difference ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Just World ◽  
Ethical Judgments ◽  
Individual Difference Variables ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ethical Behavioral Intentions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract:This study examined the relationship between the individual difference variables of personal moral philosophy, locus of control, Machiavellianism, and just world beliefs and ethical judgments and behavioral intentions. A sample of 602 marketing practitioners participated in the study. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypothesized relationships. The results either fully or partially supported hypothesized direct effects for idealism, relativism, and Machiavellianism. Findings also suggested that Machiavellianism mediated the relationship between individual difference variables and ethical judgments/behavioral intentions.

scholarly journals A Study of Educational Achievement of Standard XI Students in Context of their Learning Style in Reference to Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay B. Raval
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Learning Style Inventory ◽  
Kinesthetic Learning ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

In the Era of Change, teacher should consider the individual differences while teaching in the classroom. In fact teacher must keep in mind the individual differences for teaching. Students have so many talent, we as a teacher must have that angel of view of identifying it. This individual difference can be divided in dimension of Learning Style, too. Researcher was giving service in High School as a teacher, he observe such an Individual difference in context to learning style in class room. Is there any relationship between Educational Achievement and Learning Style? Is there any effect of Learning Style on Educational Achievement in reference to Area? To find the answer of this question present study was conducted. Population & Sample: Population for present study was students studying in Standard-XI of Gujarati Medium School of Gandhinagar District. The selection of schools was by Stratified Randomization Technique and selection of students was selected by Cluster Method. In last, the Sample size was 607. Method: Survey Method was used for Data Collection. Tool: Self constructed Learning Style Inventory (L.S.I.) was used for Data Collection. Learning Style Inventory (L.S.I.) was three Point Likert type Scale. Findings: 1) There was no significance different in educational achievement among students having Visual Learning Style, Auditorial Learning Style and Kinesthetic Learning Style. 2) In matter of educational achievement, students of Rural are superior to students of Urban among students having Visual Learning Style. 3) In matter of educational achievement, students of Rural are superior to students of Urban among students having Auditorial Learning Style. 4) In matter of educational achievement, students of Urban are superior to students of Rural among students having Kinesthetic Learning Style.

scholarly journals Self-reported hearing status and audiometric thresholds among college students using headphones

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Yash Shrimal ◽  
Aparna Nandurkar
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
College Going ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Hearing Difficulty ◽  
Listening Habits ◽  
Insert Earphones

Purpose: The study aims to investigate headphone listening habits of college-going students and for those using headphones, correlate self-reported hearing status with average audiometric hearing thresholds. Method: Headphone listening habits and awareness of adverse effects of the same was profiled in college-going students using a questionnaire distributed through online platform. Hearing thresholds were then compared for those with and without self-report of hearing difficulty. 341 responses were obtained from students between 17 and 23 years of age. For the second part of the study, a convenience sample of 30 willing students from among these 341 was selected. Pure tone thresholds were obtained for various frequencies with a high frequency audiometer. PTA (average of 500, 1000, 2000 Hz) and HFPTA (average of 4000, 6000, 8000, 10000 Hz) were calculated for both the ears and compared for those with and without reported hearing difficulty. Results: 78% students reported headphone usage for less than 3 hours per day, while 22% reported usage for more than 3 hours per day. 77% respondents were aware that listening to loud sounds can alter hearing sensitivity, but many (54.83%) did not have awareness about the minimum safe hours of listening. There was a weak positive correlation between self-reported hearing difficulty and poor ear HFPTA (r = 0.2304). Conclusion: Majority of students used insert earphones even after knowing the adverse effect of the same. There was a weak correlation found between the self-reported hearing problems and audiometric hearing thresholds. Implication: More awareness is needed about the ill effects of headphone usage amongst the young teenage population. Proper counseling and management strategies are required for people who report difficulty in hearing.

A novel lattice hydrodynamic model accounting for individual difference of honk effect for two-lane highway under V2X environment

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Li ◽  
Guanghan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Mkdv Equation ◽  
Traffic Modeling ◽  
Lattice Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Honk Effect

In this work, the individual difference of the honk effect is explored on two lanes via traffic modeling of the lattice model under Vehicle to X (V2X) environment. We study the impact of individual difference corresponding to honk cases on traffic stability through linear stability analysis for a two-lane highway. Furthermore, the mKdV equation under the lane changing phenomena is conducted via nonlinear analysis. Simulation cases for the early time and longtime impact reveal that individual difference of driving characteristics has a distinct impact on two lanes under the whistling environment.

Adaptive Reconfiguration of Intrinsic Community Structure in Children with 5-Year Abacus Training

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Chunjie Wang ◽  
Yuzhao Yao ◽  
Changsong Zhou ◽  
Feiyan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Modular Organization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Math Ability ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT Human learning can be understood as a network phenomenon, underpinned by the adaptive reconfiguration of modular organization. However, the plasticity of community structure (CS) in resting-state network induced by cognitive intervention has never been investigated. Here, we explored the individual difference of intrinsic CS between children with 5-year abacus-based mental calculation (AMC) training (35 subjects) and their peers without prior experience in AMC (31 subjects). Using permutation-based analysis between subjects in the two groups, we found the significant alteration of intrinsic CS, with training-attenuated individual difference. The alteration of CS focused on selective subsets of cortical regions (“core areas”), predominantly affiliated to the visual, somatomotor, and default-mode subsystems. These subsystems exhibited training-promoted cohesion with attenuated interaction between them, from the perspective of individuals’ CS. Moreover, the cohesion of visual network could predict training-improved math ability in the AMC group, but not in the control group. Finally, the whole network displayed enhanced segregation in the AMC group, including higher modularity index, more provincial hubs, lower participation coefficient, and fewer between-module links, largely due to the segregation of “core areas.” Collectively, our findings suggested that the intrinsic CS could get reconfigured toward more localized processing and segregated architecture after long-term cognitive training.

Individual differences in negotiation: A relational process model

2020 ◽  
pp. 204138662096255
Author(s):  
Hillary Anger Elfenbein
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Dynamics ◽  
Negotiation Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relational Process

Intuition suggests that individual differences should play an important role in negotiation performance, and yet empirical results have been relatively weak. Because negotiations are inherently dyadic, the dyad needs to feature prominently in theorizing. In expanding the traditional treatment of individual differences to two systematically interconnected parties, a relational process model (RPM) emerges. The RPM illustrates how the individual differences of both negotiators spark complex behavioral dynamics through five distinct theoretical mechanisms. Individuals (a) select each other, (b) set expectancies for each other, (c) serve as behavioral triggers and affordances for each other, (d) reciprocate and complement each other’s behaviors, and (e) vary in their responses to identical behaviors. It also directs attention to new classes and dimensions of individual difference factors. The RPM helps explain why past research has been highly conservative. A more complete picture needs to incorporate the complex interplay starting with parties’ individual differences.

Why Switch? Product Category–Level Explanations for True Variety-Seeking Behavior

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans C. M. Van Trijp ◽  
Wayne D. Hoyer ◽  
J. Jeffrey Inman
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Switching Behavior ◽  
Variety Seeking ◽  
Brand Switching ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Individual

The authors address two key issues that have received inadequate attention in the choice behavior literature on variety seeking. First, they explicitly separate true variety-seeking behavior (i.e., intrinsically motivated) from derived varied behavior (i.e., extrinsically motivated). Second, they hypothesize variety-seeking behavior to be a function of the individual difference characteristic of need for variety and product category–level characteristics that interact to determine the situations in which variety seeking is more likely to occur relative to repeat purchasing and derived varied behavior. The authors test their hypotheses in a field study of Dutch consumers, which assesses both the intensity of brand switching and the underlying motives for their switching behavior. Results support the importance of isolating variety switches from derived switches and of considering product category–level factors as an explanation for the occurrence of variety-seeking behavior.

A Study of Noise Exposure and Hearing Sensitivity in a High School Woodworking Class

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Lankford ◽  
Denise M. West
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Class ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Technical Drawing

The purpose of this study was to determine if noise in a high school woodworking class could contribute to the incidence of hearing loss. Students in the woodworking class served as the experimental group, and students in a technical drawing class were the control group. Four separate experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 consisted of measuring and comparing the sound levels in the woodworking and the technical drawing class environments. In Experiment 2, dosimetry samples of the students in both classrooms were collected. In Experiment 3, the temporary threshold shifts (TTSs) were determined for students in both groups by assessing hearing thresholds at the beginning and end of a single class period. The focus of Experiment 4 was to determine if a threshold shift had occurred in the hearing of the students in the woodworking class over a semester. Results of this study suggest that hazardous noise levels in the high school woodworking shop caused statistically significant TTS among the students. Relatively low noise doses were recorded, but no significant changes in hearing thresholds from the beginning to the end of the semester were noted. It was concluded that repeated noise exposure in a woodworking class may be a contributing factor to hearing loss among a student population and that a hearing conservation program should be instituted in these high school environments.

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