scholarly journals Oral Administration of Dimethylarsinic Acid, a Main Metabolite of Inorganic Arsenic, in Mice Promotes Skin Tumorigenesis Initiated by Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene with or without Ultraviolet B as a Promoter.

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 510-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenzo YAMANAKA ◽  
Mutsumi MIZOI ◽  
Koichi KATO ◽  
Akira HASEGAWA ◽  
Masayuki NAKANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
Main Metabolite ◽  
Skin Tumorigenesis

Oral Administration of Lactobacillus plantarum HY7714 Protects Hairless Mouse Against Ultraviolet B-Induced Photoaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1583-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Mee Kim ◽  
Dong Eun Lee ◽  
Soo Dong Park ◽  
Yong-Tae Kim ◽  
Yu Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Hairless Mouse ◽  
Ultraviolet B

Determination and Speciation of Arsenic in Human Urine by Ion-Exchange Chromatography/Flow Injection Analysis with Hydride Generation/Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Jimenez de Blas ◽  
S Vicente Gonzalez ◽  
R Seisdedos Rodriguez ◽  
J Hernandez Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flow Injection ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
Total Arsenic

Abstract A flow injection–hydride generation/atomic absorption spectroscopic method for the measurement of total urinary arsenic and for the selective determination of inorganic arsenic, monomethylarsonic acid (MMAA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) was developed. Destruction of the organic matrix is necessary to measure total arsenic content of urine samples. Digestion of this matrix with HNO3–H2SO4–H2O2 is described. The separation of inorganic, monomethylated, and dimethylated arsenic compounds in urine was performed with ion-exchange chromatography on AG 50 W-X8 resin. Detection limits of 2 ppb for each arsenic form and of 3 ppb for total arsenic in urine analyzed after mineralization were found. Recoveries in triplicate urine samples spiked with 10 ppb inorganic arsenic, 20 ppb MMAA, and 40 ppb DMAA were 93, 91, and 85%, respectively. The precision (relative standard deviation) of the method obtained in 10 replicate analyses of urine samples spiked with arsenic metabolites varied from 3.2 to 4.6%. This method is applicable to urine samples in studies relating to arsenic exposure and its monitoring.

scholarly journals Oral Intake of Collagen Peptide Attenuates Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Skin Dehydration In Vivo by Regulating Hyaluronic Acid Synthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Kang ◽  
Silvia Yumnam ◽  
Sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Skin Hydration ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Uvb Irradiation ◽  
Collagen Peptide

Collagen peptide (CP) has beneficial effects on functions of the skin, such as skin barrier function and skin elasticity, in vivo. However, there are few studies investigating the mechanism underlying the potential effects of CP in skin epidermal moisturization after ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation. In this study, we examined whether orally-administered CP affects the loss of skin hydration induced by UVB irradiation in hairless mice. SKH-1 hairless mice were orally administered CP at two doses (500 and 1000 mg/kg) for nine weeks, and the dorsal skin was exposed to UVB. The potential effects of CP were evaluated by measuring the transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, wrinkle formation, and hyaluronic acid expression in the dorsal mice skin. We found that oral administration of CP increased skin hydration and decreased wrinkle formation compared to the UVB-irradiated group. Treatment of CP increased the mRNA and protein expression of hyaluronic acid synthases (HAS-1 and -2) concomitant with an increased hyaluronic acid production in skin tissue. The expression of hyaluronidase (HYAL-1 and 2) mRNA was downregulated in the CP-treated group. In addition, the protein expression of skin-hydrating factors, filaggrin and involucrin, was upregulated via oral administration of CP. In summary, these results show that oral administration of CP increases hyaluronic acid levels, which decreases during UVB photoaging. Therefore, we suggest that CP can be used as a nutricosmetic ingredient with potential effects on UVB-induced skin dehydration and moisture loss in addition to wrinkle formation.

scholarly journals Global Sourcing of Low-Inorganic Arsenic Rice Grain

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manus Carey ◽  
Caroline Meharg ◽  
Paul Williams ◽  
Ernest Marwa ◽  
Xiao Jiujin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Arsenic Speciation ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
South American ◽  
Global Sourcing ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Eastern Hemisphere

AbstractArsenic in rice grain is dominated by two species: the carcinogen inorganic arsenic (the sum of arsenate and arsenite) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). Rice is the dominant source of inorganic arsenic into the human diet. As such, there is a need to identify sources of low-inorganic arsenic rice globally. Here we surveyed polished (white) rice across representative regions of rice production globally for arsenic speciation. In total 1180 samples were analysed from 29 distinct sampling zones, across 6 continents. For inorganic arsenic the global $$\tilde{x}$$ x ~ was 66 μg/kg, and for DMA this figure was 21 μg/kg. DMA was more variable, ranging from < 2 to 690 μg/kg, while inorganic arsenic ranged from < 2 to 399 μg/kg. It was found that inorganic arsenic dominated when grain sum of species was < 100 μg/kg, with DMA dominating at higher concentrations. There was considerable regional variance in grain arsenic speciation, particularly in DMA where temperate production regions had higher concentrations. Inorganic arsenic concentrations were relatively consistent across temperate, subtropical and northern hemisphere tropical regions. It was only in southern hemisphere tropical regions, in the eastern hemisphere that low-grain inorganic arsenic is found, namely East Africa ($$\tilde{x}$$ x ~  < 10 μg/kg) and the Southern Indonesian islands ($$\tilde{x}$$ x ~  < 20 μg/kg). Southern hemisphere South American rice was universally high in inorganic arsenic, the reason for which needs further exploration.

scholarly journals Effect of arsenosugar ingestion on urinary arsenic speciation

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingsheng Ma ◽  
X Chris Le
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Speciation ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
Biomarkers Of Exposure

Abstract We developed and evaluated a method for the determination of μg/L concentrations of individual arsenic species in urine samples. We have mainly studied arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], monomethylarsonic acid (MMAA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) because these are the most commonly used biomarkers of exposure by the general population to inorganic arsenic and because of concerns over these arsenic species on their toxicity and carcinogenicity. We have also detected five unidentified urinary arsenic species resulting from the metabolism of arsenosugars. We combined ion pair liquid chromatography with on-line hydride generation and subsequent atomic fluorescence detection (HPLC/HGAFS). Detection limits, determined as three times the standard deviation of the baseline noise, are 0.8, 1.2, 0.7, and 1.0 μ/L arsenic for arsenite, arsenate, MMAA, and DMAA, respectively. These correspond to 16, 24, 14, and 20 pg of arsenic, respectively, for a 20-μL sample injected for analysis. The excellent detection limit enabled us to determine trace concentrations of arsenic species in urine samples from healthy subjects who did not have excess exposure to arsenic. There was no need for any sample pretreatment step. We used Standard Reference Materials, containing both normal and increased concentrations of arsenic, to validate the method. Interlaboratory studies with independent techniques also confirmed the results obtained with the HPLC/HGAFS method. We demonstrated an application of the method to the determination of arsenic species in urine samples after the ingestion of seaweed by four volunteers. We observed substantial increases of DMAA concentrations in the samples collected from the volunteers after the consumption of seaweed. The increase of urinary DMAA concentration is due to the metabolism of arsenosugars that are present in the seaweed. Our results suggest that the commonly used biomarkers of exposure to inorganic arsenic, based on the measurement of arsenite, arsenate, MMAA, and DMAA, are not reliable when arsenosugars are ingested from the diet.

scholarly journals Arsenic Methyltransferase and Methylation of Inorganic Arsenic

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1351
Author(s):  
Nirmal K. Roy ◽  
Anthony Murphy ◽  
Max Costa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Foot Disease

Arsenic occurs naturally in the environment, and exists predominantly as inorganic arsenite (As (III) and arsenate As (V)). Arsenic contamination of drinking water has long been recognized as a major global health concern. Arsenic exposure causes changes in skin color and lesions, and more severe health conditions such as black foot disease as well as various cancers originating in the lungs, skin, and bladder. In order to efficiently metabolize and excrete arsenic, it is methylated to monomethylarsonic and dimethylarsinic acid. One single enzyme, arsenic methyltransferase (AS3MT) is responsible for generating both metabolites. AS3MT has been purified from several mammalian and nonmammalian species, and its mRNA sequences were determined from amino acid sequences. With the advent of genome technology, mRNA sequences of AS3MT have been predicted from many species throughout the animal kingdom. Horizontal gene transfer had been postulated for this gene through phylogenetic studies, which suggests the importance of this gene in appropriately handling arsenic exposures in various organisms. An altered ability to methylate arsenic is dependent on specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in AS3MT. Reduced AS3MT activity resulting in poor metabolism of iAs has been shown to reduce expression of the tumor suppressor gene, p16, which is a potential pathway in arsenic carcinogenesis. Arsenic is also known to induce oxidative stress in cells. However, the presence of antioxidant response elements (AREs) in the promoter sequences of AS3MT in several species does not correlate with the ability to methylate arsenic. ARE elements are known to bind NRF2 and induce antioxidant enzymes to combat oxidative stress. NRF2 may be partly responsible for the biotransformation of iAs and the generation of methylated arsenic species via AS3MT. In this article, arsenic metabolism, excretion, and toxicity, a discussion of the AS3MT gene and its evolutionary history, and DNA methylation resulting from arsenic exposure have been reviewed.

Lack of promoting effect due to oral administration of dimethylarsinic acid on rat lung carcinogenesis initiated with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine

2002 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noritaka Seike ◽  
Hideki Wanibuchi ◽  
Keiichirou Morimura ◽  
Takayuki Nishikawa ◽  
Hideki Kishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Lung Carcinogenesis ◽  
Promoting Effect
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