scholarly journals Antiviral Activity of Plant Flavonoid, 5,7,4'-Trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone, from the Roots of Scutellaria baicalensis against Influenza A (H3N2) and B Viruses.

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki NAGAI ◽  
Yujiro SUZUKI ◽  
Tsuyoshi TOMIMORI ◽  
Haruki YAMADA
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis

Antiviral Activity of 3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol and its Derivatives Against Influenza A(H1N1)2009 Virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Ardashov ◽  
Vladimir V. Zarubaev ◽  
Anna A. Shtro ◽  
Dina V. Korchagina ◽  
Konstantin P. Volcho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Potent sialic acid inhibitors that target influenza A virus hemagglutinin

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jen Chang ◽  
Cheng-Yun Yeh ◽  
Ju-Chien Cheng ◽  
Yu-Qi Huang ◽  
Kai-Cheng Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ligand Complex ◽  
Receptor Binding Site ◽  
Computational Strategy

AbstractEradicating influenza A virus (IAV) is difficult, due to its genetic drift and reassortment ability. As the infectious cycle is initiated by the influenza glycoprotein, hemagglutinin (HA), which mediates the binding of virions to terminal sialic acids moieties, HA is a tempting target of anti-influenza inhibitors. However, the complexity of the HA structure has prevented delineation of the structural characterization of the HA protein–ligand complex. Our computational strategy efficiently analyzed > 200,000 records of compounds held in the United States National Cancer Institute (NCI) database and identified potential HA inhibitors, by modeling the sialic acid (SA) receptor binding site (RBS) for the HA structure. Our modeling revealed that compound NSC85561 showed significant antiviral activity against the IAV H1N1 strain with EC50 values ranging from 2.31 to 2.53 µM and negligible cytotoxicity (CC50 > 700 µM). Using the NSC85561 compound as the template to generate 12 derivatives, robust bioassay results revealed the strongest antiviral efficacies with NSC47715 and NSC7223. Virtual screening clearly identified three SA receptor binding site inhibitors that were successfully validated in experimental data. Thus, our computational strategy has identified SA receptor binding site inhibitors against HA that show IAV-associated antiviral activity.

scholarly journals Antiviral Activity of Chicken Cathelicidin B1 Against Influenza A Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianci Peng ◽  
Wenjuan Du ◽  
Melanie D. Balhuizen ◽  
Henk P. Haagsman ◽  
Cornelis A. M. de Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A

scholarly journals Antiviral activity of Ladania067, an extract from wild black currant leaves against influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Haasbach ◽  
Carmen Hartmayer ◽  
Alice Hettler ◽  
Alicja Sarnecka ◽  
Ulrich Wulle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Black Currant

scholarly journals Oligomerization Requirements for MX2-Mediated Suppression of HIV-1 Infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. J. Dicks ◽  
Caroline Goujon ◽  
Darja Pollpeter ◽  
Gilberto Betancor ◽  
Luis Apolonia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Antiviral Function ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACTHuman myxovirus resistance 2 (MX2/MXB) is an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) and was recently identified as a late postentry suppressor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, inhibiting the nuclear accumulation of viral cDNAs. Although the HIV-1 capsid (CA) protein is believed to be the viral determinant of MX2-mediated inhibition, the precise mechanism of antiviral action remains unclear. The MX family of dynamin-like GTPases also includes MX1/MXA, a well-studied inhibitor of a range of RNA and DNA viruses, including influenza A virus (FLUAV) and hepatitis B virus but not retroviruses. MX1 and MX2 are closely related and share similar domain architectures and structures. However, MX2 possesses an extended N terminus that is essential for antiviral function and confers anti-HIV-1 activity on MX1 [MX1(NMX2)]. Higher-order oligomerization is required for the antiviral activity of MX1 against FLUAV, with current models proposing that MX1 forms ring structures that constrict around viral nucleoprotein complexes. Here, we performed structure-function studies to investigate the requirements for oligomerization of both MX2 and chimeric MX1(NMX2) for the inhibition of HIV-1 infection. The oligomerization state of mutated proteins with amino acid substitutions at multiple putative oligomerization interfaces was assessed using a combination of covalent cross-linking and coimmunoprecipitation. We show that while monomeric MX2 and MX1(NMX2) mutants are not antiviral, higher-order oligomerization does not appear to be required for full antiviral activity of either protein. We propose that lower-order oligomerization of MX2 is sufficient for the effective inhibition of HIV-1.IMPORTANCEInterferon plays an important role in the control of virus replication during acute infectionin vivo. Recently, cultured cell experiments identified human MX2 as a key effector in the interferon-mediated postentry block to HIV-1 infection. MX2 is a member of a family of large dynamin-like GTPases that includes MX1/MXA, a closely related interferon-inducible inhibitor of several viruses, including FLUAV, but not HIV-1. MX GTPases form higher-order oligomeric structures, and the oligomerization of MX1 is required for inhibitory activity against many of its viral targets. Through structure-function studies, we report that monomeric mutants of MX2 do not inhibit HIV-1. However, in contrast to MX1, oligomerization beyond dimer assembly does not seem to be required for the antiviral activity of MX2, implying that fundamental differences exist between the antiviral mechanisms employed by these closely related proteins.

scholarly journals Novel Antiviral Characteristics of Nanosized Copper(I) Iodide Particles Showing Inactivation Activity against 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 951-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshie Fujimori ◽  
Tetsuya Sato ◽  
Taishi Hayata ◽  
Tomokazu Nagao ◽  
Mikio Nakayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
Titration Assay ◽  
Average Size

ABSTRACTWe investigated the antiviral activity of nanosized copper(I) iodide (CuI) particles having an average size of 160 nm. CuI particles showed aqueous stability and generated hydroxyl radicals, which were probably derived from monovalent copper (Cu+). We confirmed that CuI particles showed antiviral activity against an influenza A virus of swine origin (pandemic [H1N1] 2009) by plaque titration assay. The virus titer decreased in a dose-dependent manner upon incubation with CuI particles, with the 50% effective concentration being approximately 17 μg/ml after exposure for 60 min. SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed the inactivation of the virus due to the degradation of viral proteins such as hemagglutinin and neuraminidase by CuI. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy revealed that CuI generates hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution, and radical production was found to be blocked by the radical scavengerN-acetylcysteine. Taken together, these findings indicate that CuI particles exert antiviral activity by generating hydroxyl radicals. Thus, CuI may be a useful material for protecting against viral attacks and may be suitable for applications such as filters, face masks, protective clothing, and kitchen cloths.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo mechanism of immunomodulatory and antiviral activity of Edible Bird's Nest (EBN) against influenza A virus (IAV) infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 327-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Haghani ◽  
Parvaneh Mehrbod ◽  
Nikoo Safi ◽  
Nur Ain Aminuddin ◽  
Azadeh Bahadoran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Edible Bird’S Nest

IFITM proteins that restrict the early stages of respiratory virus infection do not influence late-stage replication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Meischel ◽  
Svenja Fritzlar ◽  
Fernando Villalon-Letelier ◽  
Melkamu B. Tessema ◽  
Andrew G. Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Parainfluenza Virus ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Cellular Entry ◽  
Overexpression System ◽  
Late Stages

Interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins inhibit a broad range of enveloped viruses by blocking entry into host cells. We used an inducible overexpression system to investigate if IFITM1, IFITM2 and IFITM3 could modulate early and/or late stages of influenza A virus (IAV) or parainfluenza virus (PIV)-3 infection in human A549 airway epithelial cells. IAV and PIV-3 represent respiratory viruses which utilise distinct cellular entry pathways. We verify entry by endocytosis for IAV, whereas PIV-3 infection was consistent with fusion at the plasma membrane. Following induction prior to infection, all three IFITM proteins restricted the percentage of IAV-infected cells at 8 hours post-infection. In contrast, prior induction of IFITM1 and IFITM2 did not inhibit PIV-3 infection, although a modest reduction was observed with IFITM3. siRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous IFITM1, IFITM2 and IFITM3 expression, in the presence or absence of pre-treatment with type I interferon, resulted in increased IAV, but not PIV-3, infection. This suggests that while all three IFITMs display antiviral activity against IAV, they do not restrict the early stages of PIV-3 infection. IAV and PIV-3 infection culminates in viral egress through budding at the plasma membrane. Inducible expression of IFITM1, IFITM2 or IFITM3 immediately after infection did not impact titres of infectious virus released from IAV or PIV-3 infected cells. Our findings show that IFITM proteins differentially restrict the early stages of infection of two respiratory viruses with distinct cellular entry pathways, but do not influence the late stages of replication for either virus. IMPORTANCE Interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins restrict the initial stages of infection for several respiratory viruses, however their potential to modulate the later stages of virus replication has not been explored. In this study we highlight the utility of an inducible overexpression system to assess the impact of IFITM proteins on either early or late stage replication of two respiratory viruses. We demonstrate antiviral activity by IFITM1, IFITM2 and IFITM3 against influenza A virus (IAV) but not parainfluenza virus (PIV)-3 during the early stages of cellular infection. Furthermore, IFITM induction following IAV or PIV-3 infection does not restrict the late stages of replication of either virus. Our findings show that IFITM proteins can differentially restrict the early stages of infection of two viruses with distinct cellular entry pathways, yet do not influence the late stages of replication for either virus.

scholarly journals Hypercapnia Suppresses Macrophage Antiviral Activity and Increases Mortality of Influenza A Infection via Akt1

2020 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marina Casalino-Matsuda ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Francisco J. Gonzalez-Gonzalez ◽  
Aisha Nair ◽  
Sandra Dib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Influenza A

scholarly journals Antiviral Activity of Benzoic Acid Derivative NC-5 Against Influenza A Virus and Its Neuraminidase Inhibition

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6261
Author(s):  
Min Guo ◽  
Jiawei Ni ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Jing Jin ◽  
Lingman Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Drug Resistant

The currently available drugs against influenza A virus primarily target neuraminidase (NA) or the matrix protein 2 (M2) ion channel. The emergence of drug-resistant viruses requires the development of new antiviral chemicals. Our study applied a cell-based approach to evaluate the antiviral activity of a series of newly synthesized benzoic acid derivatives, and 4-(2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxopyrrolidin-l-yl)-3-(5-cyclohexyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)amino). benzoic acid, termed NC-5, was found to possess antiviral activity. NC-5 inhibited influenza A viruses A/FM/1/47 (H1N1), A/Beijing/32/92 (H3N2) and oseltamivir-resistant mutant A/FM/1/47-H275Y (H1N1-H275Y) in a dose-dependent manner. The 50% effective concentrations (EC50) for H1N1 and H1N1-H275Y were 33.6 μM and 32.8 μM, respectively, which showed that NC-5 had a great advantage over oseltamivir in drug-resistant virus infections. The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of NC-5 was greater than 640 μM. Orally administered NC-5 protected mice infected with H1N1 and H1N1-H275Y, conferring 80% and 60% survival at 100 mg/kg/d, reducing body weight loss, and alleviating virus-induced lung injury. NC-5 could suppress NP and M1 protein expression levels during the late stages of viral biosynthesis and inhibit NA activity, which may influence virus release. Our study proved that NC-5 has potent anti-influenza activity in vivo and in vitro, meaning that it could be regarded as a promising drug candidate to treat infection with influenza viruses, including oseltamivir-resistant viruses.

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