Inhibitory Effect of Glycine on Ethanol Absorption from Gastrointestinal Tract.

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1653-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruaki AKAO ◽  
Kyoichi KOBASHI
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect

scholarly journals Effect of Fermented Feed on the Microbial Population of the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Pigs

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 3071-3076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren� L. van Winsen ◽  
Bert A. P. Urlings ◽  
Len J. A. Lipman ◽  
Jos M. A. Snijders ◽  
David Keuzenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Fermented Feed ◽  
The Family ◽  
Colon And Rectum

ABSTRACT An in vivo experiment was performed with pigs to study the inhibitory effect of fermented feed on the bacterial population of the gastrointestinal tract. Results demonstrated a significant positive correlation between pH and lactobacilli in the stomach contents of pigs in dry feed as well as in the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between the pH and the numbers of bacteria in the familyEnterobacteriaceae in the contents of the stomach of pigs fed dry feed was found. In the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed, a significant negative correlation was found between the concentration of the undissociated form of lactic acid and the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae. The numbers ofEnterobacteriaceae in the contents of the stomach, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum of pigs fed fermented feed were significantly lower compared with the contents of the stomach, ileum, caecum, colon, and rectum of pigs fed dry feed. The numbers of total lactobacilli were significantly higher in the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed and in the ileum contents of one pig group fed fermented feed compared with the contents of pigs fed dry feed. However, the influence of lactobacilli on numbers of Enterobacteriaceae could not be demonstrated. It was concluded that fermented feed influences the bacterial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract and reduces the levels of Enterobacteriaceae in the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

Hypouricemic Effects ofArmillaria melleaon Hyperuricemic Mice Regulated through OAT1 and CNT2

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (03) ◽  
pp. 585-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianqiao Yong ◽  
Shaodan Chen ◽  
Yizhen Xie ◽  
Diling Chen ◽  
Jiyan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Organic Anion Transporter ◽  
Nucleoside Transporter ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Concentrative Nucleoside Transporter ◽  
Anion Transporter ◽  
Glucose Transporter 9

Ethanol and water extracts of Armillaria mellea were prepared by directly soaking A. mellea in ethanol (AME) at 65[Formula: see text]C, followed by decocting the remains in water (AMW) at 85[Formula: see text]C. Significantly, AME and AMW at 30, 60 and 120[Formula: see text]mg/kg exhibited excellent hypouricemic actions, causing remarkable declines from hyperuricemic control (351[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol/L, [Formula: see text]) to 136, 130 and 115[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol/L and 250, 188 and 152[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol/L in serum uric acid, correspondingly. In contrast to the evident renal toxicity of allopurinol, these preparations showed little impacts. Moreover, they showed some inhibitory effect on XOD (xanthine oxidase) activity. Compared with hyperuricemic control, protein expressions of OAT1 (organic anion transporter 1) were significantly elevated in AME- and AMW-treated mice. The levels of GLUT9 (glucose transporter 9) expression were significantly decreased by AMW. CNT2 (concentrative nucleoside transporter 2), a key target for purine absorption in gastrointestinal tract was involved in this study, and was verified for its innovative role. Both AME and AMW down-regulated CNT2 proteins in the gastrointestinal tract in hyperuricemic mice. As they exhibited considerable inhibitory effects on XOD, we selected XOD as the target for virtual screening by using molecular docking, and four compounds were hit with high ranks. From the analysis, we concluded that hydrogen bond, Pi–Pi and Pi-sigma interactions might play important roles for their orientations and locations in XOD inhibition.

scholarly journals Minireview: Peripheral Nesfatin-1 in Regulation of the Gut Activity–15 Years since the Discovery

Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kras ◽  
Siemowit Muszyński ◽  
Ewa Tomaszewska ◽  
Marcin B. Arciszewski
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Current State ◽  
Apoptotic Effects ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Peripheral Actions

Nesfatin-1, discovered in 2006, is an anorexigenic molecule derived from the precursor protein NEFA/nucleobindin2. It is generally postulated that this molecule acts through a specific G protein-coupled receptor, as yet unidentified. Research conducted over the last 15 years has revealed both central and peripheral actions of nesfatin-1. Given its major central role, studies determining its inhibitory effect on food intake seem to be of major scientific interest. However, in recent years a number of experiments have found that peripheral organs, including those of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), may also be a source (possibly even the predominant source) of nesfatin-1. This mini-review aimed to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the expression and immunoreactivity of nesfatin-1 and its possible involvement (both physiological and pathological) in the mammalian GIT. Research thus far has shown very promising abilities of nesfatin-1 to restore the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants, to interplay with the gut microbiota, and to alter the structure of the intestinal barrier. This necessitates more extensive research on the peripheral actions of this molecule. More in-depth knowledge of such mechanisms (especially those leading to anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects) is important for a better understanding of the involvement of nefatin-1 in GIT pathophysiological conditions and/or for future therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals The Inhibitory Effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylhnicum) and Ginger (Zingiber officinal) in the Growth of Some Bacterial Species in the Gastrointestinal Tract of the Quail

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Husam H. Nafia
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Different Levels

This experiment conducted for studying the effects of crushed cinnamon and ginger to the diet at levels 0.1, 0.3, 0.6% in the bacterial growth of gastrointestinal tract of the quail. Ninety birds one day age divided randomly into ten transactions as 9 birds per treatment (three birds per duplicate). The numbers of bacteria, total aerobic bacteria in the colon of feces of birds were calculated, the results showed a significant reduction in the number of aerobic bacteria and the numbers of bacteria in the colon. Proportionally increase in the levels of crushed cinnamon, ginger, individually or in combination in comparison the control group showed influence inhibitory to the numbers of bacteria in the colon and aerobic bacteria when you add different levels of transactions compared to crushed ginger and cinnamon mixture into the bush.

Inhibitory Effect ofMyricaBark on Lipase Activity in Mouse Plasma and Gastrointestinal Tract

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Kobayashi ◽  
Satomi Ihara ◽  
Ayumi Kobata ◽  
Kana Itoh ◽  
Nae Kusunoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mouse Plasma

Inhibitory Effect of Sulfhydryl-reactive Reagent on Peritoneal Seeding of Gastrointestinal Tract Carcinoma

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Tetsuo OHTA ◽  
Hidehiro TAJIMA ◽  
Ayman ELNEMR ◽  
Hirohisa KITAGAWA ◽  
Sachio FUSHIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Peritoneal Seeding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract Carcinoma

INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF CHANGES IN GUT MICROFLORA AND PREVENTIVE TAKING OF PROBIOTICS ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE STOMACH DURING ISOLATION STUDY SIRIUS-18/19

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
V.K. Ilyin ◽  
◽  
B.V. Afonin ◽  
D.V. Komissarova ◽  
K.A. Shef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Empty Stomach ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
The Moon

Investigations of the gastrointestinal tract functioning in isolation simulating a mission to the Moon and an experimental "space" diet showed changes in the gut microflora, an increase of the empty stomach juice and quickened evacuation. Probiotic beverage, a food additive, kept the gut microflora stable, and controlled juice volume in the empty stomach and evacuation. The inhibitory effect on evacuation consisted in increasing the hydrochloric acid production in the empty stomach.

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document