Novel Observation of Nucleation and Growth of Insulin Crystals via Liquid Droplets Generated by Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1654-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Waizumi ◽  
Tatsuo Eguchi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

scholarly journals Perturbation of liquid droplets of P-granule protein LAF-1 by the antimicrobial peptide LL-III

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (78) ◽  
pp. 11577-11580
Author(s):  
Rosario Oliva ◽  
Sanjib K. Mukherjee ◽  
Zamira Fetahaj ◽  
Simone Möbitz ◽  
Roland Winter
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Droplet Formation ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Cellular Organization ◽  
P Protein ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Protein/RNA droplet formation by liquid–liquid phase separation has emerged as a key mechanism for cellular organization. We show that binding of antimicrobial peptides such as LL-III can lead to loss of droplet function.

scholarly journals Dynamic Formation of Liquid Droplets Triggered by Sequential Enzymatic Reactions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoto Ura ◽  
Shunsuke Tomita ◽  
Kentaro Shiraki
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Enzyme Reaction ◽  
Model System ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Dynamic Formation ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

<p>A model system was developed that dynamically generates two different liquid droplets via liquid–liquid phase separation coupled with a sequential glycolytic reaction. The sequential two-enzyme reaction triggers the formation/dissolution of the liquid droplets. The droplets, in turn, compartmentalize each enzymatic step and generate feedback to accelerate the overall reaction.</p>

Dynamic behavior of liquid droplets with enzyme compartmentalization triggered by sequential glycolytic enzyme reactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoto Ura ◽  
Shunsuke Tomita ◽  
Kentaro Shiraki
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Droplet Formation ◽  
Glycolytic Enzyme ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Enzyme Reactions ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Dynamic droplet formation via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is believed to be involved in the regulation of various biological processes. Here, a model LLPS system coupled with a sequential glycolytic...

A Short Peptide Synthon for Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manzar Abbas ◽  
Wojciech P. Lipiński ◽  
Karina K. Nakashima ◽  
Wilhelm T.S. Huck ◽  
Evan Spruijt
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Disordered Proteins ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Short Peptide ◽  
Peptide Analogues ◽  
Single Peptide ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Liquid-liquid phase separation of disordered proteins has emerged as a ubiquitous route to membraneless compartments in living cells, and similar coacervates may have played a role when the first cells formed. However, existing coacervates are typically made of multiple macromolecular components, and designing short peptide analogues capable of self-coacervation has proven difficult. Here, we present a short peptide synthon for phase separation, made of only two dipeptide stickers linked via a flexible, hydrophilic spacer. These small-molecule compounds self-coacervate into micrometre-sized liquid droplets at sub-mM concentrations, which retain up to 75 weight-% water. The design is general and we derive guidelines for the required sticker hydrophobicity and spacer polarity. To illustrate their potential as protocells, we create a disulphide-linked derivative that undergoes reversible compartmentalisation controlled by redox chemistry. The resulting coacervates sequester and melt nucleic acids, and act as microreactors that catalyse two different anabolic reactions yielding molecules of increasing complexity. This provides a stepping stone for new protocells made of single peptide species.<br>

A Short Peptide Synthon for Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manzar Abbas ◽  
Wojciech P. Lipiński ◽  
Karina K. Nakashima ◽  
Wilhelm T.S. Huck ◽  
Evan Spruijt
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Disordered Proteins ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Short Peptide ◽  
Peptide Analogues ◽  
Single Peptide ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Liquid-liquid phase separation of disordered proteins has emerged as a ubiquitous route to membraneless compartments in living cells, and similar coacervates may have played a role when the first cells formed. However, existing coacervates are typically made of multiple macromolecular components, and designing short peptide analogues capable of self-coacervation has proven difficult. Here, we present a short peptide synthon for phase separation, made of only two dipeptide stickers linked via a flexible, hydrophilic spacer. These small-molecule compounds self-coacervate into micrometre-sized liquid droplets at sub-mM concentrations, which retain up to 75 weight-% water. The design is general and we derive guidelines for the required sticker hydrophobicity and spacer polarity. To illustrate their potential as protocells, we create a disulphide-linked derivative that undergoes reversible compartmentalisation controlled by redox chemistry. The resulting coacervates sequester and melt nucleic acids, and act as microreactors that catalyse two different anabolic reactions yielding molecules of increasing complexity. This provides a stepping stone for new protocells made of single peptide species.<br>

scholarly journals Small molecules as potent biphasic modulators of protein liquid-liquid phase separation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Michael Babinchak ◽  
Benjamin K. Dumm ◽  
Sarah Venus ◽  
Solomiia Boyko ◽  
Andrea A. Putnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Small Molecule Modulators ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Abstract Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of proteins that leads to formation of membrane-less organelles is critical to many biochemical processes in the cell. However, dysregulated LLPS can also facilitate aberrant phase transitions and lead to protein aggregation and disease. Accordingly, there is great interest in identifying small molecules that modulate LLPS. Here, we demonstrate that 4,4’-dianilino-1,1’-binaphthyl-5,5’-disulfonic acid (bis-ANS) and similar compounds are potent biphasic modulators of protein LLPS. Depending on context, bis-ANS can both induce LLPS de novo as well as prevent formation of homotypic liquid droplets. Our study also reveals the mechanisms by which bis-ANS and related compounds modulate LLPS and identify key chemical features of small molecules required for this activity. These findings may provide a foundation for the rational design of small molecule modulators of LLPS with therapeutic value.

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