Solvent Effects on the Solvolysis of Benzyl Tosylates. Behavior of Derivatives with Electron-Donating Substituents

1995 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 2619-2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizue Fujio ◽  
Toshihiro Susuki ◽  
Ken-ichi Yatsugi ◽  
Yoshihiro Saeki ◽  
Mutsuo Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Benzyl Tosylates

The Solvolysis of Benzyl Tosylates. V. Some Solvent Effects

1958 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Hammond ◽  
Charles E. Reeder ◽  
Fabian T. Fang ◽  
Jay K. Kochi
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Benzyl Tosylates

Additions and Corrections: The Solvolysis of Benzyl Tosylates. V. Some Solvent Effects.

1958 ◽  
Vol 80 (24) ◽  
pp. 6701-6701
Author(s):  
George Hammond ◽  
Charles Reeder ◽  
Fabian Fang ◽  
Jay Kochi
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Benzyl Tosylates

Kinetic Solvent Effects in Organic Reactions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Slakman ◽  
Richard West
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Kinetic Modeling ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Solvent Phase ◽  
High Throughput Manner

<div> <div> <div> <p>This article reviews prior work studying reaction kinetics in solution, with the goal of using this information to improve detailed kinetic modeling in the solvent phase. Both experimental and computational methods for calculating reaction rates in liquids are reviewed. Previous studies, which used such methods to determine solvent effects, are then analyzed based on reaction family. Many of these studies correlate kinetic solvent effect with one or more solvent parameters or properties of reacting species, but it is not always possible, and investigations are usually done on too few reactions and solvents to truly generalize. From these studies, we present suggestions on how best to use data to generalize solvent effects for many different reaction types in a high throughput manner. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Can the Lewis basicity of an isolated solvent molecule be used for characterizing solvent effects?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Gal ◽  
Pierre-Charles Maria
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Solvent Molecule ◽  
Lewis Base ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Donor Number ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Solution Processes ◽  
Inert Solvent

Background: The ubiquitous Lewis acid/base interactions are important in solution processes. Analytical chemistry may benefit of a better understanding of the role of Lewis basicity, at the molecular level or acting through a bulk solvent effect. Objective: To clearly delineate (i) the basicity at a molecular level, hereafter referred as solute basicity, and (ii) the solvent basicity, which is a bulk-liquid property. Method: The literature that relates Lewis basicity scales and solvent effects is analyzed. A special focus is placed on two extensive scales, the Donor Number, DN, and the BF3 affinity scale, BF3A, which were obtained by calorimetric measurement on molecules as solutes diluted in a quasi-inert solvent, and therefore define a molecular Lewis basicity. We discuss the validity of these solute scales when regarded as solvent scales, in particular when the basicity of strongly associated liquids is discussed. Results: We demonstrate the drawbacks of confusing the Lewis basicity of a solvent molecule, isolated as solute, and that of the bulk liquid solvent itself. Conclusion: Consequently, we recommend a reasoned use of the concept of Lewis basicity taking clearly into account the specificity of the process for which a Lewis basicity effect may be invoked. In particular, the action of the Lewis base, either as an isolated entity, or as a bulk liquid, must be distinguished.

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