The Viscosity of Concentrated Aqueous Solutions of Strong Electrolytes

1961 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1260-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Satoh ◽  
Koreaki Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Concentrated Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Strong Electrolytes

On theory of apparent molar volumes in concentrated aqueous solutions of strong electrolytes

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Čeleda
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
Apparent Molar Volumes ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Concentrated Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Free Ion ◽  
Strong Electrolytes

On the basis of the method reported in the previous work, according to which close-packed hydration sheaths of ions are surrounded by excess voids which in the above model were replaced by contact gap of width d0 independent of temperature and concentration, it is inferred in the present study that on extrapolating the apparent volumes of strong electrolytes to zero volume fraction of water in solution, temperature-independent water-free ion volumes Φ’i are obtained. These volumes correspond to the state in which the contact gap is shifted up to the very surface of ions, without changing its width d0 = 39 ± 2 pm. The volumes Φ’i show additivity and acquire thus the properties of parameters which are applicable to calculation of the density of aqueous solutions of strong electrolytes as well as of their mixtures up to the highest possible concentrations. With Li+ and Na+ ions, the condition of temperature invariance of Φ’i results in that the hydrate nucleus is not naked cation but a species MH2O+ analogous to H3O+ ion. This explains likely the different function of Na+ and K+ ions in biological systems (especially concerning their permeation through membranes). In the case of Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ ions, the hard-body centre of their hydrates is formed by hexaaqua-complexes.

Interpretation of properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions in terms of hydration and incomplete dissociation

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajalakshmi Heyrovská
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Aqueous Electrolyte ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Hydration Numbers ◽  
Concentrated Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Strong Electrolytes ◽  
Strong Acids ◽  
Degrees Of Dissociation ◽  
Concentration Cells ◽  
Existing Data

The existing data on the vapour pressures, densities and e.m.f.s of concentration cells of dilute and concentrated aqueous solutions of strong electrolytes have been interpreted in terms of hydration and incomplete dissociation. Hydration numbers and degrees of dissociation have been presented for several 1 : 1 strong electrolytes at 25 °C. Thus the actual ionic concentrations of strong acids, bases and salts, hitherto inaccessible, have now been made available.

The anomalous valency effect of strong electrolytes in aqueous solutions

1934 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 116-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Chloupek ◽  
Vl. Z. Daneš ◽  
B. A. Danešová
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Strong Electrolytes
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